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table 1. cont. Styrenebutadiene or synthetic latex For interior walls. The first plastic emulsion paint to enter the Danish market in early 1952. The only plastic binder which use has diminished, probably because it yellows, is more expensive than PVA and because Spred Satin could not be applied by roller. Acrylic All-round. Entered the Danish market in 1952. More popular for household paints than generally assumed. A co-polymerization of acrylics. Different variations developed. Most popular as emulsion, but also used in solution for industrial purposes. In 1957 Dyrup introduced the first plastic emulsion multi-colour paint in the world, called Multi-Plast. It consisted of both a water and PVA All-round, considered less durable than acrylics. Urea- and melamineformaldehyde / acid curing lacquers. Acid curing lacquers especially for furniture and floors. Urea- and melamineformaldehyde are widely used in high quality, all round, industrial stoving finishes for metal. The former often as primer, the latter often as top coat. Epoxy Industrial and professional use where excellent durability is needed, e.g. highly trafficked floors, bathrooms, domestic appliances in contact with chemicals. Polyurethanes / isocyanates Almost as epoxy but even better for outdoor purposes. white spirit phase. Polyvinylacetate. Required a plasticizer in the early days. In the 1960s this was solved by co-polymerization with a binder of lower Tg, e.g. vinyl chloride or acrylic esters. The co-polymers showed improved adhesion. To form a film at room temperature acids are added to the urea- and melamineformaldehyde, hence the name acid curing lacquer. Ajour, a system of different products for the industry, introduced in 1955 by Dyrup. Epoxy can be used with other binders or cross-linked by e.g. dicyandiamide, anhydrides or polyamines. Polymer of different isocyanates. Crosslinking can be catalyzed by adding e.g. tertiary amines. unknown Spred Satin (under licence from Glidden) Styrene-acrylics used for matt paints, floor lacquers etc. Alkyd could be added to improve adhesion. Allegedly, in some cases alkyd was added to improve adhesion. Combined with alkyd in acid curing lacquers. Very important are industrial stoving coatings combining urea- and melamineformaldehyde with acrylics, alkyds or polyester. Different types are available such as Epoxyester resins, epoxy-alkyd, epoxy-phenol, epoxyurea-formaldehyde or with acrylic co-polymers Urethane oil (e.g. castor oil) and urethane alkyd can be found. Dyrotex, Dyroton, Flutex, Catuplex, Multi-Plast, Dækso- Plast, Mill, Fluganyl gulvmaling. Sadosan, PV-A plastmaling, acidur emaille 247 Securit acid curing lacquer, Dyrolit emaille, plasticolor emaille. Epoxid emaille, Sadopox emaille, Flott gulvlak, Gå- Klar gulvlak DD-emaille, DUR emaille, Exodur emaille. 169
Figure 2. A time line shows the use of the different paint binders in the twentieth century in Denmark. The uses of the binders are not based on statistical material and are merely indicative. Notice that many of the dates are approximate. 170
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Preserving the evidence of industri
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Copyright: This publication is issu
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Table of contents Foreword ........
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Contributions KeynotespeaKers
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”The control and disciplination o
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uildings of this age. To sum up: Th
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need tons of cans to fully understa
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one of the first to be industrializ
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manufacture of billiard balls. Hyat
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have very similar characteristics;
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MACHINERIES were introduced, but al
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16) Goodman N., Langages de l’art
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Table 1. Collections containing pla
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Figure 2: A pile of transparent cel
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diisocyanate such as diphenylmethan
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Figure 7: Environmental Stress Crac
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Author Yvonne Shashoua Senior Resea
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Contributions
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Figure 1. H.A. Brendekilde, Odense
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weaving, the imported machine spun
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Figure 2. T. Kloss. Den danske eska
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Annemette B. Scharff, MSc. The Roya
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22. Eckersberg diaries, 29.7.1834:
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The St Just Coast Project 1995 - 20
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Prior to the St Just Coast Project
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shaft. Considering the considerable
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In 2005 the slipway at Cape Cornwal
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Figure 1: The EWO dosimeter holder
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Figure 2: EWO results reporting dia
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Figure 3: Correlation of EWO respon
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The EWO is available on direct orde
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Figure 2. Nature is back at coking
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3a 3b 3c 3d 3e 70 Figure 3a-e Being
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Table 2. Case studies location Hatt
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Flameproofed textiles in museums an
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y strong acidity created as an effe
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textile fibres, especially those of
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Cold storage as an alternative to m
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% of objects 100 90 80 70 60 50 40
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% of very brittle objects (3 hand f
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lie in the range of 20-25 euros per
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Preservation of sponsored films Int
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In the case of A & B rolls the diff
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Table 2. Advantages and disadvantag
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Table 3 “The preservation route
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The scientific committee considered
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DSCF 1304 Preservation of mass-prod
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Developing a policy and procedure f
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at the (very) occasional public ope
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• the object’s current conditio
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Polymers in watches manufactured in
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as a result of the Watch Valley con
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Figure 6. The Astrolon Watch “Ide
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of status of the watch is obvious i
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[26] Bergeon, S. Ethique et conserv
Page 120 and 121: Gramophones and Records - the first
Page 122 and 123: Record manufacturing process 1925-1
Page 124 and 125: Gramophones The reproducing machine
Page 126 and 127: Pickups (and cutterheads) are very
Page 128 and 129: USS Monitor conservation: preservin
Page 130 and 131: Figure 1: X-radiograph mosaic of US
Page 132 and 133: Figure 4: Detail of ventilation uni
Page 134 and 135: Figure 8: Detail of Monitor’s pac
Page 136: Authors Eric Nordgren, David Krop,
Page 139 and 140: Figure 2. The Ducretet inductor coi
Page 141 and 142: During its time in storage at the N
Page 143 and 144: Figure 8. Wigmore Castle after cons
Page 145 and 146: [14]Henderson, J. And P. Manti (200
Page 147 and 148: The instability of iron when subjec
Page 149 and 150: Fig. 2 Rust stains on the too-thinl
Page 151 and 152: Fig. 4 Some bicycles in use and in
Page 153 and 154: 5. Conservation options: Preserving
Page 156 and 157: Another look at painted finishes on
Page 158 and 159: the currency of the finishes. The w
Page 160 and 161: Figure 3 WW2 airplane with newly-pa
Page 162 and 163: paint chips that are simulated with
Page 164 and 165: Notes: 1. There are a few notable e
Page 166 and 167: Industrially produced paint and the
Page 168 and 169: twentieth century. In the same peri
Page 172 and 173: Figure 3. “A useful play!” is t
Page 174 and 175: Author Nynne Raunsgaard Sethia Den
Page 176 and 177: Protection of iron and steel in ind
Page 178 and 179: provided by the manufacturers indic
Page 180 and 181: Table 2: Suppliers for selected pro
Page 182 and 183: Table 3: Application, appearance an
Page 184 and 185: Figure 5: Impedance versus frequenc
Page 186: 3. Hollner, S., Mirambet, F., Rocca
Page 189 and 190: The choice of coating system depend
Page 191 and 192: Figure 4. Dockside crane No.16 Orth
Page 194 and 195: Recovering the Icon ? The restorati
Page 196 and 197: Fig 3: Early 20th century photograp
Page 198 and 199: Fig 8: New mercury-vapor rectifiers
Page 200 and 201: problematic since the colliery clos
Page 202 and 203: Despite all our rational attempts a
Page 204 and 205: Author Dipl.-Ing. Norbert Tempel, L
Page 206 and 207: The conservation of a Victorian shi
Page 208 and 209: sold to the Falkland Islanders and
Page 210 and 211: Figure 9. Fort Brockhurst Bridge -
Page 212 and 213: Figure 13 Artist’s impression of
Page 214 and 215: Figure 21 View from bow after the w
Page 216: [3] Transactions of the Institute o
Page 219 and 220: 38 in total, included on the Norweg
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published a new version of their fi
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Figure 4. The turbines, one origina
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Author Vigdis Vingelsgaard Conserva
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Figure 2: 6200 locomotive on front
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Figure 4: Methyl bromide extinguish
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2. Biological: Obvious biological h
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Finalizing Comments
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colliery engine house to have stain
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for us to think that the treatment
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certain product may quickly turn in
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Organising committee anDersen, vivi
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