Computational Mechanics Research and Support for Aerodynamics ...

Figure 2.22: Velocity distribution across trough section of the multi-phase model for 6 inch water depth
.................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 2.23: Velocity distribution across trough section of the multi-phase model for 9 inch water depth
.................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 2.24: Multi-phase model vs. full flume single phase model illustrating velocity distribution across
trough section for 6 inch water depth ........................................................................................................ 34
Figure 2.25: CFD velocity contour plot with ADV cut area (upper) vs. ADV velocity contour plot (lower)
for 6 inch water depth on the trough section ............................................................................................ 35
Figure 2.26: CFD velocity contour plot with PIV cut area (upper) vs. PIV velocity contour plot (lower) for
6 inch water depth on the trough section .................................................................................................. 36
Figure 2.27: CFD velocity contour plot with ADV cut area (upper) vs. ADV velocity contour plot (lower)
for 9 inch water depth on the trough section ............................................................................................ 37
Figure 2.28: 90% single phase CFD velocity contour plot with PIV cut area from (upper) vs. PIV velocity
contour plot (lower) for 6 inch water depth on the trough section ........................................................... 38
Figure 3.1: Egression of the salt-water air mixture into the air outside of the vehicle forming two side-ofvehicle
clouds and a rear undercarriage cloud [1] ...................................................................................... 40
Figure 3.2: Parcel distribution for trailer without flaps [3] ........................................................................ 41
Figure 3.3: Parcel distribution for trailer with flaps [3] ............................................................................. 42
Figure 3.4: Sampling domain [3] ................................................................................................................ 43
Figure 3.5: Setup for analysis of the air movement under the bridge ........................................................ 46
Figure 3.6: Behavior of tracer particles at the level of the wheel axis ....................................................... 48
Figure 3.7: Behavior of tracer particles at the level of the engine hood .................................................... 49
Figure 3.8: Behavior of tracer particles at the level of the windshield ....................................................... 50
Figure 3.9: Behavior of tracer particles at the level of the top surface of the trailer ................................. 51
Figure 3.10: Close up view of the velocity vectors ..................................................................................... 52
Figure 3.11: Velocity vectors in the middle cross section of the air domain .............................................. 53
Figure 3.12: Single unit rigid vehicle [1] ...................................................................................................... 61
Figure 3.13: Mass-less nodes moving on a beam element ......................................................................... 61
Figure 3.14: Motion of block attached with spring elements ..................................................................... 62
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