Pathophysiology of Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome

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ABNORMALITIES OF GAS FLOW 1 Anatomic abnormalities lead to increased upper airway resistance compared to meso and dolicocephalic animals Turbulent flow of gas is more likely Dogs and cats prefer to breathe through the nose Resistance is reduced with mouth breathing but there is loss of nasal function (humidification, filtration of particulate material, reduced olfactory function)
ABNORMALITIES OF GAS FLOW 2 Increased resistance and turbulent flow (rather than laminar flow) increase the amount of driving pressure required to move gas Increased driving pressure requires increased work by respiratory muscles
Page 1 and 2: David Cook ANZCVS Resident’ Forum
Page 3: PRIMARY ABNORMALITIES 2 Stenotic N
Page 7 and 8: LAMINAR GAS FLOW EQUATION Increase
Page 9 and 10: REYNOLDS NUMBER Predicts laminar o
Page 11 and 12: AIRWAY RESISTANCE IN NORMAL DOGS I
Page 13 and 14: CHRONIC CHANGES TO AIRWAY RESISTANC
Page 15 and 16: RESPIRATORY STRATEGY OF BAS DOGS 1
Page 17 and 18: WHAT IS PLETHYSMOGRAPHY Pressure m
Page 19 and 20: Bernaerts 2010 Vet J
Page 21 and 22: BLOOG GAS ABNORMALITIES 2 Most abn
Page 23 and 24: CYTOKINE ABNORMALITIES 1 Rancan 20
Page 25 and 26: ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS 1 Planellas 2
Page 27 and 28: CONCURRENT CARDIAC DISEASE Affecte
Page 29 and 30: STENOTIC NARES
Page 31 and 32: SOFT PALATE Soft palate arises fro
Page 33 and 34: SOFT PALATE PHYSIOLOGY Sensory com
Page 35 and 36: SOFT PALATE CHANGES 2 Grand 2011 f
Page 37 and 38: Ginn 2008
Page 39 and 40: Clarke 2011
Page 41 and 42: HYPOPLASTIC TRACHEA 3 Pink 2006 re
Page 43 and 44: HYPOPLASTIC TRACHEA 5 Infectious a
Page 45 and 46: PHARYNGEAL CHANGES 1 In humans, pa
Page 47 and 48: PHARYNGEAL CHANGES 3 Rat models su
Page 49 and 50: LARYNGEAL SACCULES 1 Saccule = muc
Page 51 and 52: Cantatore 2012
Page 53 and 54: LARYNGEAL COLLAPSE Stages of colla
Page 55 and 56:
LARYNGEAL COLLAPSE 2 Pink describe
Page 57 and 58:
LARYNGEAL COLLAPSE 3 Collapse of t
Page 59 and 60:
DYNAMIC LOWER AIRWAY DISEASE 1 Col
Page 61 and 62:
DYNAMIC LOWER AIRWAY DISEASE 2 Pro
Page 63 and 64:
DYNAMIC LOWER AIRWAY DISEASE 4 Inc
Page 65 and 66:
Poncet 2005
Page 67 and 68:
GASTROINTESTINAL 3 Oesophageal cha
Page 69 and 70:
GASTROINTESTINAL 5 Duodenum Unabl
Page 71 and 72:
GASTROINTESTINAL 6 2 dogs had no G
Page 73 and 74:
ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA 1 Generally b
Page 75 and 76:
ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA 3 Bacterial p
Page 77 and 78:
PULMONARY OEDEMA Pulmonary oedema
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Pathophysiology of Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome

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