Pathophysiology of Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome

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ENERGY REQUIRED FOR BREATHING Change in pressure required Laminar flow ΔP ≈ Q x R Turbulent flow ΔP ≈ Q 2 X R Where ΔP represents the required effort <strong>of</strong> breathing and is close to the difference between atmospheric pressure and intrapleural pressure (= transpulmonary pressure)
AIRWAY RESISTANCE IN NORMAL DOGS Inspiration 79% nasal 6% laryngeal 15% small airway Expiration 74% nasal 3% laryngeal 23% small airway
Page 1 and 2: David Cook ANZCVS Resident’ Forum
Page 3 and 4: PRIMARY ABNORMALITIES 2 Stenotic N
Page 5 and 6: ABNORMALITIES OF GAS FLOW 2 Increa
Page 7 and 8: LAMINAR GAS FLOW EQUATION Increase
Page 9: REYNOLDS NUMBER Predicts laminar o
Page 13 and 14: CHRONIC CHANGES TO AIRWAY RESISTANC
Page 15 and 16: RESPIRATORY STRATEGY OF BAS DOGS 1
Page 17 and 18: WHAT IS PLETHYSMOGRAPHY Pressure m
Page 19 and 20: Bernaerts 2010 Vet J
Page 21 and 22: BLOOG GAS ABNORMALITIES 2 Most abn
Page 23 and 24: CYTOKINE ABNORMALITIES 1 Rancan 20
Page 25 and 26: ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS 1 Planellas 2
Page 27 and 28: CONCURRENT CARDIAC DISEASE Affecte
Page 29 and 30: STENOTIC NARES
Page 31 and 32: SOFT PALATE Soft palate arises fro
Page 33 and 34: SOFT PALATE PHYSIOLOGY Sensory com
Page 35 and 36: SOFT PALATE CHANGES 2 Grand 2011 f
Page 37 and 38: Ginn 2008
Page 39 and 40: Clarke 2011
Page 41 and 42: HYPOPLASTIC TRACHEA 3 Pink 2006 re
Page 43 and 44: HYPOPLASTIC TRACHEA 5 Infectious a
Page 45 and 46: PHARYNGEAL CHANGES 1 In humans, pa
Page 47 and 48: PHARYNGEAL CHANGES 3 Rat models su
Page 49 and 50: LARYNGEAL SACCULES 1 Saccule = muc
Page 51 and 52: Cantatore 2012
Page 53 and 54: LARYNGEAL COLLAPSE Stages of colla
Page 55 and 56: LARYNGEAL COLLAPSE 2 Pink describe
Page 57 and 58: LARYNGEAL COLLAPSE 3 Collapse of t
Page 59 and 60: DYNAMIC LOWER AIRWAY DISEASE 1 Col
Page 61 and 62:
DYNAMIC LOWER AIRWAY DISEASE 2 Pro
Page 63 and 64:
DYNAMIC LOWER AIRWAY DISEASE 4 Inc
Page 65 and 66:
Poncet 2005
Page 67 and 68:
GASTROINTESTINAL 3 Oesophageal cha
Page 69 and 70:
GASTROINTESTINAL 5 Duodenum Unabl
Page 71 and 72:
GASTROINTESTINAL 6 2 dogs had no G
Page 73 and 74:
ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA 1 Generally b
Page 75 and 76:
ASPIRATION PNEUMONIA 3 Bacterial p
Page 77 and 78:
PULMONARY OEDEMA Pulmonary oedema
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Pathophysiology of Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome

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