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› Geo-Electric Explorations 48 › INDUCED POLARISATION The Induced Polarisation (PI) is an electric phenomenon that occurs inside of material media in the time domain, with the release of stresses upon the interruption of a flow of electric current of step type (in this case, it is measured as chargeability) and also in the frequency domain, with a precise dispersion law of the electric resistivity upon the variation of the frequency of an alternated current flow. A PI source is connected to the oxido-reductive processes along the interface between the metal grains and interstitial fluids (electrode polarisation). Another important PI source consists instead of ionic accumulations in moving electrolytes due to mobility variations along the path (electro-kinetic polarisation). The tomographic inversion of the data obtained on the surface returns the ground in “output” based on chargeability images, thanks to which it is possible to identify possible accumulation areas or significant concentrations of hydrocarbons. The chargeability is proportional to the charge stored by the lithotype and it represents the concentration of a conductor in the multi-electrode area. › SPONTANEOUS-POTENTIAL METHOD The Spontaneous Potential method (PS) consists in determining on the surface, the differences of potential related to a natural electric field, linked to the underground circulation of aqueous electrolytic solutions in porous media. From the analysis of PS anomalies in the surface, it is possible to determine the intensity and position of the concentrations of ionic charges with both polarities. The test is carried out by positioning two electrodes: the first one close to the measurement station and the other one is moved on the following stations of the line; of both electrodes are moved, by keeping stable the interval between them, mapping the ground based on the spontaneous potential. The use of this method is useful in the mining field for the search of sulphides and graphite, but also in the archaeological field, indeed water circulations can be affected by underground archaeological structures, that could act as drain or as obstacle, and therefore, with the identification of PS anomalies, it is possible in general to find underground archaeological structures indirectly.
› Mae 49 SUPPORTED INVESTIGATION A6000E A6000SE Multi-electrode geoelectrical prospections • • V.E.S. Vertical Electric Survey • • Measure of self potential • • Measure of chargeability • • Induced Polarization • • Seismic refraction investigation Seismic riflession investigation Seismic tomography Down-hole / Cross-hole M.A.S.W. / S.A.S.W. / Re.Mi. Passive seismic acquisition Seismic vibration monitoring Nakamura method • • • • • • • •
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