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Diversity, commonality and connectivity Before this conference, I suspect a lot of us thought of industrial conservation as a field devoted mainly to industrial artefacts like transportation vehicles and large machinery. But as we’ve learned in the talks of this conference, it also encompasses the objects that were mass-produced by manufacturing machinery. And as if that weren’t enough, now I find it also refers to large-scale, modern industrial processes like mass deacidification, cold storage, the application of flame retardants to textiles and digital documentation and copying. Ironically, as our first key speaker pointed out, industry has created many of the problems that we face and industry is now coming back to help us solve these problems. You could say things have come full circle, but it would probably be more accurate to describe it as an upward (or perhaps downward) spiral. Every new solution that industry bestows upon us seems to create more problems for the future, and it is virtually certain that industry will come to rescue us from all the imperfect advances in technology and materials that are in store. And on and on it goes. When you look over the program, the scope of our work really is absolutely breath-taking. It ranges from huge industrial sites like the mines and buildings at St.Just in Cornwall, the pulp and paper mill at Klevfos, Norway, the open air museum at Den Gamle By and the Carlsberg brewery to individual buildings containing machinery, like the Zollern Colliery in Dortmund, Germany. It encompasses large individual artefacts, like the vehicles at the Science Museum in London¸ the SS Great Britain in Bristol and the USS Monitor in Newport News, Virginia, all of which contain a large number of individual machines and mechanical devices. The scope extends even further to include small individual items like Swiss watches, canvas paintings, phonograph records and players, paper documents, woodworking tools and celluloid films. Physically, these individual items moderator speech by george prytuLaK are small compared to the large outdoor objects and sites, but what they lack in size they make up for in sheer numbers. And make no mistake: dealing with thousands of deteriorating wrist watches, tons of paper or truckloads of film is every bit as challenging as dealing with a corroding iron bridge, and I would argue, no less important. Truly it’s a measure of our character that we face these Herculean tasks on a daily basis, and it’s incredible that we carry on, unbowed and undefeated, if not always openly optimistic. This conference could well have been called “Incredible Industrial Conservators.” The diversity of materials we deal with in this field is no less incredible than the scope. We must deal with traditional materials like wood, leather, metals, glass and textiles. But we also must learn to handle the new materials like polymers that have appeared during the past fifty years, as we saw in quite a number of papers. In this case, the real challenge isn’t so much size as it is complexity and magnitude. Again, what binds us together is our fortitude and in facing these immense challenges. And it is precisely this diversity that makes us strong. Between us, we can handle almost anything. Surprisingly, in spite of all this diversity, there is also incredible commonality in our field. As we saw in a number of papers, similar materials can and do emerge in some of the most unexpected places. Cellulose nitrate is a good example. Most people wouldn’t think the finish on a 1930s automobile, a reel of film, a doll and an early sound recording would have anything in common, yet they were all made from the same material and they all face similar forces of deterioration and destruction. Another example is woven canvas: a painted sheet of canvas under tension has a lot in common with the painted fabric stretched over the frame of an early airplane, and many aircraft textiles were also treated with flame retardant chemicals. Who would expect a 235
colliery engine house to have stained glass windows? And who would have dreamed 50 years ago that the original vellum and paper plans for the construction of the USS Monitor would prove so valuable in the later preservation of this underwater archaeological artefact? Regrettably, there isn’t a lot of interaction between the many specialized fields of conservation, and I think this is a serious problem that needs to be addressed. One vital thing is lacking, and that is connectivity. Too many of us work in hermetically sealed bubbles, with little interest in what the others are doing in different disciplines. Many of us – and I include myself here – have a blinkered view at times, either because we are over-specialized or we aren’t interested in a particular material or type of Artifact. In general, Paper labs have little interest in conserving paint brochures; no one in fine arts specializes in how to consolidate the painted decoration on a 19 th century threshing machine; and very few textiles conservators have any desire to deal with aircraft fabric or automobile upholstery. I would love to see this change. That’s why I believe conferences like Big Stuff and Incredible Industry, with eclectic programs and a diverse mix of conservators are on 236 the right track. I think we should stop thinking of ourselves as specialists and start thinking more of ourselves as broadminded conservators capable of tackling virtually any problem and staying open to new interests, influences and perspectives. We are all too isolated. We need more interaction and greater connectivity. All of us have incredible potential; all of us have unique skills and talents and perspectives and imaginations. Together we can do almost anything. The real value of conferences like this isn’t finding specifik solutions to our problems; it is more about gaining a new awareness and appreciation of the work that is being done in our field and about gaining a new respect for our colleagues, wherever they may be. Moderator George Prytulak Conservator of Industrial Artifacts Canadian Conservation Institute 1030 Innes Road Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0M5 George.Prytulak@pch.gc.ca
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Preserving the evidence of industri
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Copyright: This publication is issu
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Table of contents Foreword ........
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Contributions KeynotespeaKers
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”The control and disciplination o
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uildings of this age. To sum up: Th
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need tons of cans to fully understa
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one of the first to be industrializ
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manufacture of billiard balls. Hyat
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have very similar characteristics;
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MACHINERIES were introduced, but al
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16) Goodman N., Langages de l’art
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Table 1. Collections containing pla
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Figure 2: A pile of transparent cel
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diisocyanate such as diphenylmethan
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Figure 7: Environmental Stress Crac
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Author Yvonne Shashoua Senior Resea
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Contributions
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Figure 1. H.A. Brendekilde, Odense
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weaving, the imported machine spun
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Figure 2. T. Kloss. Den danske eska
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Annemette B. Scharff, MSc. The Roya
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22. Eckersberg diaries, 29.7.1834:
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The St Just Coast Project 1995 - 20
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Prior to the St Just Coast Project
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shaft. Considering the considerable
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In 2005 the slipway at Cape Cornwal
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Figure 1: The EWO dosimeter holder
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Figure 2: EWO results reporting dia
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Figure 3: Correlation of EWO respon
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The EWO is available on direct orde
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Figure 2. Nature is back at coking
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3a 3b 3c 3d 3e 70 Figure 3a-e Being
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Table 2. Case studies location Hatt
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Flameproofed textiles in museums an
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y strong acidity created as an effe
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textile fibres, especially those of
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Cold storage as an alternative to m
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% of objects 100 90 80 70 60 50 40
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% of very brittle objects (3 hand f
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lie in the range of 20-25 euros per
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Preservation of sponsored films Int
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In the case of A & B rolls the diff
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Table 2. Advantages and disadvantag
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Table 3 “The preservation route
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The scientific committee considered
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DSCF 1304 Preservation of mass-prod
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Developing a policy and procedure f
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at the (very) occasional public ope
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• the object’s current conditio
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Polymers in watches manufactured in
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as a result of the Watch Valley con
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Figure 6. The Astrolon Watch “Ide
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of status of the watch is obvious i
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[26] Bergeon, S. Ethique et conserv
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Gramophones and Records - the first
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Record manufacturing process 1925-1
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Gramophones The reproducing machine
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Pickups (and cutterheads) are very
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USS Monitor conservation: preservin
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Figure 1: X-radiograph mosaic of US
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Figure 4: Detail of ventilation uni
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Figure 8: Detail of Monitor’s pac
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Authors Eric Nordgren, David Krop,
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Figure 2. The Ducretet inductor coi
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During its time in storage at the N
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Figure 8. Wigmore Castle after cons
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[14]Henderson, J. And P. Manti (200
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The instability of iron when subjec
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Fig. 2 Rust stains on the too-thinl
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Fig. 4 Some bicycles in use and in
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5. Conservation options: Preserving
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Another look at painted finishes on
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the currency of the finishes. The w
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Figure 3 WW2 airplane with newly-pa
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paint chips that are simulated with
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Notes: 1. There are a few notable e
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Industrially produced paint and the
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twentieth century. In the same peri
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table 1. cont. Styrenebutadiene or
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Figure 3. “A useful play!” is t
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Author Nynne Raunsgaard Sethia Den
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Protection of iron and steel in ind
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provided by the manufacturers indic
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Table 2: Suppliers for selected pro
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Table 3: Application, appearance an
Page 184 and 185: Figure 5: Impedance versus frequenc
Page 186: 3. Hollner, S., Mirambet, F., Rocca
Page 189 and 190: The choice of coating system depend
Page 191 and 192: Figure 4. Dockside crane No.16 Orth
Page 194 and 195: Recovering the Icon ? The restorati
Page 196 and 197: Fig 3: Early 20th century photograp
Page 198 and 199: Fig 8: New mercury-vapor rectifiers
Page 200 and 201: problematic since the colliery clos
Page 202 and 203: Despite all our rational attempts a
Page 204 and 205: Author Dipl.-Ing. Norbert Tempel, L
Page 206 and 207: The conservation of a Victorian shi
Page 208 and 209: sold to the Falkland Islanders and
Page 210 and 211: Figure 9. Fort Brockhurst Bridge -
Page 212 and 213: Figure 13 Artist’s impression of
Page 214 and 215: Figure 21 View from bow after the w
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Page 219 and 220: 38 in total, included on the Norweg
Page 221 and 222: published a new version of their fi
Page 223 and 224: Figure 4. The turbines, one origina
Page 225 and 226: Author Vigdis Vingelsgaard Conserva
Page 227 and 228: Figure 2: 6200 locomotive on front
Page 229 and 230: Figure 4: Methyl bromide extinguish
Page 231 and 232: 2. Biological: Obvious biological h
Page 234: Finalizing Comments
Page 239 and 240: for us to think that the treatment
Page 241 and 242: certain product may quickly turn in
Page 244: Organising committee anDersen, vivi
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