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4 Fig. 2A, B Food composition and parasitation with Anisakis simplex of 500 Maurolicus muelleri (length classes between 4.8 and 7.2 cm) from the Norwegian Deep. A Frequency of occurrence (%) of the prey items identified in the stomach in relation to the size of M. muelleri. B Mean intensity of A. simplex and of the prey items Calanus finmarchicus and Paraeuchaeta norvegica in relation to the size of M. muelleri composition from C. finmarchicus to P. norvegica. M. muelleri larger than 5.3 cm fed more often on P. norvegica than smaller individuals. In this case, we found a positive correlation between the mean intensity of the ingested copepods and the total length of M. muelleri (r s 2 =0.919, P
5 Table 1 Stomach contents and parasitation by Anisakis simplex in relation to the total fish length of Maurolicus muelleri. TL Total fish length (cm), F frequency of occurrence (%), I intensity, mI mean intensity, P prevalence (%) Prey group TL 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 Calanus finmarchicus F 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 94.7 94.4 78.9 89.5 78.9 72.2 84.2 73.7 100.0 100.0 95.0 75.0 I 3–71 8–58 11–58 10–95 3–53 1–84 4–89 3–67 2–66 5–54 2–84 2–67 2–63 4–111 1–61 3–87 1–52 2–102 4–78 3–61 3–67 2–63 1–87 11–131 5–119 mI 27.7 30.0 28.1 30.1 21.3 37.5 32.6 32.6 24.2 26.4 33.6 23.5 22.7 32.1 22.3 28.3 24.1 29.7 26.1 28.8 28.1 32.4 35.2 41.5 40.3 F 5.0 10.5 5.0 10.5 5.3 11.1 15.8 66.7 57.9 72.2 73.7 78.9 68.4 77.7 89.5 89.5 89.5 94.7 95.0 95.0 I 1 1–3 1 1–2 2 1–3 1–5 1–27 2–21 3–24 2–22 3–28 1–27 2–27 1–32 1–35 2–29 2–35 2–56 3–47 mI 1.0 2.0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.0 3.3 10.6 12.0 11.5 14.0 14.1 11.8 14.4 16.4 14.8 14.9 17.4 19.6 20.8 Paraeuchaeta norvegica F 5.6 15.8 15.8 15.8 11.1 10.5 15.8 5.3 15.8 5.0 15.0 I 2 1–4 1–5 1–2 1–2 1–2 2–3 1 1–6 1 1–2 mI 2.0 2.3 2.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 2.3 1.0 3.0 1.0 1.7 Meganyctiphanes norvegica Hyperiidae F 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.0 5.0 I 1 1 1 1 1 mI 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Number of stomachs n 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 with content 20 20 20 19 18 20 19 20 19 19 18 19 18 19 18 19 19 19 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 empty 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 0 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 Parasite TL 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.2 Anisakis simplex P (%) 30.0 40.0 40.0 35.0 25.0 35.0 40.0 60.0 60.0 45.0 50.0 85.0 100.0 I 1–2 1–4 1–2 1–2 1–2 1–2 1–2 1–3 1–4 1–4 1–3 1–9 1–8 mI 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.6 2.5 n 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Number of fish examined A total of 33 P. virens (38.5–59.5 cm total length; 550.2–2203.1 g total weight) were examined for their feeding ecology and parasitation rates. The individuals of P. virens examined fed mainly on pelagic prey that consisted of M. norvegica and M. muelleri. Hyperiids, larval decapods and copepods were found in minor proportions. The predominant parasite species was A. simplex with a prevalence of 100.0% and a mean intensity of 193.6 (range 32–390). The third stage larvae (L3) were isolated from the musculature, stomach (free in the lumen), stomach wall, liver and the other organs of the body cavity. Larvae of anisakid nematodes (especially A. simplex) in zooplankton Only third stage larvae (L3) of A. simplex and H. aduncum occurred in P. norvegica and hyperiids, respectively. Five P. norvegica were detected carrying an A. simplex larva (L3) (prevalence 0.26%, intensity 1, Fig. 3A, B Third stage larva (L3) of Anisakis simplex and Hysterothylacium aduncum from invertebrate hosts from the zooplankton samples collected in the Norwegian Deep. A Paraeuchaeta norvegica with third stage larva of A. simplex coiled in the haemocoel (bar=0.15 mm). B H. aduncum third stage larva in the haemocoel of a hyperiid (bar=0.22 mm)
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