dk nkf - Nordisk Konservatorforbund Danmark

More documents

Recommendations

Info

the same result you needed to “rub” as little as 25 times for the worst product and as much as 900 times for the most gentle. Storage and care of massproduced metal household utensils This part of the report gives useful information to non-professional staff and volunteers in their practical work. The recommendations follow normal guidelines for storage of metal objects in museums. The objects should be clean and kept in a “clean” and dry environment. They must be stored spaciously and handled with care. Advice of what not to do as well as recommendations for the use of carbon cloth and polyethylene plastic bags for certain objects are given. If these recommendations are followed we will be able to preserve a most interesting piece of our heritage reflecting all the “little things” that were produced for domestic use in the era of the industrial revolution in Western Europe. Plastic, the cultural heritage of tomorrow The second project dealing with mass-produced objects is devoted to plastics. During the last 50 years plastics has in many ways replaced the metal alloys that were used earlier, in mass-produced everyday products, for the household. Plastics are in many ways a functional and versatile material that can be shaped and formed into almost anything. The project has dealt with the following subjects: history of materials and production, analysis and identification of plastics, state of the museum collections, preventive and active conservation and is presented in a report. Plastic – an endless variety of monomers and fillers Plastics can be divided into three main groups; thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics and elastomers. Their behaviour and appearance can be varied through the use of different additives. It is complicated to identify plastics and the monomers of which they are constituted. A few simple tests are recommended which can give a quick classification of the product. To give an appropriate identification advanced technology is needed, as well as good reference systems. In this study over 600 objects have been examined with an infrared spectrometer, ATR-FTIR [8]. The results have been collected in a database for future use [9]. A review of relevant literature has been conducted and a technical introduction to the most common types of plastics is presented. Damage to plastic – a complicated issue The plastic materials that are used in everyday household utensils are seldom designed to have properties that make them last forever. A variety of damages occur, both chemical and structural. Many “new materials” have been tested during the last 50 years, and quite a lot of them are not stable to longterm storage. This is a challenge for the conservators today. The objects are often rare and represent a lot of information about the industrial production from the 20 th century. This is a growing problem definitely connected to all industrial mass-production. Today it might be even more complicated to find out how, and of which monomers and fillers the objects are produced, when the factories are often on the other side of the globe. A special problem in the museum collections is the emission of volatile components that can infect and migrate into nearby objects. Objects that have been in use and are worn have more damage than non-used objects. Composite objects of plastic and metal are often damaged because of the catalytic effect of metals causing deterioration. Damage is also frequent on objects made of polyvinylchloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU) and cellulose derivatives. It is stated that the thermosetting plastics are generally more stable than the thermoplastic. Storage and care of household utensils made from plastics Like all museum objects, plastic materials should be kept in a dark, clean and stable environment. However, compared to most objects, plastics need even more attention and care than this. Generally plastics should be stored at a low temperature (5° to 10° C), and in certain cases even 99
DSCF 1304 Preservation of mass-produced metal utility goods Photo; Swedish National Heritage Board below zero degrees centigrade to slow down chemical processes. Objects that can be expected to emit volatile gases must be kept separate and have good ventilation. Storage in non-oxygen environment can be an option for some types of plastics. This can be accomplished with AgeLess systems or special showcases containing an inert gas. To sum up, storage of plastics is complicated and demands special knowledge from the storage manager. It is also expensive because of the technical equipment, space and skilled personnel that are needed. We might also establish the fact that it is a rapidly growing problem, since plastics are the most common component in modern objects that are acquisitioned to the collections of cultural history museums. 100 Conclusion Collections of household utensils are large and common at nearly all cultural history museums, ranging from local historical houses to national museums. They tell us a lot about everyday life, production systems and changes in society. We may find the same objects made of different material, for example a plate made of wood and another made of metal or plastic, all with similar shape and use, but produced under different circumstances at different times. In many cases they have been so obvious and common that they have been disregarded as having interesting potential for scientific use, and neglected in the collections. The Swedish National Heritage Board has conducted two projects to raise awareness, as well as assemble and disseminate knowledge about this important part of our cultural heritage. The aim is to provide better requirements for the preservation of massproduced household utensils. The work has also raised awareness of the extensive problems expected DSCF 1305 Plastic. Cultural heritage of tomorrow Photo; Swedish National Heritage Board
Page 1 and 2:
Preserving the evidence of industri
Page 3 and 4:
Copyright: This publication is issu
Page 6 and 7:
Table of contents Foreword ........
Page 8:
Contributions KeynotespeaKers
Page 11 and 12:
”The control and disciplination o
Page 13 and 14:
uildings of this age. To sum up: Th
Page 15 and 16:
need tons of cans to fully understa
Page 17 and 18:
one of the first to be industrializ
Page 19 and 20:
manufacture of billiard balls. Hyat
Page 21 and 22:
have very similar characteristics;
Page 23 and 24:
MACHINERIES were introduced, but al
Page 25 and 26:
16) Goodman N., Langages de l’art
Page 27 and 28:
Table 1. Collections containing pla
Page 29 and 30:
Figure 2: A pile of transparent cel
Page 31 and 32:
diisocyanate such as diphenylmethan
Page 33 and 34:
Figure 7: Environmental Stress Crac
Page 35 and 36:
Author Yvonne Shashoua Senior Resea
Page 38:
Contributions
Page 41 and 42:
Figure 1. H.A. Brendekilde, Odense
Page 43 and 44:
weaving, the imported machine spun
Page 45 and 46:
Figure 2. T. Kloss. Den danske eska
Page 47 and 48:
Annemette B. Scharff, MSc. The Roya
Page 49 and 50: 22. Eckersberg diaries, 29.7.1834:
Page 52 and 53: The St Just Coast Project 1995 - 20
Page 54 and 55: Prior to the St Just Coast Project
Page 56 and 57: shaft. Considering the considerable
Page 58: In 2005 the slipway at Cape Cornwal
Page 61 and 62: Figure 1: The EWO dosimeter holder
Page 63 and 64: Figure 2: EWO results reporting dia
Page 65 and 66: Figure 3: Correlation of EWO respon
Page 67 and 68: The EWO is available on direct orde
Page 69 and 70: Figure 2. Nature is back at coking
Page 71 and 72: 3a 3b 3c 3d 3e 70 Figure 3a-e Being
Page 73 and 74: Table 2. Case studies location Hatt
Page 76 and 77: Flameproofed textiles in museums an
Page 78 and 79: y strong acidity created as an effe
Page 80 and 81: textile fibres, especially those of
Page 82 and 83: Cold storage as an alternative to m
Page 84 and 85: % of objects 100 90 80 70 60 50 40
Page 86 and 87: % of very brittle objects (3 hand f
Page 88 and 89: lie in the range of 20-25 euros per
Page 90 and 91: Preservation of sponsored films Int
Page 92 and 93: In the case of A & B rolls the diff
Page 94 and 95: Table 2. Advantages and disadvantag
Page 96: Table 3 “The preservation route
Page 99: The scientific committee considered
Page 104 and 105: Developing a policy and procedure f
Page 106 and 107: at the (very) occasional public ope
Page 108 and 109: • the object’s current conditio
Page 110 and 111: Polymers in watches manufactured in
Page 112 and 113: as a result of the Watch Valley con
Page 114 and 115: Figure 6. The Astrolon Watch “Ide
Page 116 and 117: of status of the watch is obvious i
Page 118 and 119: [26] Bergeon, S. Ethique et conserv
Page 120 and 121: Gramophones and Records - the first
Page 122 and 123: Record manufacturing process 1925-1
Page 124 and 125: Gramophones The reproducing machine
Page 126 and 127: Pickups (and cutterheads) are very
Page 128 and 129: USS Monitor conservation: preservin
Page 130 and 131: Figure 1: X-radiograph mosaic of US
Page 132 and 133: Figure 4: Detail of ventilation uni
Page 134 and 135: Figure 8: Detail of Monitor’s pac
Page 136: Authors Eric Nordgren, David Krop,
Page 139 and 140: Figure 2. The Ducretet inductor coi
Page 141 and 142: During its time in storage at the N
Page 143 and 144: Figure 8. Wigmore Castle after cons
Page 145 and 146: [14]Henderson, J. And P. Manti (200
Page 147 and 148: The instability of iron when subjec
Page 149 and 150: Fig. 2 Rust stains on the too-thinl
Page 151 and 152:
Fig. 4 Some bicycles in use and in
Page 153 and 154:
5. Conservation options: Preserving
Page 156 and 157:
Another look at painted finishes on
Page 158 and 159:
the currency of the finishes. The w
Page 160 and 161:
Figure 3 WW2 airplane with newly-pa
Page 162 and 163:
paint chips that are simulated with
Page 164 and 165:
Notes: 1. There are a few notable e
Page 166 and 167:
Industrially produced paint and the
Page 168 and 169:
twentieth century. In the same peri
Page 170 and 171:
table 1. cont. Styrenebutadiene or
Page 172 and 173:
Figure 3. “A useful play!” is t
Page 174 and 175:
Author Nynne Raunsgaard Sethia Den
Page 176 and 177:
Protection of iron and steel in ind
Page 178 and 179:
provided by the manufacturers indic
Page 180 and 181:
Table 2: Suppliers for selected pro
Page 182 and 183:
Table 3: Application, appearance an
Page 184 and 185:
Figure 5: Impedance versus frequenc
Page 186:
3. Hollner, S., Mirambet, F., Rocca
Page 189 and 190:
The choice of coating system depend
Page 191 and 192:
Figure 4. Dockside crane No.16 Orth
Page 194 and 195:
Recovering the Icon ? The restorati
Page 196 and 197:
Fig 3: Early 20th century photograp
Page 198 and 199:
Fig 8: New mercury-vapor rectifiers
Page 200 and 201:
problematic since the colliery clos
Page 202 and 203:
Despite all our rational attempts a
Page 204 and 205:
Author Dipl.-Ing. Norbert Tempel, L
Page 206 and 207:
The conservation of a Victorian shi
Page 208 and 209:
sold to the Falkland Islanders and
Page 210 and 211:
Figure 9. Fort Brockhurst Bridge -
Page 212 and 213:
Figure 13 Artist’s impression of
Page 214 and 215:
Figure 21 View from bow after the w
Page 216:
[3] Transactions of the Institute o
Page 219 and 220:
38 in total, included on the Norweg
Page 221 and 222:
published a new version of their fi
Page 223 and 224:
Figure 4. The turbines, one origina
Page 225 and 226:
Author Vigdis Vingelsgaard Conserva
Page 227 and 228:
Figure 2: 6200 locomotive on front
Page 229 and 230:
Figure 4: Methyl bromide extinguish
Page 231 and 232:
2. Biological: Obvious biological h
Page 234:
Finalizing Comments
Page 237 and 238:
colliery engine house to have stain
Page 239 and 240:
for us to think that the treatment
Page 241 and 242:
certain product may quickly turn in
Page 244:
Organising committee anDersen, vivi
show all

dk nkf - Nordisk Konservatorforbund Danmark

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?