MOROCOMP (LIFE TCY05/MA000141) - Unit of Environmental ...

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[ % ] 3 2,8 2,6 2,4 2,2 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 Days Figure 18: Changes in total nitrogen content [%] during the 2 nd composting trial As has been mentioned nitrogen decreases during the process of composting mainly through ammonia volatilization but the increase in total nitrogen content is attributed to a concentration effect as a consequence of strong degradation of organic carbon compounds which reduces the weight of the composted dry mass [3]. Therefore in dry bases the total nitrogen content presented a linear increase during the first 9 days of the process which is explained by the steep decrease of the total carbon as shown in Figure 18. Iranzo et al. reported that increase of total nitrogen content has been observed in composting processes in which the organic matter has been reduced significantly [62]. From the 9 th day onwards the rate in which nitrogen content increased is reduced mainly due to the reduction rate in which carbon is consumed. Studies confirm that additional increase of nitrogen content, at the latest stage of the composting, may be acquired due to processes of non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation which occurs due to the activity of azotobacters which recover a proportion of nitrogen which has been lost as ammonia [2, 28]. The nitrogen content at the end of the 2 nd composting trial on the 23 rd day was 2.85% which is higher than the initial nitrogen content (2.42%). 70
5.2.6.4. Ammonium Nitrogen (NH + 4 - N) The evolution of the ammonium concentration of the substrate during the 3 rd composting trial follows the same pattern as the 1 st composting trial. Figure 19 presents the changes of the ammonium content during the 2 nd composting trial. [ % ] 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 [ Days ] Figure 19: Changes in ammonium concentration [mg/kg] during the 2 nd composting trial Due to the activity of proteolytic bacteria ammonium was produced reaching a maximum of 3063.60mg/kg on the 5 th day of the process. From that point onwards the ammonium concentration was reduced significantly due to ammonia volatilization and the stimulation of nitrification and reached at 207.73mg/kg at the final day of composting. 5.2.6.5. Nitrates (NO - 3-N) With respect to the nitrates concentration Figure 20 presents the changes of nitrates during the 2 nd composting trial. 71
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U C D UNIVERSITE CHOUAIB DOUKKALI N
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5.1.4. Feeding the in-vessel biorea
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5.4.5.4. Measuring the oxygen conte
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Table 9: Typical nutrient compositi
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The temperature profiles of the com
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1. Introduction to composting proce
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2.2. Particle size, porosity, struc
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This will limit the movement of air
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sludge treatment is an immense prob
Page 19 and 20: Due to the unavailability of the UW
Page 21 and 22: Table 1: Parameters evaluated the s
Page 23 and 24: 4.2. Composting mixtures The chemic
Page 25 and 26: The ventilator system can operate X
Page 27 and 28: 4.4. Sampling and analysis of the s
Page 29 and 30: 5. Results and discussion The compo
Page 31 and 32: fertilisers. According to Table 2 t
Page 33 and 34: 5.1.4. Feeding the in-vessel biorea
Page 35 and 36: eplaced by others that are thermoph
Page 37 and 38: ventilation of the substrate is a v
Page 39 and 40: which disperses gases through an ai
Page 41 and 42: [ % ] 45 40 35 30 25 1 3 5 7 9 11 1
Page 43 and 44: acquired due to processes of non-sy
Page 45 and 46: [mg/kg] 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400
Page 47 and 48: which occurs through the bio-oxidat
Page 49 and 50: Table 7: Suggested limit values for
Page 51 and 52: Cd (mg/Kg d.s) 0.4739 Cr (mg/Kg d.s
Page 53 and 54: decomposition can pose an indirect
Page 55 and 56: produced from the 1 st trial is cla
Page 57 and 58: Biological assays To estimate the r
Page 59 and 60: 5.1.10. Preparing the system for th
Page 61 and 62: K, as K 2 O (% d.s) 0.9670 4.2683 3
Page 65 and 66: 5.2.5.3. Measuring the moisture of
Page 67 and 68: 5.2.5.6. Monitoring and maintenance
Page 69: [ % ] 50 45 40 35 30 1 3 5 7 9 11 1
Page 73 and 74: parts carbon for each part of nitro
Page 75 and 76: educed and on the 18 th day ammoniu
Page 77 and 78: With respect to the ammonium and ni
Page 79 and 80: % d.s. Dissolved in H2O Dissolved i
Page 81 and 82: 5.3. Composting using primary sludg
Page 83 and 84: is used for agricultural purposes w
Page 87 and 88: material. Only after all substrate,
Page 89 and 90: conditions in the bioreactor. At th
Page 91 and 92: [ % ] 40 35 30 25 20 1 3 5 7 9 11 1
Page 93 and 94: [ mg/Kg ] 800 700 600 500 400 300 2
Page 95 and 96: C:N ratios as has been shown in Tab
Page 97 and 98: leachates through the ion exchange
Page 99 and 100: [2, 3, 4, 5, 6] for the development
Page 101 and 102: [% d.s.] Dissolved in H2O Dissolved
Page 103 and 104: 5.4. Composting using secondary slu
Page 105 and 106: 5.4.2. Composition of the compostin
Page 107 and 108: operation as well as the water flow
Page 109 and 110: can become anaerobic. As has been m
Page 111 and 112: pH 10 9 8 7 6 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
Page 113 and 114: [ % ] 6 5,5 5 4,5 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Page 115 and 116: 5.4.6.5. Nitrates (NO - 3 - N) Besi
Page 117 and 118: Table 36: Characteristics of leacha
Page 119 and 120: NH 4+ - N (mg/Kg.d.s) 304.10 Total
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Heavy metals speciation Furthermore
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Faecal coliforms Log10 MPN/10g DS 0
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the degradation and stabilization o
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Table 40: The physicochemical chara
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7. References [1] Malamis, S. (2000
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[29] Pagans, E., Barrena, R., Font,
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[56] Zorpas, A.A., Arapoglou, D., P
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