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Figure 3.15: Wind loading applied at the side of the block ........................................................................ 62 Figure 3.16: Displacement graph of block model with vertical springs and horizontal load ...................... 62 Figure 3.17: FEM Model of a Ford F-800 truck obtained from NCAC [2] .................................................... 63 Figure 3.18: FEM model modified according to the analysis ...................................................................... 63 Figure 3.19: Graph of free displacement of truck on the suspension ........................................................ 64 Figure 3.20: Displacement graph of various damped values ...................................................................... 64 Figure 3.21 Schematic of Electromagnetic Shock Absorber (Obtained from Ref. [1]) ............................... 65 Figure 3.22: Plot of the Desired Force, based upon the states ................................................................... 67 Figure 3.23: Plot of the EMSA force ............................................................................................................ 67 Figure 3.24: Schematic of the road profile data ......................................................................................... 68 Figure 3.25: Actual road profile plot ........................................................................................................... 68 Figure 3.26: Plot of reaction force vs. the prescribed motion .................................................................... 70 Figure 3.27: Plot of force vs. displacement, for displacements less than 15 mm ...................................... 70 Figure 3.28 Strength envelope in terms of yield surface- second invariant of deviatoric stress and pressure ...................................................................................................................................................... 72 Figure 3.29 Initial scour shape based on STAR-CCM+ calculation .............................................................. 73 Figure 3.30 Finite Element model of the scour hole – initial state ............................................................. 74 Figure 3.31 Finite Element model of the scour hole – final state ............................................................... 74 Figure 3.32 Comparison of the initial and the final shape of the scour hole ............................................. 75 TRACC/TFHRC Y1Q3 Page 6
List of Tables Table 2.1: Boundary conditions ................................................................................................................. 18 Table 2.2: Details of the various meshes used in the mesh refinement study .......................................... 21 Table 2.3: Flow conditions ......................................................................................................................... 32 Table 3.1: Water content in sampling domain generated by a GCM traveling at 29 m/s (65 mph) [1] ..... 43 Table 3.2: Cloud material densities generated by a GCM traveling at 29 m/s (65 mph) ........................... 43 Table 3.3 Statistics of the FE model of the bridge ...................................................................................... 46 Table 3.4 RMS value comparison between passive and active systems .................................................... 69 Table 3.5 Total mass values for F800 truck model ..................................................................................... 69 TRACC/TFHRC Y1Q3 Page 7
Page 1 and 2: ANL/ESD/11-39 Computational Mechani
Page 3 and 4: ANL/ESD/11-39 Computational Mechani
Page 5 and 6: Computational Mechanics Research an
Page 7 and 8: 3.3.4. Simplifying Assumptions ....
Page 9: Figure 2.22: Velocity distribution
Page 13 and 14: experiments at TFHRC continued. A m
Page 15 and 16: 2. Computational Fluid Dynamics for
Page 17 and 18: ( ) ( ) (2.8) where A 0, A 1, and n
Page 19 and 20: efine the rate function to improve
Page 21 and 22: The objective of this work is to de
Page 23 and 24: 2.3.2. Mesh Refinement Study As det
Page 25 and 26: Table 2.2: Details of the various m
Page 27 and 28: indicating the surface averaged vel
Page 29 and 30: Figure 2.13: Line probes created at
Page 31 and 32: In Figure 2.15 the velocity and the
Page 33 and 34: Mesh 1 Mesh 2 Mesh 3 Mesh 4 Mesh 5
Page 35 and 36: Figure 2.20: Dimensional details of
Page 37 and 38: Figure 2.22: Velocity distribution
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2.25: CFD velocity contour p
Page 41 and 42: Figure 2.27: CFD velocity contour p
Page 43 and 44: Conclusions for Comparison with Exp
Page 45 and 46: 3.1.1.1. Approach To date, an initi
Page 47 and 48: Figure 3.4: Sampling domain [3] A c
Page 49 and 50: present. In addition during the sum
Page 51 and 52: For each level, the figures below s
Page 53 and 54: 0.0 sec 0.5 sec 1.0 sec 1.5 sec 2.0
Page 59 and 60: 3.2.1. Vehicle Stability under High
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̇ = steer angle These equations co
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̈ With the success to the above an
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command. This requires the creation
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Figure 3.17: FEM Model of a Ford F-
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3) Chen, F. and Chen, S., “Assess
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75 50 25 Force (N) 0 -25 -50 -75 -1
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while the passive system has fixed
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the controllable EMSA. Simulations
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4. Build a shell container with the
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Figure 3.32 Comparison of the initi
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