ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS - International Recovery Platform
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS - International Recovery Platform
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS - International Recovery Platform
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<strong><strong>AND</strong>AMAN</strong> <strong>AND</strong> <strong>NICOBAR</strong> ISL<strong>AND</strong>S<br />
(INDIA)<br />
POST TSUNAMI<br />
RESTORATION /RECONSTRUCTION<br />
(Housing)<br />
By<br />
Dharam Pal<br />
Commissioner Relief & Rehablitation<br />
JANUARY 2007<br />
1
CHENNAI<br />
1190 KMS<br />
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
KOLKATA<br />
VIZAG<br />
1200 KMS<br />
MYANMAR<br />
2<br />
1255 KMS<br />
600 kms<br />
3<br />
COCO<br />
ISL<strong>AND</strong>S<br />
45 kms<br />
66 hours by sea<br />
56 hours hours by sea<br />
Andaman and Nicobar Islands<br />
60 hours by sea<br />
INDONESIA<br />
163 kms
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
3
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
4
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
5
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
6
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
7
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
<strong><strong>AND</strong>AMAN</strong> <strong>AND</strong> <strong>NICOBAR</strong> ISL<strong>AND</strong>S AT A GLANCE<br />
Geographical area : 8249 sq Km (Length - 726 Km)<br />
Total islands : 572<br />
Inhabited Islands : 38<br />
Coast Line<br />
: 1962 Km<br />
(1/4 of India’s 7500 Km)<br />
Exclusive Economic Zone : 6 Lakhs Sq Km<br />
(EEZ)<br />
(1/4 of India’s 22 lakh Sq Km)<br />
Forest Cover<br />
: 92 % ( Notified + Deemed)<br />
(India – 21%)<br />
Seismic Zone<br />
: V (Most severe)<br />
Population : 356000<br />
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) :18 (India – 60)<br />
Literacy : 81% (M- 86%, F- 75%)<br />
Average Annual Rainfall : 3200 mm<br />
Gross Per Capita Income (2002-03)<br />
at current price : Rs. 30,878/- ( $686)<br />
at constant price : Rs. 17,547/- ($390)<br />
8
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
FOREST COVER<br />
<strong><strong>AND</strong>AMAN</strong><br />
DISTRICT<br />
Andaman Islands<br />
9<br />
10
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
26th DECEMBER 2004<br />
•<br />
• EARTHQUAKE & TSUNAMI<br />
• 6:29 AM<br />
• Magnitude 9.3<br />
• Epicenter : Sumatra<br />
• 163 Km from Great Nicobar<br />
• 2nd most severe since 1900<br />
• 22 tremors of +5 on 26 Dec 04<br />
10
Impact<br />
Andaman and Nicobar<br />
of Tsunami<br />
Administration<br />
GEOMORPHOLOGICAL<br />
CHANGES<br />
• Islands have physically moved horizontally by 2 to 3<br />
meter in South-Westerly direction towards the mainland<br />
and rotated in anticlockwise direction<br />
• Southern Group( Great Nicobar) has sunk by about 1.4 to<br />
1.5 meter- Coast line has moved inland<br />
• The Northern group has risen by about 0.5 m and 0.8-<br />
Coast line has receded<br />
• This has caused submergence of 4000 hectare of<br />
agriculture land under water<br />
11
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
TSUNAMI IMPACT<br />
12
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
TSUNAMI IMPACT<br />
At Carnicobar<br />
Air Force Station, Carnicobar<br />
At Katchal Island<br />
Jetty at Hut Bay, Little Andaman<br />
13
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
TSUNAMI IMPACT<br />
14
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCES<br />
• Damage to roads and bridges<br />
OF EARTHQUAKE /TSUNAMI<br />
• Damages to ports, jetties and ships<br />
• Damage to water supply<br />
• Damage to fields and settlement<br />
• Damage to communication links<br />
• Damages to Power supply<br />
15
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
LOSS OF LIVES<br />
Dead & Missing<br />
Adults<br />
Children<br />
Male<br />
Female<br />
Tribals<br />
Non-Tribals<br />
3527<br />
2350<br />
1177<br />
1738<br />
1789<br />
2964<br />
563<br />
Orphan – 165 (M-90, F-75)<br />
Widows – 214<br />
Single parent children – 241 (M-134, F-107)<br />
In the country about 10000 people died due<br />
to tsunami<br />
16
11°44'0"N<br />
11°40'0"N<br />
11°36'0"N<br />
Andaman Sea<br />
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
Submerged land due to Tsunami - Port Blair area<br />
92°0'0"E 94°0'0"E<br />
17<br />
Legend<br />
Port Blair Bay<br />
92°40'0"E<br />
Submersed Land<br />
92°44'0"E<br />
11°36'0"N<br />
11°40'0"N<br />
11°44'0"N<br />
1. Govindapuram<br />
2. Mithakhari<br />
3. Ograbaraj<br />
4. Choudari<br />
5. Sipighat<br />
6. Garacharma<br />
7. Dollygunj<br />
1<br />
8°0'0"N<br />
8°0'0"N<br />
10°0'0"N<br />
10°0'0"N<br />
PortBlair Bay<br />
12°0'0"N<br />
12°0'0"N 14°0'0"N<br />
3<br />
2<br />
Andaman & Nicobar Islands<br />
4<br />
5<br />
7<br />
6<br />
92°0'0"E<br />
94°0'0"E<br />
92°40'0"E<br />
92°44'0"E
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
TSUNAMI DAMAGES AT A GLANCE<br />
Houses Damaged - 9797 (46,000 persons)<br />
Damage assessment - Rs. . 3300 cr.($733m)<br />
Physical damages<br />
Jetties & Wharfs - 56<br />
Power Houses - 37 MW<br />
Roads - 210 KM<br />
Shipping Vessels - 9<br />
Fishing Boats - 2103<br />
Schools - 85<br />
Agricultural Land - 8069 Hectares<br />
Health Centres - 34<br />
Livestock - 1,57,577<br />
18
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
RELIEF <strong>AND</strong> REHABILITATION<br />
INTERIM STEPS<br />
Air Sorties for transporting<br />
Relief Materials and Personnel - 1032<br />
Emergency Relief Camps<br />
No. of relief camps - 207<br />
Persons - 46000<br />
Intermediate shelters<br />
No. of shelters made - 9565<br />
Time taken - 3 months<br />
Locations - 58<br />
Materials transported from mainland -<br />
15000 MT<br />
Ration provided - 9,700 Families<br />
Total Relief Material transported - 46000 MT<br />
19
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
TSUNAMI RELIEF RESPONSE<br />
20
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
21
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
INTERMEDIATE SHELTERS<br />
22
INTERMEDIATE SHELTERS<br />
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
INTERMEDIATE SHELTERS<br />
SOUTH <strong><strong>AND</strong>AMAN</strong><br />
Units :729,<br />
4 LOCATIONS<br />
LITTLE <strong><strong>AND</strong>AMAN</strong><br />
Units : 1950<br />
4 LOCATIONS<br />
CAR<strong>NICOBAR</strong><br />
Units : 4184,<br />
15 LOCATIONS<br />
KATCHAL<br />
Units : 315,<br />
4 LOCATIONS<br />
TERESSA<br />
Units :820<br />
9 LOCATIONS<br />
KAMORTA &<br />
NANCOWRY<br />
Units :735,<br />
14 LOCATIONS<br />
Total No:9565<br />
Locations: 58<br />
GREAT <strong>NICOBAR</strong><br />
Units : 1179,<br />
7 LOCATIONS<br />
23
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
SPECIAL FEATURES OF INTERMEDIATE<br />
SHELTERS<br />
• Simple Design and easy to by build by beneficiaries<br />
themselves<br />
• Cyclone resistant – Designed to with stand Wind Velocity<br />
of about 140KMPH<br />
• Earthquake resistant – Seismic Zone V condition<br />
• Constructed within 3 month<br />
• Electricity, water, playgrounds community centers<br />
• Rainwater harvesting provisions<br />
• Average covered area- 23 m 2 including Toilet & Kitchen<br />
and Joint family unit of 90 sq mtr<br />
• Roofing CGI sheets<br />
• Walling CGI sheets<br />
• Frame of steel or wooden posts<br />
24
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
INTERMEDIATE SHELTERS<br />
25
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
MAJOR HIHLIGHTS OF RELIEF<br />
PHASE<br />
• Relief camp sites(207) finalized within 24 hours and people<br />
started arriving immediately thereafter<br />
• Provisions made for Food, clothes, medicines for camps<br />
• Power and water supply restored in camp areas<br />
• No outbreak of any epidemic<br />
• Intermediate shelters completed in 3 months and people housed<br />
by April 2005 before onset of monsoon season<br />
• Restoration of education at all islands- provision for schools<br />
made in shelters itself<br />
• Free ration continue to be supplied to affected families till date<br />
• Tourists evacuated safely to the mainland<br />
26
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
CHALLENGES OF CONSTRUCTION IN ISL<strong>AND</strong>S<br />
• SCATTERED ISL<strong>AND</strong>S<br />
• DISTANCE FROM MAIN L<strong>AND</strong> – 1200 KMS<br />
• CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL: TRANSPORTATION FROM MAIN L<strong>AND</strong><br />
• JETTIES AT CHOWRA, TERRESSA, KATCHAL & NANCOWRY CAN<br />
NOT H<strong>AND</strong>LE CARGO SHIPS. 23 OUT OF 27 SITES REQUIRE<br />
TRANSPORTATION THROUGH STEVEDORING<br />
• STEVEDORING QUITE RISKY DURING ROUGH WEATHER<br />
CONDITIONS.<br />
• LIMITED WORKING SEASON – 4-55 MONTHS( Heavy rains)<br />
• DISINCLINATION OF LABOUR <strong>AND</strong> STAFF TO WORK IN REMOTE<br />
ISL<strong>AND</strong>S<br />
27
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
CHALLENGES.. Construction of permanent shelters<br />
CHALLENGES..<br />
transportation of machinery and<br />
materials by ship<br />
Island separated by vast stretches of sea<br />
Rough sea conditions<br />
transportation by pontoons and small boats<br />
from ship to shore<br />
In remote Transportation areas, of materials transported by ship<br />
on<br />
head load<br />
Transportation of materials in Kamorta Island<br />
28
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
CHALLENGES…<br />
Transportation of Men by Pontoons<br />
No jetty facilities at Little Nicobar Island<br />
Approaches in Little Nicobar<br />
Carriage of materials by Head<br />
load in Onge Tikry<br />
29
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE RESTORATION AT A GLANCE<br />
PORTS & JETTIES<br />
Jetties /WHARFS Dropped 56 49<br />
4<br />
Under Progress 3<br />
DAMAGED RSTRD<br />
Temporary jetties constructed 2<br />
POWER<br />
Power houses 28 10+18<br />
Capacity revived/added 37 37 MW<br />
T&D Lines 273 273 km<br />
Work awarded for 12.75 MW capacity additions at 4 sites<br />
ROADS<br />
Roads restored for traffic<br />
Road restoration in progress<br />
New Roads under construction<br />
210 km badly and 143 km partially damaged<br />
142 km<br />
211km<br />
134 km<br />
30
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
PORTS and JETTIES<br />
BAMBOO FLAT JETTY AFTER TSUNAMI<br />
BAMBOO FLAT NOW<br />
MUS JETU CAR<strong>NICOBAR</strong><br />
MUS JETT NOW<br />
31
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
PORTS and JETTIES……<br />
Kamorta jetty after<br />
tsunami<br />
Kamorta jetty now<br />
DAMAGED<br />
BREAKWATER<br />
JETTY<br />
DAMAGED WHARF<br />
APPROACH<br />
HutBAY jetty after Tsunami<br />
Hut Bay jetty now<br />
32
ROADS And Andaman<br />
BUNDS and Nicobar Administration<br />
RESTORATION<br />
WORKS<br />
Restoration of earthen bund,<br />
Dunduspoint,<br />
Approach roads to intermediate shelter,<br />
Nejappa Nagar, , Little Andaman Island<br />
Marine drive Road, Port Blair<br />
33
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
NEW INITIATIVES IN AGRICULTURE<br />
34
HEALTH<br />
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE<br />
DAMAGED RESTORED/COMPlt<br />
Primary Health Centers rebuilt 4 3<br />
Sub-Centers restored/constructed 30 28<br />
Doctors strength in Southern group - 17<br />
(Pre-tsunami<br />
– 12)<br />
TELEMEDICINE LINK with CAR<strong>NICOBAR</strong> ESTABLISHED<br />
EDUCATION<br />
schools 85<br />
Completed - 21<br />
Work in progress - 10<br />
Repaired - 34<br />
Teachers recruited after tsunami -<br />
-<br />
387<br />
WELFARE<br />
Anganwadies restored 70 70<br />
New Old Age pensions in Tsunami affected areas - 715<br />
New Widow Pensions in Tsunami affected areas - 458<br />
Supplementary nutrition at Intermediate shelters<br />
(To young children and lactating mothers)<br />
Children covered - 2754<br />
Women covered - 526<br />
35
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
PERMANENT HOUSES AT A GLANCE<br />
Andaman<br />
& Nicobar<br />
Islands<br />
Total Units – 9797<br />
‣South Andaman – 2796<br />
‣Nicobar District – 7001<br />
Islands – 10<br />
Locations – 70<br />
Area of unit – 450 Sq.Ft.<br />
Per unit cost – Rs. 9.7 Lakhs<br />
($21,000)<br />
Agencies Involved in Works<br />
‣Central<br />
Public Works Department<br />
(CPWD)<br />
‣Andaman Public Works Department<br />
(APWD)<br />
‣Non Government Organisations (NGOs)<br />
South Andaman - 823<br />
Little Andaman - 1973<br />
Car Nicobar - 3941<br />
Chowra-346<br />
Teressa - 506<br />
Kamorta - 518<br />
Katchal - 315 Nancowry - 269<br />
L/Nicobar - 111<br />
Great Nicobar - 995 36
SPECIFICATIONS<br />
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
DESIGNS & LAYOUT PLANS<br />
• Foundation<br />
RCC<br />
• Superstructure Steel Frame<br />
• Flooring<br />
‣ Stilt Processed Bamboo Board<br />
‣ Non Stilt Cement Concrete<br />
• Walls<br />
‣ External Wooden Planks<br />
‣ Internal Processed Bamboo Board<br />
• Roofing<br />
CGI Sheets<br />
• Ceiling Processed Bamboo Board<br />
• Door / Window Bamboo – Jute Profiles<br />
EXTERNAL DEVELOPMENT<br />
• Water Supply Distribution System<br />
• Paths connecting each house to main road<br />
• Sewer Lines<br />
• Street Lights<br />
• Storm Water Drains<br />
• Rain Water Harvesting<br />
37
• PRIMARY SCHOOLS<br />
• MIDDLE SCHOOL<br />
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
COMMUNITY FACILITIES<br />
TYPE OF BUILDING<br />
• HIGH/SR. SECONDARY SCHOOL<br />
AREA OF EACH<br />
UNIT (Sq. Mtr.)<br />
200<br />
500<br />
2500<br />
NUMBERS<br />
20<br />
2<br />
5<br />
• PHC<br />
• VETENARY DISPENSARY<br />
• MARKET<br />
• ADULT LEARNING CENTRE<br />
• BIRTH HOUSE<br />
• DEATH HOUSE<br />
• COMMUNITY HALL<br />
• RECREATION/ YOUTH CLUB<br />
• NEIGHBOURHOOD SHOPPING<br />
• POLICE STATION<br />
• FIRE STATION<br />
• QRS. FOR POLICE, HEALTH CENTRE & SCHOOL<br />
STAFF<br />
150<br />
250<br />
400/150<br />
250<br />
80/100<br />
40<br />
190/300<br />
50/80<br />
50/80<br />
300<br />
300<br />
45<br />
23<br />
2<br />
1/8<br />
3<br />
32/15<br />
43<br />
31/15<br />
28/15<br />
30/15<br />
2<br />
2<br />
90<br />
38
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
CONSULTATION PROCESS IN<br />
EVOLUTION OF DESIGN<br />
• Three rounds of consultation with Local<br />
People, Tribal Councils, Rep. of Local Self<br />
Governments, M.P, <strong>AND</strong> NGOs<br />
• Extensive Interaction among<br />
Administration, Experts & Locals/ Tribal<br />
Councils<br />
• Group of Experts were involved in<br />
housing design<br />
39
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
KEY PARAMETERS OF<br />
CONCEPT & DESIGN<br />
• Space & Functional requirements<br />
• Living style of Local people<br />
• Design acceptability to Locals<br />
• Eco-friendly construction<br />
• Ease & Speed of construction<br />
40
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
Continued….<br />
• Easy and least maintenance<br />
• Less labour intensive<br />
• Lightest & Safe structures in Earth-quake<br />
and cyclone prone area<br />
• Cost effective<br />
41
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
SETTING UP OF PROTO TYPE<br />
MODELS IN DIFFERENT ISL<strong>AND</strong>S<br />
• As a result of deliberations ,model Houses of different<br />
designs were constructed at:<br />
‣ Little Andaman - 2 Models<br />
‣ Car - Nicobar - 1 Model<br />
‣ Kamorta<br />
- 3 Models<br />
‣ Great – Nicobar - 1 Model<br />
42
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
PROTO TYPE DESIGNS CONSTRUCTED<br />
AT Little Andaman<br />
At Kamorta Island<br />
FINAL DESIGN AFTER FEEDBACK <strong>AND</strong><br />
INCORPORATION OF SUGGESTION BY<br />
THE BENEFICIARIES<br />
Stilt House Model at Chennai for<br />
Carnicobarl<br />
At Kamorta Island<br />
43
Name of the<br />
Island<br />
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
ISL<strong>AND</strong> WISE STATUS AS ON 28.12.06<br />
Total No.of<br />
Permanent<br />
Shelter<br />
Excavation<br />
Completed<br />
Concrete<br />
Pedestal<br />
Completed<br />
Grade<br />
Beam<br />
Completed<br />
Target date<br />
of final<br />
Completion<br />
of<br />
Foundation<br />
South<br />
Andaman<br />
823<br />
420<br />
333<br />
242<br />
28.02.07<br />
Little<br />
Andaman<br />
1973<br />
382<br />
306<br />
207<br />
31.03.07<br />
Car Nicobar<br />
3941<br />
2510<br />
1885<br />
1684<br />
10.06.07<br />
Chowra<br />
346<br />
NIL<br />
NIL<br />
NIL<br />
30.07.07<br />
Teressa<br />
506<br />
306<br />
274<br />
246<br />
20.03.07<br />
Kamorta<br />
518<br />
152<br />
98<br />
81<br />
30.06.07<br />
Nancowry<br />
269<br />
109<br />
98<br />
88<br />
30.06.07<br />
Katchal<br />
315<br />
247<br />
237<br />
219<br />
20.01.07<br />
Little Nicobar<br />
111<br />
NIL<br />
NIL<br />
NIL<br />
-<br />
Great Nicobar<br />
995<br />
30<br />
20<br />
10<br />
-<br />
Total<br />
9797<br />
4156<br />
3251<br />
2777<br />
44
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
ONLINE MONITORING SYSTEM<br />
FOR CONSTRUCTION OF<br />
PERMANENT SHELTERS<br />
www. andaman.gov.in<br />
45
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
ISSUES<br />
• Land Use Policies<br />
• Design of Permanent Houses<br />
• Livelihood linkages with Permanent Houses<br />
• Use of Local Construction Material<br />
• Allotment of Houses and Ownership<br />
• Development of Community Facilities and<br />
Connectivity.<br />
• Long term maintenance and repair of<br />
Permanent Houses<br />
• New Life styles and occupational changes<br />
46
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
OFFLINE SHORT PRESENTATION ON<br />
THE PROGRESS OF CONSTRUCTION<br />
OF PERMANENT HOUSES<br />
47
Andaman and Nicobar Administration<br />
Every crisis is an opportunity<br />
Let us make best use of it..<br />
41<br />
48
Thank You<br />
49
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