Proposed Title 1: - Queen's University
Proposed Title 1: - Queen's University Proposed Title 1: - Queen's University
Strike slip normal fault Figure 2.2. Simplified geological map of the Beaverlodge area and location of uranium deposits, including those in this study. (modified from Macdonald and Slimmon, 1985). Rocks within the Beaverlodge area have been affected by at least four episodes of deformation (Bethune et al., 2008; Ashton et al., 2009a). The first deformation episode 25
(D 1 ) produced a regional migmatitic foliation (S 1 ). The second deformation episode (D 2 ) produced tight to isoclinal folds of early S 1 fabric and associated shear zones (Ashton and Hartlaub, 2008). These two deformational events resulted in an east-southeast striking structural fabric coinciding with the 1.94-1.92 Ga peak metamorphism of the Taltson Magmatic Suite (McDonough et al., 2000). An overprinting northeast-striking regional fabric associated with tight to isoclinal foldind (D 3 ) is interpreted to be synchronous with the 1.91-1.90 Ga metamorphic event of the Snowbird Tectonic Zone (Bethune et al., 2008). Gentle upright folds with north-trending hinges represent the last phase of regional deformation (D 4 ) that affected the Martin Lake Basin and Murmac Bay Group rocks; these are likely associated with late stage of the Trans-Hudson Orogen (Ashton et al., 2009a). 2.2.2. Previous models age for uranium mineralization in the Beaverlodge area The Beaverlodge area hosts a multitude of uranium deposits (Fig. 2.2), which were actively mined between 1953 and 1963. About 284 deposits were known by 1969 and ca. 25000 tU was mined (Sibbald and Quirt, 1987). Ore grades were in the range of 0.15 to 0.25% U, but in places, up to 0.4% U (Robinson, 1955). The age and evolution of the uranium mineralization in the Beaverlodge area are debated and different age models have been proposed. Collins et al. (1954) suggested that the first period of uranium mineralization lasted from 1860 to 1630 Ma with alteration occurring at 1100-900 Ma, 650-600 Ma, and 400-300 Ma. They interpreted this range of ages as related to alteration and resetting stages during successive tectonic events. Robinson (1955a) indicates that the earliest vein-type uranium mineralization occurred between 1600 Ma and 1500 Ma and followed, possibly transitionally, earlier deposition of 26
- Page 1 and 2: FLUID EVOLUTION AND STRUCTURAL CONT
- Page 3 and 4: Abstract Uranium deposits associate
- Page 5 and 6: Co-Authorship This thesis and the m
- Page 7 and 8: Sarah Rice and Jonathan Cloutier, a
- Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract………
- Page 11 and 12: 2.5.2. Temporal relationships of fa
- Page 13 and 14: 4.5.3. Isotopic compositions of min
- Page 15 and 16: List of Figures Figure 1.1. General
- Page 17 and 18: Figure 4.16. Distribution of 207 Pb
- Page 19 and 20: Table 4.4. Isotopic data of the U-P
- Page 21 and 22: processes by which these deposits f
- Page 23 and 24: Figure 1.1. Generalized geological
- Page 25 and 26: which is the equivalent of the Mill
- Page 27 and 28: dolostone and carbonaceous shale (L
- Page 29 and 30: Mineral Field (Figure 1.2). Many de
- Page 31 and 32: 2005). U mineralization is controll
- Page 33 and 34: Figure 1.4. Schematic representatio
- Page 35 and 36: In particular, the key issues to be
- Page 37 and 38: genetic model for the U mineralizat
- Page 39 and 40: fourth and most significant uranium
- Page 41 and 42: The Beaverlodge area is part of the
- Page 43: 1998; Hartlaub and Ashton, 1998). R
- Page 47 and 48: These previous age models do not ta
- Page 49 and 50: the age when the concentrations of
- Page 51 and 52: Figure 2.3. A: Detailed geologic ma
- Page 53 and 54: hornblende-feldspar gneiss showing
- Page 55 and 56: east-west striking en-échelon quar
- Page 57 and 58: and broken Kfs 1 and Qtz 1 embedded
- Page 59 and 60: A Meters LEGEND B Figure 2.6. A: De
- Page 62 and 63: Figure 2.7. Microphotograph of vari
- Page 64: eplaces Kfs 1 feldspars (Fig. 2.7A)
- Page 67 and 68: the Qtz 1 quartz dissolution result
- Page 69 and 70: Figure 2.9. Microphotograph of typi
- Page 71 and 72: uraninite (Fig. 2.10). The errors o
- Page 73 and 74: Figure 2.10. Backscattered Electron
- Page 75 and 76: post-mineralization alteration duri
- Page 77 and 78: Post-mineralization alteration even
- Page 79 and 80: Volcanic-type ±U 5 (Sample 6139, G
- Page 81 and 82: 6134 pt8a 2 Gunnar 82.92 2.92 5.30
- Page 83 and 84: Regression to zero content of the s
- Page 85 and 86: faults (Fig. 2.13C). The breccias w
- Page 87 and 88: Figure 2.13. Schematic cross-sectio
- Page 89 and 90: Mylonites were then reactivated at
- Page 91 and 92: and thrusting during the 1.94-1.92
- Page 93 and 94: Beaverlodge area (Morelli et al., 2
(D 1 ) produced a regional migmatitic foliation (S 1 ). The second deformation episode (D 2 )<br />
produced tight to isoclinal folds of early S 1 fabric and associated shear zones (Ashton and<br />
Hartlaub, 2008). These two deformational events resulted in an east-southeast striking<br />
structural fabric coinciding with the 1.94-1.92 Ga peak metamorphism of the Taltson<br />
Magmatic Suite (McDonough et al., 2000). An overprinting northeast-striking regional<br />
fabric associated with tight to isoclinal foldind (D 3 ) is interpreted to be synchronous with<br />
the 1.91-1.90 Ga metamorphic event of the Snowbird Tectonic Zone (Bethune et al.,<br />
2008). Gentle upright folds with north-trending hinges represent the last phase of regional<br />
deformation (D 4 ) that affected the Martin Lake Basin and Murmac Bay Group rocks; these<br />
are likely associated with late stage of the Trans-Hudson Orogen (Ashton et al., 2009a).<br />
2.2.2. Previous models age for uranium mineralization in the Beaverlodge area<br />
The Beaverlodge area hosts a multitude of uranium deposits (Fig. 2.2), which were<br />
actively mined between 1953 and 1963. About 284 deposits were known by 1969 and ca.<br />
25000 tU was mined (Sibbald and Quirt, 1987). Ore grades were in the range of 0.15 to<br />
0.25% U, but in places, up to 0.4% U (Robinson, 1955).<br />
The age and evolution of the uranium mineralization in the Beaverlodge area are<br />
debated and different age models have been proposed. Collins et al. (1954) suggested that<br />
the first period of uranium mineralization lasted from 1860 to 1630 Ma with alteration<br />
occurring at 1100-900 Ma, 650-600 Ma, and 400-300 Ma. They interpreted this range of<br />
ages as related to alteration and resetting stages during successive tectonic events.<br />
Robinson (1955a) indicates that the earliest vein-type uranium mineralization occurred<br />
between 1600 Ma and 1500 Ma and followed, possibly transitionally, earlier deposition of<br />
26
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