Proposed Title 1: - Queen's University

Proposed Title 1: - Queen's University Proposed Title 1: - Queen's University

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Deformation-Metamorphism: 1860-1840 Ma (Nimbawah Event) Deposition of El Sherana Group (ca. 1830 Ma) Deposition of Kombolgie Group (ca. 1750 Ma) feldspar xenoliths in the matrix (Fig. 4.5A). In places, Kfs 0 feldspar xenoliths are completely replaced by Src 1 . Minerals Deposition of Koolpin Formation and associated volcanic rocks (1900-1870 Ma) Quartz Qtz 0 Feldspar KFs 0 Biotite* Bt 0 Muscovite Ms 0 Pre-Ore alteration Quartz overgrowth Qtz 1 Sericite Src 1 Monazite Mzn 1 Titanite Tt 1 Chalcopyrite Cpy 1 Pyrite Py 1 Apatite* Ap 1 Early quartz vein Qtz 2 140 o C Hematite Hem 1 Chlorite Chl 1 160 o C Calcite Cal 1 Main U mineralization Event 250 o C Chlorite Chl 2 Calcite Cal 2 Muscovite Ms 2 Uraninite U 1 1820Ma Hematite Hem 2 Galena Pb 1 Gold Au 1 Chalcopyrite Cpy 2 Late alteration Event Chlorite Chl 3 100 o C Secondary uraninites U 2 Calcite Cal 3 Quartz Qtz 3 Hematite Hem 3 Azurite Az 1 Kaolinite Kln 1 Relative timing Host rock Pre-ore Syn-ore Post-ore Figure 4.4. General mineral paragenesis of the Coronation Hill deposit. The three main alteration stages include a pre-, syn-, and post-ore alteration of the basement rocks. The thickness of the lines indicates the relative mineral abundance. An asterisk (*) marks the primary minerals present in quartz feldspar porphyry and granophyre rocks. Temperatures associated with the different alteration minerals are derived from their chlorite crystal chemistry. The temperature of 140 o C for the pre-ore Qtz 2 is from Mernagh et al. (1994), 147

which was interpreted as being associated with the U mineralization. The age of 1820 Ma is interpreted from U-Pb geochronology of paragenetically constrained U 1 . (See text for details). Disseminated Cpy 1 chalcopyrite and Py 1 pyrite are present in the most altered samples. Mzn 1 monazite associated with Ttn 1 titanite occurs as disseminated aggregates of grains (Fig. 4.5B) and Ap 1 apatite occurs as elongated euhedral and transparent tabular crystals (Fig. 4.5C). Early Qtz 2 quartz veins crosscut the quartz-feldspar porphyry (Fig. 4.5D) and occur locally as stockworks. Chl 1 chlorite is present as replacement of Src 1 sericite in the matrix (Fig. 4.5E) or frequently as coarse, felty-textured, radiating aggregates coating Qtz 2 veins (Fig. 4.5D) where it forms thin needles crosscutting Qtz 2 veins (Fig. 4.5D). Hem 1 hematite forms primary inclusions in Qtz 2 veins where it replaces Chl 1 chlorite needles (Fig. 4.5D) and Src 1 sericite (Fig. 4.5E) in the matrix. Cal 1 calcite also replaces Src 1 sericite and Chl 1 chlorite in the matrix (Fig. 4.5F). The granophyre rock displays a similar pre-ore alteration pattern. Src 1 sericite replaces Kfs 0 alkali feldspar in quartz-alkali feldspar intergrowths. Src 1 sericite is later replaced by Cal 1 calcite. Bt 0 biotite and Ms 0 muscovite laths are typically pseudomorphous after Chl 1 Chlorite. Ap 1 apatite, Hem 1 hematite and Ttn 1 titanite are part of the pre-ore assemblage. 148

which was interpreted as being associated with the U mineralization. The age of 1820 Ma is<br />

interpreted from U-Pb geochronology of paragenetically constrained U 1 . (See text for details).<br />

Disseminated Cpy 1 chalcopyrite and Py 1 pyrite are present in the most altered<br />

samples. Mzn 1 monazite associated with Ttn 1 titanite occurs as disseminated aggregates of<br />

grains (Fig. 4.5B) and Ap 1 apatite occurs as elongated euhedral and transparent tabular<br />

crystals (Fig. 4.5C). Early Qtz 2 quartz veins crosscut the quartz-feldspar porphyry (Fig.<br />

4.5D) and occur locally as stockworks. Chl 1 chlorite is present as replacement of Src 1<br />

sericite in the matrix (Fig. 4.5E) or frequently as coarse, felty-textured, radiating aggregates<br />

coating Qtz 2 veins (Fig. 4.5D) where it forms thin needles crosscutting Qtz 2 veins (Fig.<br />

4.5D). Hem 1 hematite forms primary inclusions in Qtz 2 veins where it replaces Chl 1<br />

chlorite needles (Fig. 4.5D) and Src 1 sericite (Fig. 4.5E) in the matrix. Cal 1 calcite also<br />

replaces Src 1 sericite and Chl 1 chlorite in the matrix (Fig. 4.5F).<br />

The granophyre rock displays a similar pre-ore alteration pattern. Src 1<br />

sericite<br />

replaces Kfs 0 alkali feldspar in quartz-alkali feldspar intergrowths. Src 1 sericite is later<br />

replaced by Cal 1 calcite. Bt 0 biotite and Ms 0 muscovite laths are typically pseudomorphous<br />

after Chl 1 Chlorite. Ap 1 apatite, Hem 1 hematite and Ttn 1 titanite are part of the pre-ore<br />

assemblage.<br />

148

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