Newsletter Autumn 2010 - Earli
Newsletter Autumn 2010 - Earli
Newsletter Autumn 2010 - Earli
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<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
SIG13<br />
<strong>Autumn</strong> <strong>2010</strong><br />
news<br />
Contributors in this issue:<br />
Hermann Abs<br />
Dorit Alt<br />
Nir Alt<br />
Diego Di Masi<br />
Catherine Dimitriadou<br />
Lena Fritzén<br />
Brigitte Latzko<br />
Jean-Luc Patry<br />
Dimitris Pnevmatikos<br />
Anna M. Tapola<br />
Geir Olav Toft<br />
Alfred Weinberger<br />
Ladies at Work<br />
1<br />
SIG 13 Contact Information<br />
Joint Coordinator: Jean-Luc Patry, Austria (Jean-Luc.Patry@sbg.ac.at)<br />
Joint Coordinator: Dimitris Pnevmatikos, Greece (dpnevmat@uowm.gr)<br />
JURE Coordinator: Dorit Alt, Israel (doritalt@014.net.il)<br />
<strong>Newsletter</strong> Editor: Anna M. Tapola, Sweden (Anna.Tapola@lnu.se)
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Dear Friends and<br />
Colleagues,<br />
According to the latest updated member list (November <strong>2010</strong>), 54 researchers have signed<br />
up for SIG 13. Seven of these are JURE members, which means that the number of junior<br />
members has almost doubled since September. Is this good or bad in terms of development<br />
of SIG 13 Is it possible to identify any trends The short answer is that the number<br />
of SIG 13 members is characterised by status quo.<br />
In December last year, SIG 13 had 47 members, whereof six were JURE members. In<br />
December 2008, SIG 13 had 51 members. At the end of each year, SIG 13 usually has about<br />
50 members, which means that SIG 13 is a fairly small special interest group of EARLI.<br />
Do we want our SIG to grow And if so, how should we attract new members to join our<br />
community<br />
I suppose the present situation has its downsides and upsides. In my view, it is an advantage<br />
that it is pretty easy to get involved in a small SIG if you want to make contacts<br />
within your research field. For example, Catherine Dimitriadou (University of Western<br />
Macedonia, Greece) is currently visiting our university, and Catherine and I learnt to<br />
know each other via SIG 13. On the downside of being a small community is, however,<br />
that we are not able to cover all aspects of research on moral and democratic education.<br />
This issue was actually addressed by Deborah Harcourt in her summarising remarks at<br />
the SIG 13 Symposium in Israel. As far as I understand, Deborah advocates that we need<br />
to, to an increased degree, pay attention to moral and democratic aspects of early childhood<br />
education. I agree. This is probably an under-researched area. However, there are<br />
also other areas that we, so far, do not know very much about. One example of the latter<br />
concerns refugees and their introduction to a new context that might be very different<br />
compared to the situation in the country they had to abandon. No doubt, it takes a lot of<br />
courage and efforts to leave your homeland and seek asylum in a country far away, especially<br />
if you also have to leave your family and friends behind. The difficulties should be<br />
obvious. Notwithstanding this, perhaps there are advantages as well<br />
In Sweden, such introduction of new immigrants means that people are provided opportunities<br />
to, for example, take Swedish language classes. Catherine Dimitriadou visited<br />
one of these groups (see front page photo). The group consisted of ladies originally coming<br />
from countries in Asia and Africa. When visiting this group, it was obvious for Catherine<br />
and me that these students were very proud over their achievements, not least since they<br />
had learnt how to read and write in a language very different to their mother tongues. In<br />
my view, these learning outcomes are also linked to empowerment, citizenship, morality<br />
in an increasingly pluralistic society, and democratic education. Thus, activities in such<br />
introductory classes should be of interest to scholars within SIG 13 as well.<br />
At the same time, there are on-going political trends all over Europe pointing towards<br />
a xenophobic direction. For example, a xenophobic party is nowadays represented in the<br />
Swedish parliament. This trend, however, is not limited to the Swedish context. Nondemocratic,<br />
and sometimes also anti-democratic political parties, appear to gain increased<br />
support by the European citizenry. In my view, this is an important European movement<br />
that should be of significance for our common research strivings. What is going on in<br />
Europe How are the European societies affected by these political movements These are<br />
crucial questions, not least in light of the European history of the last century.<br />
Future will tell to what extent researcher of SIG 13 will address these challenges. It is<br />
evident to me that research on moral and democratic education has a number of underresearched<br />
areas that need to be explored and analysed, and therefore it is also important<br />
to attract new researchers to join SIG 13.<br />
With these words, I wish you a prosperous 2011 and a positive development of SIG 13.<br />
2<br />
Anna M. Tapola<br />
Editor<br />
Anna.Tapola@lnu.se
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Table of Content<br />
The Notice Board<br />
4<br />
Coordinators’ Corner<br />
7<br />
The JURE Meeting <strong>2010</strong><br />
10<br />
Message to Presumtive JURE Members of SIG 13<br />
11<br />
SIG 13 Internal Review Process for EARLI 2011<br />
12<br />
SIG 13 Symposium 2012 Will Take Place in Bergen<br />
13<br />
Invitation to AME 2012<br />
14<br />
Three Questions to Alfred Weinberger<br />
15<br />
Three Questions to Diego Di Masi<br />
16<br />
The Maslovaty Award<br />
17<br />
The Maslovaty Award – Code of Procedure<br />
18<br />
Motivational and Cultural Aspects Related to Students’ Academic Dishonesty<br />
21<br />
The SIG 13 Symposium <strong>2010</strong><br />
• SIG 13 Symposium Report<br />
24<br />
• The Symposium in Brief<br />
25<br />
• How Was Your SIG 13 Symposium<br />
26<br />
• Minutes from the SIG 13 Business Meeting in Israel<br />
28<br />
Guidelines for Authors<br />
32<br />
3
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
The Notice Board<br />
FORTHCOMING MEETINGS<br />
AERA 2011 (American Educational Research Association)<br />
The annual meeting will be 8–12 April in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.<br />
Please go to www.aera.net for more information.<br />
JURE 2011 (Junior Researchers of EARLI)<br />
The JURE pre-conference of 2011 will forego the EARLI conference in Exeter (see below).<br />
For more information about the JURE pre-conference, please go to the website:<br />
www.earli2011.org/nqcontent.cfma_id=82<br />
EARLI 2011 biennual conference will be in Exeter, the UK, 30 August–3 September. More<br />
information is available at the conference website:<br />
www.earli2011.org/nqcontent.cfma_id=1<br />
ESERA 2011 (European Science Education Research Association) will be in Lyon, France,<br />
5–9 September. More information at the conference website: www.esera2011.fr/<br />
ECER 2011 (European Conference on Educational Research) will take place at Freie Universität<br />
in Berlin, 13–16 September. There will also be a pre-conference 12–13 September.<br />
More information at: www.eera-ecer.eu/ecer/ecer-2011-berlin/<br />
AME 2011 (Association for Moral Education)<br />
The annual conference of 2011 is to be held in Nanjing, China. See also page 14.<br />
AERA 2012 (American Educational Research Association)<br />
The annual meeting will be 13–17 April in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.<br />
SIG 13 Symposium 2012 will be in Bergen, Norway. No date is settled yet. More information<br />
will be launched in conjunction with the EARLI 2011 conference in Exeter (see<br />
above).<br />
Call for Contributions<br />
Deadline for the next issue of<br />
the SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong> is 4 April 2011.<br />
4
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
NEW PUBLICATIONS<br />
Abs, J. H. (<strong>2010</strong>). Gelegenheitsstrukturen zur Partizipation in Schulen und Partizipationsbereitschaft<br />
von Schülern/Schülerinnen. In W. Schubarth, K. Speck. & H. Lynen<br />
von Berg (Eds.), Wertebildung in Jugendarbeit, Schule und Kommune (pp. 177–188). VS<br />
Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.<br />
Alt, D., Maslovaty, N. & Cohen, A. (<strong>2010</strong>).The effects of personal background on civic<br />
concepts, attitudes and activities among high school students. In C. Klassen & N.<br />
Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and the normative professionalism of teachers (pp. 175–196).<br />
Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Alt, D., Maslovaty, N. & Cohen, A. (<strong>2010</strong>). The relationship between media literacy studies<br />
and democratis and moral orientations among Israeli adolescents. In C. Klassen &<br />
N. Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and the normative professionalism of teachers (pp. 71–90).<br />
Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Latzko, B. (<strong>2010</strong>). Moral education in school: Teachers’ authority and students autonomy<br />
In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and the normative professionalism of<br />
teachers (pp. 91–102). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Klassen, C. (<strong>2010</strong>). Teachers’ views and the need for moral courage. In C. Klassen & N.<br />
Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and the normative professionalism of teachers (pp. 13–25).<br />
Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Klaassen, C. (<strong>2010</strong>). The professional ethos of teachers. In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty<br />
(Eds.), Moral courage and the normative professionalism of teachers (pp. 225–243). Rotterdam:<br />
Sense Publishers.<br />
Maslovaty, N., Miron, M. & Cohen, A. (<strong>2010</strong>). I ideal affective extended domain trait as<br />
perceived by education students. In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and<br />
the normative professionalism of teachers (pp. 211–224). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Moree, D., Klassen, C. & Veugelers, W. (<strong>2010</strong>). Teachers<br />
perspectives on cultural diversity and citizenship<br />
education. In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty (Eds.),<br />
Moral courage and the normative professionalism<br />
of teachers (pp. 51–70). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Oser, F. (<strong>2010</strong>). Religious dilemmas: The<br />
development of religious judgement<br />
(pp. 175–192). In C. Harding (Ed.),<br />
Moral Dilemmas and Ethical<br />
Reasoning. New Brunswick:<br />
Transaction Publishers.<br />
5
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
NEW PUBLICATIONS<br />
Oser, F. (<strong>2010</strong>). The Unhappy Moralist Effect: A Story of Hybrid Moral Dynamics. In<br />
T. Lovat, R. Toomey & N. Clement (Eds.), International research handbook on values education<br />
and student wellbeing (pp. 605–614). Springer Netherlands.<br />
Patry, J-L., Weyringer, S. & Weinberger, A. (<strong>2010</strong>). Values and knowledge education<br />
(VaKE) in European summer camps for gifted students: Native versus non-native speakers.<br />
In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and the normative professionalism<br />
of teachers (pp. 133–148). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Pnevmatikos, D. (<strong>2010</strong>). Do children account their personal relevance on social justice<br />
inferences In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and the normative professionalism<br />
of teachers (pp. 197–210). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Shitreet, E., Iram, Y. & Maslovaty, N. (<strong>2010</strong>). Acculturation processes in school and their<br />
contribution to scholastic, social and behavioural adaption of immigrant youth.<br />
In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and the normative professionalism of<br />
teachers (pp. 117–131). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Tapola, A. M. (<strong>2010</strong>). Human dignity – A multifaceted discourse in teacher education<br />
In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and the normative professionalism of<br />
teachers (pp. 27–50). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Tapola, A. M. & Fritzen, L. (<strong>2010</strong>). On the integration of moral and democratic education<br />
and subject matter instruction. In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and<br />
the normative professionalism of teachers (pp. 149–174). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Veugelers, W. (<strong>2010</strong>). Teaching religions and world views in a plural society–Teachers inbetween<br />
society and students. In C. Klassen & N. Maslovaty (Eds.), Moral courage and the<br />
normative professionalism of teachers (pp. 13–25). Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.<br />
Let people know!<br />
Have you published anything recently<br />
You are warmly welcome to inform the readership<br />
about your scholarly publications.<br />
Please send full references to the editor.<br />
6
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Coordinators’<br />
CC<br />
Corner<br />
Coordinators’ Corner is a regular feature where<br />
the SIG 13 coordinators write about topics<br />
of particular interest. Previous articles in the series:<br />
Issue #6<br />
Dimitris Pnevmatikos: Moral and Democratic Education: A Multidisciplinary Research Area<br />
Issue #5<br />
Jean-Luc Patry: Afterthoughts Following the EARLI Conference in Amsterdam<br />
Issue #4<br />
Cees Klaassen: Past, Present and Future – Trends within Our Research Domain<br />
Theories in<br />
Moral and Democratic<br />
Education Research<br />
Research is about theory: We seek knowledge<br />
that goes beyond the immediate<br />
context and time of a given study, and this<br />
can only be achieved through building and<br />
testing theories. And such a generalization<br />
is necessary if we aim at basing practical<br />
decisions on research outcomes. In the present<br />
Coordinators’ Corner I want to discuss<br />
some issues about such theories in our field.<br />
For theory building we need data from<br />
studies, and many people think that such<br />
data may be informative by themselves.<br />
For instance, it might be important to know<br />
what values young people from a specific<br />
region defend at a given time, as assessed in<br />
the Shell youth studies on the values, attitudes,<br />
habits, and social behavior of young<br />
people in Germany (the last one is Albert et<br />
al., <strong>2010</strong>); the data are also available in the<br />
internet (see http://www-static.shell.com/<br />
static/deu/downloads/aboutshell/our_<br />
commitment/shell_youth_study/<strong>2010</strong>/<br />
youth_study_<strong>2010</strong>_graph_values.pdf for<br />
an example). But such data make sense<br />
only if there is some interpretation, which<br />
is necessarily theory based. If the authors<br />
of the study do not provide such a theory,<br />
the readers will do it themselves – and such<br />
theories are often not particularly reasonable<br />
as one can see in the interpretation of<br />
data of this kind by politicians who then<br />
build decisions on this problematic base –<br />
sometimes with disastrous consequences.<br />
There are different meta-theoretical research<br />
approaches to develop and test<br />
theories, such as the critico-analytical perspective<br />
in the tradition of Popper and his<br />
followers, hermeneutic approaches (e.g.,<br />
7
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Jean-Luc Patry<br />
Gadamer, Oevermann), critical theory in<br />
the sense of the Frankfurt school (Adorno,<br />
Horkheimer, Habermas), phenomenology<br />
(e.g., Heidegger), constructivism (e.g., Glasersfeld),<br />
etc. Some scientists may favor one<br />
approach and others defend another one,<br />
and still others combine two or more of<br />
them. EARLI for instance has a clear priority<br />
towards the critic-analytical approach,<br />
as can be deduced from the acceptance of<br />
papers in the association’s journals and in<br />
the biannual conferences.<br />
My opinion is that the different concepts<br />
may be quite justified; personally I follow<br />
what Dewey has called “warranted assertibility”,<br />
which means that the better a<br />
statement is supported by arguments the<br />
more I accept it. The different scientific approaches<br />
have different types of arguments<br />
but someone adhering to one concept does<br />
not necessarily have to reject arguments of<br />
a different origin – it might even be that the<br />
arguments within one’s own orientation are<br />
less good than those from the other ones.<br />
Warranted assertibility, in my view, is best<br />
done following the principles of critical multiplism<br />
(Shadish, Cook & Campbell, 2002).<br />
Hetherington (1997) distinguished two dimensions<br />
of research (table 1): thoughtless<br />
vs. thoughtful research and single vs. multiple<br />
methods; critical multiplism refers to<br />
thoughtful multiplism, which means systematic,<br />
rational multiplism, well aware of<br />
the problems and biases, and theory-driven.<br />
The attempt is to compensate the biases a<br />
given theory or method has or may have<br />
by using a different theory or method that<br />
has different biases. This means the use of<br />
multiple theories, including presumably<br />
incompatible ones, and systemic as opposed<br />
to linear relationships.<br />
According to the concept of critical multiplism,<br />
hence, it is appropriate to use several<br />
theories. This is indeed necessary in the<br />
field of education and particularly in moral<br />
and democratic education since we have,<br />
on one hand, theories of morality (for instance<br />
a theory of moral development or of<br />
the development of moral judgments, etc.),<br />
and on the other hand theories of social in-<br />
Table 1 Types of research<br />
Single Method<br />
Poor Science<br />
Rear-End Validity<br />
Thoughtless<br />
Mindless Monism<br />
Poor Science<br />
Rear-End Validity<br />
Thoughtful<br />
Rigid Monism<br />
Newtonian Science<br />
MAX-MIN-CON<br />
Multiple Methods<br />
Mindless Multiplism<br />
Poor Science<br />
Anything Goes<br />
Critical Multiplism<br />
(from Hetherington, 1997, slide 18)<br />
8
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
teraction that can account for the social aspects<br />
of teaching and learning.<br />
Further, moral and democratic education<br />
is likely not only to foster moral and democratic<br />
dispositions, but also dispositions in<br />
other, maybe related domains such as social<br />
competence, critical thinking, self-concept,<br />
problem solving, and many more. For research<br />
purposes, then, these theories need<br />
to be connected and their relationships<br />
need to be made explicit not only empirically,<br />
but also on the theoretical level.<br />
This might even apply to theories with<br />
very different historical backgrounds and<br />
which, in Kuhn’s (1962) framework, would<br />
be considered incommensurable. For instance,<br />
we have combined so diverse theories<br />
as Kohlberg (which is a constructivist<br />
framework) and social learning theory<br />
(Mischel, 2004), which is a cognitive theory<br />
but clearly has behaviorist roots – according<br />
to Kuhn, these would be two paradigms<br />
that are in competition with each<br />
other. According to Kuhn the social sciences<br />
have not yet clear paradigms and hence<br />
must be considered as pre-paradigmatic,<br />
which he judged to be an earlier stage in<br />
the development of a scientific discipline.<br />
I suggest, instead, that combining different<br />
and presumably incommensurable theories<br />
is a sign of strength of our science and not<br />
of weakness.<br />
Such a multi-theory approach, of course,<br />
becomes very complex, and within a single<br />
study it is not possible to address the full<br />
range of issues at stake. Therefore, the critical<br />
multiplism, on the level of theories,<br />
refers to research programs instead of isolated<br />
research endeavors.<br />
Such research programs, then, permit<br />
also to accomplish another requirement of<br />
critical multiplism: using different methods<br />
to answer the same question, the idea being<br />
that the different methods can at least<br />
permit to identify biases of the different<br />
tools used, maybe even to compensate each<br />
other’s weaknesses. And for this, it might<br />
well be appropriate to rely on different<br />
meta-theoretical concepts, as discussed<br />
above.<br />
References<br />
Albert, M., Hurrelmann, K., & Quenzel,<br />
G. (<strong>2010</strong>). 16. Shell Jugendstudie. Jugend<br />
<strong>2010</strong>. Frankfurt/Main: Fischer Taschenbuch<br />
Verlag.<br />
Hetherington, J. (1997). Lecture 16: Advanced<br />
research design. Internet document, URL:<br />
http://mccoy.lib.siu.edu/projects/<br />
psyc/hetherington/lect16.ppt, retrieved<br />
Oktober 5, 2005.<br />
Kuhn, T. (1962). The structure of scientific revolutions.<br />
Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University<br />
Press.<br />
Mischel, W. (2004). Toward an integrative<br />
science of the person. Annual Review of<br />
Psychology, 55, 1–22.<br />
Shadish, W.R., Cook, T.D. & Campbell, D.T.<br />
(2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental<br />
designs for generalized causal inference.<br />
Boston: Houghton Mifflin.<br />
Jean-Luc Patry<br />
• What is your opinion<br />
• Do you disagree<br />
• What remains to be said<br />
Perhaps you want to have your say on the topics discussed in the text above. The SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong><br />
welcomes all your reactions, and we would be honoured to publish your response in the next issue. If<br />
you want to respond to this issue’s Coordinators’ Corner text, please contact the editor.<br />
9
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
The JURE Meeting <strong>2010</strong><br />
The conference took place from the 19th<br />
to 22nd July <strong>2010</strong> in Frankfurt am Main,<br />
Germany, at the beautiful Westend Campus<br />
of Goethe University. The theme of<br />
the conference was Connecting Diverse<br />
Perspectives on Learning and Instruction:<br />
A Conference of Synergy. The aims of the<br />
conference were to present the links between<br />
different perspectives in research on<br />
learning and instruction in order to allow<br />
young researchers to discuss and negotiate<br />
new ideas. The conference provided a wide<br />
range of ideas on the theme of learning and<br />
instruction, structured at several presentation<br />
formats. One of the formats was keynote<br />
speakers presentation such as: Adapting<br />
Educational Assessment to Changing<br />
Conceptions of Knowledge presented by<br />
Prof. Benö Csapó from Szeged University<br />
- Hungary. Participants could also have informal<br />
chat with the keynote speakers over<br />
lunch. Another format was professional<br />
development courses, such as Using brains<br />
in educational research: Neuroscience &<br />
education (by Annemarie Boschloo), A basic<br />
introduction to structural equation modeling<br />
techniques (by Dr. Johannes Bauer<br />
and Dr. Jan Retelsdorf), Meta-analysis (by<br />
Prof. dr. Roel J. Bosker), Longitudinal data<br />
analysis with latent variable models (by<br />
Dr. Benjamin Nagengast), Introduction to<br />
effective presentations (by Alison Lowry).<br />
The last course provided the participants a<br />
brief overview of how to effectively create<br />
and present academic message. Additional<br />
format of presentation were paper sessions,<br />
Information and communication technology<br />
(ICT) demonstration sessions, poster<br />
and round table sessions. These formats allowed<br />
for formal discussion during the sessions<br />
and informal discussion during coffee<br />
breaks and lunch hours. The feedback<br />
process had started before the conference;<br />
each of the participants had reviewed at<br />
least one academic paper or poster. During<br />
the conference, we could meet our reviewers<br />
and enhance our discussions over the<br />
presented issues. During the conference<br />
young researchers could get feedback from<br />
experienced senior researchers, many of<br />
them had discussed their PhD thesis proposals<br />
with senior researchers and peer<br />
researchers in order to improve the methodology<br />
or get new theoretical perspectives.<br />
At the last day of the conference each Jure<br />
coordinator had presented his Special Interest<br />
Group aims, in a poster format. Participates<br />
asked questions, read the handouts<br />
and the posters contents, as can be seen at<br />
the photos. Finally, the social aspect was<br />
addressed as well. The programme included<br />
social activities, such as special dinner<br />
at a local restaurant. In conclusion JURE<br />
<strong>2010</strong> provided a wide range of opportunities<br />
for participants to engage in intensive<br />
academic exchange of ideas, as well as interesting<br />
workshops and keynotes presentations.<br />
Next meeting will be the 2011<br />
pre-conference of the Junior Researchers<br />
of EARLI, taking place at the University of<br />
Exeter, Exeter, UK, on the 29th and 30th of<br />
August 2011. The overall theme is: Education<br />
for a Global Networked Society. I encourage<br />
young researchers to share their<br />
research with the JURE community and<br />
attend the JURE pre-conference. For more<br />
information have a look at http://www.<br />
earli2011.org/nqcontent.cfma_id=162.<br />
The organizing committee can be contacted<br />
via: 2011jure@gmail.com<br />
Dorit Alt<br />
10
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Message from Dorit Alt to all presumptive<br />
JURE members of SIG 13<br />
Please circulate widely!<br />
You are cordially invited to join<br />
SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education<br />
About<br />
EARLI has Special Interest Groups representing researchers who study one or<br />
more parts and/or aspects of the field of Learning and Instruction.<br />
Why joining a SIG is important for young researchers<br />
One of the main aims of EARLI is to encourage communication between researchers<br />
through Special Interest Groups. The SIGs support activities such<br />
as meetings, newsletters and publications and they give substance to the conference<br />
themes of the biennial EARLI conferences. Therefore, joining the SIGs<br />
is an important step forward for young researchers, who seek to engage in<br />
an effective dialogue concerning their themes of study; to interact with other<br />
researchers, as well as to present and publish their studies on international<br />
scientific platforms.<br />
About SIG 13<br />
SIG 13 addresses questions of moral and democratic education from a scientific<br />
perspective with a particular focus on theoretically founded empirical research.<br />
Moral education means education to improve the learner’s moral competence<br />
and actions, and democratic education deals with the furthering of democratic<br />
knowledge, attitudes, and actions in all their facets. The SIG 13 community is<br />
engaged in number of activities: SIG annual conferences, EARLI biannual conferences,<br />
newsletter, and publications in scientific journals and books.<br />
How to join<br />
Membership of SIGs is open to all EARLI members. A list of the SIGs appears<br />
on the membership application form. To become a member of a SIG, please<br />
tick the check-box of the SIG you would like to be affiliated to.<br />
For more information contact:<br />
Dorit Alt (Jure coordinator of SIG 13) (Email address: doritalt@014.net.il)<br />
Visit our site:<br />
http://www.earli.org/special_interest_groups/moral_education<br />
11
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
SIG 13 Internal Review<br />
Process for EARLI 2011<br />
At the previous EARLI’s biennial meeting<br />
at Amsterdam, August 2009, SIG 13 proposals<br />
had a high rejection rate. In order to<br />
provide opportunities to ensure high-quality<br />
SIG 13-related submissions to the next<br />
EARLI conference in the UK, the SIG 13 coordinators<br />
suggested at the SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong><br />
(issue #6) an internal review process<br />
before the papers’ final submission. It was<br />
suggested that any SIG 13 member could<br />
submit her/his proposal and experienced<br />
SIG 13 members could give a feedback to<br />
improve the proposals before their official<br />
submission to the next meeting. This internal<br />
review process considered to be purely<br />
optional.<br />
Indeed, some colleagues corresponded to<br />
this call and they submitted their proposal<br />
for this internal review process. From this<br />
process, most of papers were improved<br />
and they submitted either as individual papers<br />
either as papers included in symposia<br />
organized by SIG 13 members.<br />
The exact number of the papers finally<br />
submitted after the procedure remains<br />
unknown, as the authors did not inform the<br />
coordinators whether they submitted their<br />
papers or not. The importance here is that<br />
this process helped the SIG 13 members to<br />
improve their proposals and it is expected<br />
to continue working with this process in<br />
the future.<br />
One of the organized symposia, SIG 13<br />
Invited Symposium is going to be presented<br />
based solely to the internal review process.<br />
Based on the decision on the business<br />
meeting at Tel Aviv, the SIG 13 Invited Symposium<br />
has been undertaken by Jean-Luc<br />
Patry and Jostein Sather. The contributors<br />
of this symposium are described below.<br />
SIG 13 Invited Symposium<br />
Title: Moral and democratic education within the context<br />
of science education<br />
Organisers: Jean-Luc Patry & Jostein Sather<br />
Chair: Jean-Luc Patry<br />
Discussant: Dimitris Pnevmatikos<br />
Paper I: Human Dignity in Life-Science Research Practice: A Matter<br />
of Critical Socio-Historical Literacy (Anna M. Tapola)<br />
Paper II: Stimulating autonomous thinking and learning intentions related<br />
to the greenhouse effect topic in the context of science education<br />
(Jostein Sather & Kristian Skaaraas)<br />
Paper III: Multiple operationalism: VaKE with heterogeneous learning groups<br />
(Alfred Weinberger & Jean-Luc Patry)<br />
The Future & Vision session<br />
Organizers: Jean-Luc Patry & Dimitris Pnevmatikos<br />
Chair: Jean-Luc Patry<br />
Project I: The Linnaeus Project (Lena Fritzen & Anna M. Tapola)<br />
Project II: Network Education for Democratic Intercultural Citizenship<br />
Development (Wiel Veugelers & Kirsi Tirri)<br />
Exeter<br />
12
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Moreover, in EARLI’s biennial meetings<br />
there is another slot for each SIG called ’The<br />
Future & Vision’. This is organized by the<br />
two coordinators, and aims to present the<br />
current trends on the research in the field of<br />
Moral and Democratic Education.<br />
Two research projects that SIG 13 members<br />
are involved in are going to be presented<br />
at this session.<br />
The first is ’The Linnaeus Project’, a research<br />
project that involves scholars from<br />
eight European countries (Austria, Cyprus,<br />
Germany, Greece, Poland, Norway, Sweden,<br />
and Switzerland). This research project<br />
has been introduced to the newsletter’s<br />
readership previously. At the Future & Vision<br />
session, Lena Fritzen and Anna Tapola<br />
will present the project and report on its<br />
progress.<br />
The second is the ’Network Education for<br />
Democratic Intercultural Citizenship Development’<br />
(EDIC). The main focus of this<br />
project is to establish a platform for educators<br />
and researchers from different parts of<br />
Europe to work and learn together. Eight<br />
universities (Barcelona, Brighton, Helsinki,<br />
Humanistics Utrecht, Fribourg, Kibbutzim<br />
College Tel Aviv, Prague, and Thessaloniki)<br />
work together in this project.<br />
After several joint research seminars the<br />
network now created an annual intensive<br />
program for young and senior researchers<br />
to enter in a dialogue with each other about<br />
research, concepts and practices and to collaborate.<br />
The presentation will focus on the<br />
activities involved, the research questions<br />
that are formulated and the research that<br />
is going on now and future plans. Wiel<br />
Veugelers and Kirsi Tirri will present this<br />
research project.<br />
Dimitris Pnevmatikos<br />
SIG 13 Symposium 2012<br />
Will Take Place in Bergen<br />
Jostein Saether and his colleagues at the<br />
NLA in Bergen, Norway, have accepted to<br />
organise the SIG 13 Symposium 2012. The<br />
SIG 13 coordinators have received an official<br />
letter of acceptance, but the actual dates<br />
for the symposium have not been settled<br />
yet. The Norwegians will present more details<br />
in conjunction to the EARLI 2011 Conference<br />
in Exeter.<br />
NLA is a private Christian university college<br />
located in Bergen. The abbreviation<br />
NLA is based on the Norwegian name,<br />
which in English should be something like<br />
‘Norwegian Teacher Academy’. For more<br />
information about NLA, please consult<br />
their website (www.nla.no/english/).<br />
Bergen is the second largest city in Norway<br />
with a population of a bit more than a<br />
quarter of a million inhabitants. Bergen is<br />
located on the South-western coast of Norway.<br />
The history of Bergen goes far back<br />
to the Viking Age. During the end of the<br />
Bergen<br />
13th century, Bergen became<br />
one of the Hanseatic League’s<br />
cities, much due to the important<br />
trade of cod and<br />
other fish products. Bergen’s<br />
old quayside, Bryggen, is on<br />
UNESCO’s list of World Heritage sites.<br />
Today, Bergen is an administrative centre<br />
for this region of Norway, but also a cultural<br />
hub. Bergen’s port is very large and it constitutes<br />
a vital precondition for Norway’s<br />
international trading. Bergen is also marketed<br />
as the gateway city to the world famous<br />
fjords of Norway, and large cruise ships<br />
traffic the port on a regular basis.<br />
Flesland is Bergen’s international airport<br />
(www.avinor.no/en/airport/bergen),<br />
which is serviced by direct flights to several<br />
European cities on a daily basis. Therefore,<br />
it should be convenient for all SIG 13 members<br />
to join in at the next symposium.<br />
Anna M. Tapola<br />
13
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
The SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong> Got a Postcard<br />
The postcard is actually an invitation to a rather special conference<br />
coming up next year. For the first time ever, the Association for Moral<br />
Education (AME) annual meeting will be organised outside of the U.S.<br />
and Europe. Next year’s conference will be in China,<br />
and the event is co-organised by AME, Asia Pacific<br />
Network for Moral Education, and Journal of Moral<br />
Education (JME). This meeting will be a very special<br />
occasion, not least since it also celebrates the JME<br />
40th anniversary. This conference should be of<br />
interest for SIG 13 members as well. You find<br />
a facsimile of the postcard to the right, and since<br />
the postcard is rather small, you will find<br />
the full text below.<br />
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE<br />
ON MORAL EDUCATION<br />
Cultivating Morality: Human Beings, Nature and the World<br />
Journal of Moral Education 40th anniversary conference<br />
Association for Moral Education 37th annual conference<br />
Asia Pacific Network for Moral Education 6th annual conference<br />
24–28 October 2011<br />
Nanjing International Conference Centre, China<br />
Website goes public 1st December <strong>2010</strong>: www.nanjing2011.org<br />
AME/JME scholarships for participation to enable attendance of delegates from otherwise likely<br />
to be under-represented regions and at an early stage in their academic career, deadline for submission<br />
31st December <strong>2010</strong>. Information from JME June <strong>2010</strong> issue (39, 2, 259–260) or from the<br />
Editor: jmoraled@onetel.com<br />
• Submissions of abstracts on conference related themes via the website<br />
from 1st January 2011 –31st March deadline<br />
• Decision from Pram Committee to submitters by 31st May<br />
• Conference registration and hotel accommodation booking by 20th July deadline<br />
Language of the conference is English<br />
Your participation in this interdisciplinary, intercultural,<br />
academic moral education landmark event<br />
is warmly welcomed.<br />
14
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Three Questions to<br />
Alfred Weinberger<br />
• Why is moral and democratic<br />
• education important<br />
”A few weeks ago I asked my teacher-students<br />
about the assignment of a teacher.<br />
They unanimously responded that a<br />
teacher’s first priority should be to impart<br />
knowledge to the students. No one mentioned<br />
values education. Nowadays still<br />
the majority of teachers spend most of their<br />
time for teaching content although the curriculum<br />
demands knowledge and values<br />
education. Moreover I think that many<br />
teachers lack of appropriate methods in order<br />
to teach values but they are interested in<br />
philosophical approaches to morality and<br />
psychological backgrounds of moral development.<br />
I have been a teacher in a secondary<br />
school for 15 years and I have realized<br />
in the course of that time that students are<br />
most likely to succeed academically if they<br />
are involved in a strong community, which<br />
is based on moral and democratic principles<br />
resulting in mutual appreciation, trust and<br />
a strong sense of connection.”<br />
• Why are you engaged in SIG 13<br />
”I think moral and democratic education<br />
needs a strong platform in the scientific<br />
community because the moral realm is definitely<br />
underrepresented in many scientific<br />
conferences. SIG 13 offers also the opportunity<br />
to get in touch with other scientists<br />
and to discuss the possibility of joint studies.<br />
I also appreciate that all the presented<br />
projects have a strong theoretical and empirical<br />
base.”<br />
• How do you want the SIG 13<br />
• community to develop<br />
” I like a community, in which everyone<br />
knows each other. Accordingly my wish<br />
is that the community keeps up the very<br />
friendly atmosphere and hopefully I can<br />
contribute to it.”<br />
PROFESSIONAL<br />
FILE<br />
Who: Alfred Weinberger<br />
E-mail: wea@ph-linz.at<br />
Homepage: –<br />
Title/profession: Dr./Teacher<br />
Institution: The Private University<br />
College of Education of<br />
the Diocese of Linz<br />
Country: Austria<br />
Present research interest:<br />
VaKE (Values and Knowledge<br />
Education) in teacher training<br />
PERSONAL<br />
FILE<br />
Hidden talents:<br />
I think, I am a fast<br />
mountain biker.<br />
Listen to: To be honest<br />
I never listen to music<br />
intentionally.<br />
My (no longer) secret<br />
bolthole: A wonderful<br />
hotel of the 15th century<br />
in Sterzing (Italy).<br />
Favourite (nonscientific)<br />
book:<br />
How to love a child<br />
by Janusz Korzcak<br />
15
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Three Questions to<br />
Diego Di Masi<br />
• Why is moral and democratic<br />
• education important<br />
”’Moral’ and ’democracy’ represent the<br />
two pillars of a theoretical framework that<br />
aims to rethink a concept of citizen, based<br />
on the individual and collective agency.<br />
In our society there is a permanent deficit<br />
of democracy, which is the product of the<br />
tension between democracy as a value and<br />
democracy as a form of government. In this<br />
perspective citizenship education becomes<br />
a significant instrument for the reduction<br />
of that deficit. The aim of citizenship education<br />
is the development of those civic<br />
virtues that make democracy a perfectible<br />
project.”<br />
• Why are you engaged in SIG 13<br />
”Because SIG 13 is a community: I consider<br />
the community the most meaningful place<br />
for research.”<br />
• How do you want the SIG 13<br />
• community to develop<br />
”We have to develop our network involving<br />
not only Universities or Research Centers,<br />
but also Schools, Associations, Local<br />
Authorities, International Organizations<br />
and Foundations in order to construct a real<br />
moral and democratic community, which is<br />
able to realize scientific researches, projects<br />
and activities, but also to attract financial<br />
supports and investments.”<br />
PROFESSIONAL<br />
FILE<br />
Who:<br />
Diego Di Masi<br />
E-mail:<br />
diego.dimasi@unipd.it<br />
Homepage:<br />
–<br />
Title/profession:<br />
PhD Student<br />
in Educational Sciences<br />
Institution:<br />
University of Padova<br />
Country:<br />
Italy<br />
Present research interest:<br />
Present research interest: Citizenship<br />
Education; Youth Participation, Dialogue<br />
in Community of Philosophical Inquiry,<br />
Learning and Instruction Design, Research<br />
Methodology in Educational Sciences<br />
PERSONAL<br />
FILE<br />
Hidden talents:<br />
I forgot where I’ve<br />
hidden them<br />
Listen to:<br />
live music<br />
My (no longer) secret<br />
bolthole:<br />
to organize political,<br />
cultural and social<br />
activities<br />
Favourite (nonscientific)<br />
book:<br />
books to read<br />
16
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Nava Maslovaty, the founder<br />
of The Maslovaty Award, who<br />
sadly passed away in 2009.<br />
The Maslovaty Award<br />
It is time to start making preparations for nominations for next year’s Maslovaty<br />
Awards. The prize winners will be announced at the EARLI conference in Exeter. The<br />
Maslovaty Award consists of two prizes; one for the best published paper, and another<br />
for the best paper presentation at the biennial EARLI conference. All nominees<br />
must be members of SIG 13. All SIG 13 members are eligible as nominees for the<br />
prize category with respect to the best published paper. The prize for young researchers,<br />
however, can only be awarded a nominee who presents a paper at a SIG 13<br />
session at an EARLI biennial conference for the first or second time.<br />
The Award for Published Papers<br />
Award winner 2009: Kirsi Tirri, Finland<br />
Deadline for nominations: The publication must be submitted by 1 May 2011.<br />
The Award for Young Researchers<br />
Award winner 2009: Anna M. Tapola, Sweden<br />
Deadline for nominations: The full paper must be submitted by 1 July 2011.<br />
More information:<br />
Please see the Code of Procedure (see the next three pages).<br />
17
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
The Maslovaty Foundation for the Advancement<br />
of Education on Morals and Society<br />
CODE OF PROCEDURE<br />
TITLE I<br />
Objectives of the Award<br />
”The Maslovaty Foundation for the Advancement of Education on Morals and Society”<br />
(hereinafter: ”The Maslovaty Foundation”), in collaboration with and participation of<br />
SIG 13 “Moral and Democratic Education” of EARLI (hereinafter: ”SIG 13”), grants an<br />
award for the purpose of encouraging expert and young scientists to actively participate<br />
in the activities of the special interest group.<br />
TITLE II<br />
The Maslovaty Award<br />
Chapter I<br />
Description of the Award<br />
Sec. 1. Categories. Two awards will be given -<br />
A. Award for young researchers<br />
B. Award for published papers<br />
Sec. 2. Frequency. The awards will be given every two years at the bi-annual conference<br />
of EARLI and the interest group at the Business Meeting of the SIG 13.<br />
Sec. 3. Award Components. The awards will total €2000 (€1000 for each category). Each<br />
award will carry an inscribed certificate and a prize of €1000.<br />
Sec. 4 Publication. The SIG 13 will publish information on the Maslovaty Award on<br />
its website, in newsletters and any other printed publications, in order to publicize the<br />
award to potential candidates. The publication will include all necessary details required<br />
for candidates as specified in this code of procedure.<br />
Sec. 5. Mentions and Commemoration. The Foundation’s conditions for granting the<br />
awards are:<br />
i. To mention that the Maslovaty Foundation is the grantor, both when<br />
i. presenting the award as well as in case the awarded paper is published.<br />
i. The text of the mention will be in the language in which the article<br />
i. appears in the publication, with wording to be determined by the<br />
i. Maslovaty Foundation.<br />
ii. To issue a certificate indicating that the award was given with the<br />
i. participation of the Maslovaty Foundation.<br />
iii. The SIG 13 coordinators and/or the recipients of the award will appraise<br />
i. the Foundation of the publication and will see to sending two copies of<br />
i. it to the Foundation.<br />
18
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
iv. The SIG 13 coordinators will see to advertising the Maslovaty<br />
i. Foundation and the winners of the award on the EARLI website and i.<br />
i. through other appropriate means.<br />
Sec. 6. Amendment. The Maslovaty Foundation is entitled, at its sole discretion, to modify<br />
all or part of this code of procedure, to revoke the award, and to raise or reduce the<br />
amount of the award.<br />
Chapter II<br />
The Award for Young Researchers<br />
Sec. 7. Eligibility. The award for young researchers is open to a paper (co-) authored<br />
and presented by a researcher at an EARLI session organized by the SIG 13 if –<br />
i. The nominated author is scheduled to present the paper him- or<br />
i. herself at the conference.<br />
ii. The young researcher presents a paper at a SIG 13 session in EARLI<br />
i. for the first or second time.<br />
Sec. 8. Nomination. There can be self-nomination of an EARLI SIG 13 member or nomination<br />
by the supervisor, provided he or she is a member of SIG 13. If the supervisor<br />
nominating the paper is member of the Jury, Sec. 20 herein will apply.<br />
Sec 9. Submission date. The full paper must be submitted by July 1st before the EARLI<br />
Conference at which the paper will be presented.<br />
Sec. 10. Method of submission. The paper must be submitted as a pdf-file or as a scanned<br />
version of the paper. The paper must be sent no later than the submission date to the<br />
three members of the jury via their published e-mail addresses.<br />
Chapter III<br />
The Award for Published Papers<br />
Sec. 11. Eligibility.<br />
i. Only papers (co-)authored by SIG 13 members are eligible<br />
ii. Only one paper per SIG 13 member can be submitted.<br />
iii. Any papers published in the last two calendar years before the year<br />
i. of the EARLI conference are eligible (e.g., for the 2009 conference,<br />
i. papers published in 2007 and 2008 are eligible).<br />
iv. Only papers published as a monograph, a chapter in a book or in a<br />
i. refereed journal are eligible. The publication must have an ISBN<br />
i. number.<br />
v. The paper must be written according to APA rules.<br />
vi. The paper must be written in English or at least have an English<br />
i. abstract.<br />
Sec. 12. Nomination. The nomination can be by:<br />
i. The (co-)author or any other SIG 13 member.<br />
ii. A jury member. In this case, section 20 herein will apply.<br />
Sec. 13. Submission date. The paper must be submitted by May 1st of the year of the<br />
EARLI conference in which the award is given.<br />
Sec. 14. Method of submission. The paper must be submitted as a pdf-file or as a scan<br />
19
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
ned version of the paper. The paper must be sent no later than the submission date to the<br />
three members of the jury via their published e-mail addresses.<br />
TITLE III<br />
Judgment<br />
Chapter I<br />
Jury<br />
Sec. 15. Membership. The jury will consist of three members: the two SIG 13 coordinators<br />
and a person nominated by the Maslovaty Foundation.<br />
Sec. 16. Decision. Decisions of the jury will be unanimous.<br />
Sec. 17. Objections. The jury’s decision will be deemed final. No objection to any award<br />
will be considered.<br />
Chapter II<br />
Reviewing<br />
Sec. 18. External reviewer. The jury can request an external reviewer. Reviewers may,<br />
but do not need to, be members of SIG 13.<br />
Sec. 19. Paper not in English. If the paper is not in English, the jury must have three<br />
external reviewers fluent in the language of the paper.<br />
Sec. 20. Conflict of interest. The jury must have an external reviewer if the (co-) author<br />
or the nominator is a member of the jury. In this case, the reviewer is chosen by the two<br />
other jury members. The external reviewer may, but does not need to, be a member of<br />
EARLI.<br />
Chapter III<br />
Evaluation of Awardees<br />
Sec. 21. Decision deadline. Decisions will be made by the jury no later than 14 days<br />
before the date of the conference.<br />
Sec. 22. Lack of suitable candidates. The jury may decide not to grant an award at a<br />
particular conference, due to lack of suitable candidates.<br />
Sec. 23. Method of selection. The decision by the jury will have two stages: a) The in/<br />
out stage; b) The best of the best three papers.<br />
Sec. 24. Criteria for selection. The criteria for selection will be determined by the jury<br />
and will be published.<br />
Jean- Luc Patry<br />
Dimitris Pnevmatikos<br />
Maslovaty Foundation Coordinators of SIG 13<br />
20
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Dorit Alt invites you to discuss one of her ongoing<br />
studies. Below you will find a brief version of a forthcoming<br />
manuscript. You are more than welcome to<br />
send your comments to Dorit (doritalt@014.net.il).<br />
Motivational and Cultural<br />
Aspects Related to Students’<br />
Academic Dishonesty<br />
This explorative study aimed at empirically<br />
examining the set of theoretical connections<br />
between several factors that may predict<br />
tendency towards neutralizing cheating<br />
among Jewish and Arab undergraduate<br />
students. The factors are: goal orientations<br />
(Urdan, 1997), motivations (Ryan &<br />
Deci, 2000) and self-efficacy toward learning<br />
(Bandura, 1997). Students who cheat<br />
bypass learning in an effort to obtain higher<br />
marks. Thus they are not engaged in a<br />
constructive learning process, and do not<br />
obtain professional skills (Whitley & Keith-<br />
Spiegel, 2002). Therefore, it is important to<br />
examine the factors which could affect academic<br />
cheating, and to develop strategies of<br />
dealing with the problem. Another aspect<br />
of the present study relates to academic adjustment<br />
difficulties of Arab students that<br />
may influence their goals, motivations, and<br />
self-efficacy toward learning (Benziman,<br />
2002), therefore could be connected to academic<br />
dishonesty. The present study seeks<br />
to empirically explore this assumption.<br />
Research questions<br />
1. What are the empirical connections<br />
between purposes, motivations and selfefficacy<br />
towards learning, and tendency<br />
towards neutralizing cheating<br />
2. What are the differences between Jewish<br />
and Arab students (independent variable),<br />
regarding purposes, motivations and<br />
self-efficacy towards learning (mediating<br />
variables), and tendency towards neutralizing<br />
cheating (dependent variable)<br />
METHOD<br />
Participants<br />
The sample included 122 second year undergraduate<br />
students, from three academic<br />
colleges in north Israel, 63 Jewish, 59 Arabs.<br />
Mean age ranges from 21 to 25 years.<br />
Data collection:<br />
Procedure and instruments<br />
The following instruments were handed<br />
to the participants, who had the right to<br />
withdraw from the study at any time. All<br />
21
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
details regarding the participants’ personal<br />
identity were kept anonymous. Data were<br />
collected during one academic year.<br />
Instrument 1 included three sub-scales measuring<br />
goal orientations from Patterns of<br />
Adaptive Learning Scales collection (Midgley<br />
et al., 2000):<br />
1. Performance goal orientation: students’<br />
goal is to demonstrate their competence to<br />
other people within the academic institution<br />
sphere, namely, teachers or other students<br />
(9-item sub-scale, a=0.83).<br />
2. Parental Performance Goal: students’<br />
goal is to demonstrate their competence to<br />
their parents (5-item sub-scale, a= 0.89).<br />
3. Mastery goal orientation: students’ goal<br />
in an achievement setting is to develop<br />
their competence. Attention is focused on<br />
the task (4-item sub-scale a=0.72).<br />
Instrument 2 included three sub-scales evaluating<br />
college student learning motivation<br />
and self-efficacy from Motivated Strategies<br />
for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich,<br />
Smith, Garcia, & Mckeachie, 1993):<br />
1. Intrinsic motivation, measuring the student<br />
motivation for learning and understanding<br />
the courses` materials (9-item<br />
sub-scale a=0.77).<br />
2. Extrinsic motivation, measuring the student<br />
motivation for achieving high grades<br />
(4-item sub-scale a=0.76).<br />
3. Self-efficacy for learning, designed to<br />
measure the extent to which students believe<br />
that they have the competence and skills<br />
necessary for successful learning of the studied<br />
materials (4-item sub-scale a=0.70).<br />
All items in instruments 1 and 2 were arranged<br />
in Likert-style response format on<br />
a four-point scale ranging from (1) not at<br />
all true to (4) very true. Structural validity<br />
of the each questionnaire was examined<br />
using Principal Component Analysis with<br />
Varimax Rotation.<br />
Instrument 3: Neutralization scale (Haines<br />
et al., 1986). The scale consists of 18-items,<br />
designed to measure respondents’ tendency<br />
to neutralize cheating regarding three<br />
aspects:<br />
1. Teacher`s behavior, for example: doesn’t<br />
care if the students study or not (6 items,<br />
a=0.87).<br />
2. For example: too much material to study,<br />
the language is too difficult to understand<br />
(6 items, a=0.88).<br />
3. Social causes, such as: helping other student<br />
if he is in danger of losing his scholarship<br />
due to low grades (6 items, a=0.86).<br />
Respondents were asked to indicate their<br />
level of agreement with the items in a<br />
4-point Likert type scale, ranging from (1)<br />
strongly disagree to (4) strongly agrees.<br />
Structural validity of the scale was examined<br />
using Structural Equation Modeling<br />
(SEM).<br />
FINDINGS<br />
First question was examined using SEM.<br />
Second question was examined by Multivariate<br />
analysis and Step-Wise Discriminant<br />
Function analysis.<br />
The empirical model suggests parental<br />
oriented purposes (extrinsic) to be positively<br />
contributive to motivation towards scoring<br />
high grades (extrinsic) which increases<br />
tendency to neutralize cheating. Whereas,<br />
learning oriented purposes (intrinsic) positively<br />
contributes to motivation towards<br />
learning and understanding the material<br />
(intrinsic). This intrinsic motivation positively<br />
connected to self-efficacy perceptions<br />
regarding the studied materials, both these<br />
factors were found negatively connected to<br />
neutralizing cheating tendency (Chi-square<br />
= 23.34, df = 18, p =.178; RMSEA = 0.49; CFI<br />
=.989). Findings showed that Arab students,<br />
compared with the Jewish students:<br />
are more motivated towards grades, are<br />
aimed at showing their parents their per-<br />
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<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
formance, and tend to neutralize cheating<br />
when the studied material is perceived to<br />
be hard to understand.<br />
DISCUSSION<br />
This explorative study empirically tested<br />
several predictors of academic cheating<br />
with relation to cultural aspects. The study<br />
has theoretical as well as educational implications.<br />
For theory, the results suggests<br />
goal orientations to be indirectly connected<br />
to neutralizing cheating, namely, student`s<br />
tendency to justify cheating will not be directly<br />
affected by his extrinsic purposes, as<br />
suggested by theory, unless he is motivated<br />
towards achieving them. Consistent with<br />
theory (Finn & Frone, 2004), self-efficacy<br />
was found connected to intrinsic motivation,<br />
both negatively connected to neutralizing<br />
cheating.<br />
Regarding cultural aspects, findings indicate<br />
that Arab students consider their parents<br />
expectations while formulating their<br />
academic goals and are extrinsically motivated<br />
towards these goals. This could be<br />
explained by other studies indicating that<br />
minority parents are aimed at raising their<br />
children chances for successful integration,<br />
therefore put pressure on them to achieve<br />
high grades (Karipidis, 2002). Following<br />
this study results, this kind of pressure<br />
could lead to increased tendency to neutralize<br />
cheating once the student confronts<br />
academic challenges related to the studied<br />
materials.<br />
The educational implications of the results<br />
could relate to the necessity for establishing<br />
frameworks aimed at first, indentifying<br />
the Arab students academic needs,<br />
such as: language mastering skills. Second,<br />
equipping the Arab students with the tools<br />
they need to successfully cope with academic<br />
requirements.<br />
REFERENCES<br />
Murdock, T., & Anderman, E. (2006). Motivational<br />
perspectives on student cheating:<br />
Toward an integrated model of<br />
academic dishonesty. Educational Psychologist,<br />
41, 129-145.<br />
Ryan, R., & Deci, E. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic<br />
motivations: Classic definitions<br />
and new directions. Contemporary Educational<br />
Psychology, 25, 54-67.<br />
Whitley Jr., B., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (2002).<br />
Academic dishonesty: An educator’s guide.<br />
Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.<br />
Do you want to comment the text above<br />
Please send your comments<br />
to Dorit Alt (doritalt@014.net.il).<br />
23
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
SIG 13 SYMPOSIUM <strong>2010</strong><br />
Gentlemen<br />
at Work<br />
SIG 13 gathered for some intense<br />
working days in September.<br />
The SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong> reports from<br />
the latest SIG 13 Symposium in Israel.<br />
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<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
SIG 13 SYMPOSIUM <strong>2010</strong><br />
The Symposium in Brief<br />
Achva College of Education and the Mofet Institute<br />
were the two Israeli institutions that organized<br />
the 2nd Symposium of the SIG 13 at Tel-<br />
Aviv, between August 30th and September 2nd,<br />
<strong>2010</strong>. Roni Reingold was the chair of the local organizing<br />
committee and colleagues from the two<br />
institutes did their best to join a well organized<br />
and successful symposium. The scientific committee<br />
included the two SIG coordinators, Jean-<br />
Luc Patry and Dimitris Pnevmatikos, the SIG’s<br />
13 Jure coordinator Dorit Alt and four members,<br />
Naama Sabar, Ainat Guberman, Nitza Schwabsky<br />
and Roni Reingold, of the local institutions.<br />
If the 1st step is considered as the important<br />
start, the second is more important for the stability<br />
of the estate. The 2nd Symposium had entitled<br />
“Education and its influence on the society”<br />
and consisted of a Keynote address given by Dr.<br />
Yiftah Goldman on the topic “Is it good for Democracy<br />
A critique of Democratic Education”,<br />
and eight sessions of individual paper presentations.<br />
The first session devoted in memory of<br />
Nava Maslovaty, a founded SIG 13 member and<br />
coordinator (2003-2007) who she established the<br />
Nava Maslovaty Award for the members of the<br />
SIG 13 and she died last year. The other sessions<br />
included paper presentations that addressed topics<br />
of moral and democratic aspects on moral<br />
and democratic education at the level of class,<br />
school, teacher education and policy. Furthermore,<br />
the programme included SIG 13 business<br />
meeting, two excursions on Old Jaffa and on Beit<br />
Gurvin Caves, and much more...<br />
Comparing the two SIG 13 so far Symposia,<br />
at the 2nd Symposium four more accepted papers<br />
presented (24 to 20 in the 1st Symposium),<br />
coming from the same number of countries. Scholars<br />
from eight countries participated at both<br />
symposia (Austria, Cyprus, Greece, Israel, Norway,<br />
The Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland)<br />
and scholars from two new countries (Germany<br />
and Italy) were added instead of two (Belgium<br />
and Luxembourg) that missed. However, scholars<br />
were coming from 22 institutions, while at<br />
the 1st Symposium from 16. The 37% increase of<br />
the participated institutions seems to be an encouraging<br />
statistic and promising from the future<br />
of the SIG 13.<br />
On behalf of the SIG 13 members, I would like<br />
to express our gratitude to Roni Reingold and the<br />
local organization committee, each one of them<br />
personally for their great effort and for the time<br />
they spend to have this exceptional organization<br />
of the 2nd Symposium.<br />
Dimitris Pnevmatikos<br />
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<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
SIG 13 SYMPOSIUM <strong>2010</strong><br />
How was your SIG 13 Symposium<br />
Hermann Abs: ”SIG 13 Symposium in Tel Aviv is still with me: A<br />
high density of experiences, which is still difficult to connect: The<br />
beauty of Israel and the conflicts form yesterday and from today.<br />
Already on our first day an old man spoke to my partner and me<br />
in a shop; he had heard us speaking German, and joined our<br />
conversation. His family managed to escape from Nazi-Germany<br />
to Israel in 1936. Later in Achva we were introduced into the<br />
Holocaust commemoration room of the college. The question<br />
occurred how we connect our knowledge form the past to the<br />
problems of our societies today. Some of the contributions to<br />
the conference also dealt with the question how we can transmit<br />
other people experiences into teaching and learning. What<br />
kind of experiences do and should we permit, facilitate and support<br />
in our educational settings The examples and research<br />
approaches presented during the conference contributed to an<br />
answer, but they also helped me by distinguishing the question.”<br />
How was your SIG 13 Symposium<br />
Catherine Dimitriadou: ”One of our most unexpected and outstanding<br />
experiences unfolded at the Capish Café, in Nalaga’at<br />
Center, Tel Aviv (http://www.nalagaat.org.il/kapish.php). In this<br />
stylish, warm and exciting place, SIG 13 members were engaged<br />
in a thought provoking event which introduced us to the society<br />
of deaf people and enabled us to communicate with them<br />
through a combination of hand shapes, orientation and movement<br />
of hands. After having been served a series of uniquely<br />
‘fresh’ dishes, not only did we have an opportunity to attend a<br />
‘performance event’ organized by the deaf and hearing-impaired<br />
waiters but also to acknowledge their collective initiative and<br />
realize how disability can be equated with cultural difference.”<br />
How was your SIG 13 Symposium<br />
Lena Fritzén: ”The last day at Achva College made a great<br />
impression on me. I listened to a number of truly interesting presentations<br />
that concerned the troubled situation in Israel. The<br />
researchers appeared to be genuinely committed to their work,<br />
and I was indeed encouraged by the fact that research on moral<br />
and democratic education really can make a difference in peoples’<br />
every-day life. I learnt a lot, and now I know a bit more about<br />
the Bedouins of Israel.”<br />
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<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Minutes from the SIG 13<br />
Business Meeting in Israel<br />
Tuesday 31 August <strong>2010</strong><br />
The meeting was split into two parts (8:30 – 9.15; 16:45 -17:30).<br />
Number of participants: 17<br />
Coordinators: Jean-Luc Patry and Dimitris Pnevmatikos<br />
Agenda SIG 13 Business Meeting <strong>2010</strong> (see also SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong>, issue # 6, p. 17)<br />
1. Opening, welcome, membership, decision making<br />
2. Minutes of this meeting<br />
3. Minutes of the last meeting<br />
4. Changes in the agenda<br />
5. Coordinators’, <strong>Newsletter</strong> editor’s and JURE coordinator’s reports; questions,<br />
discussion and decisions<br />
6. Members’ reports; questions, discussion and decisions<br />
7. Elections<br />
a. JURE coordinator<br />
b. New coordinator (propositions for 2011)<br />
c. <strong>Newsletter</strong> editor (discussion)<br />
8. Mission statement<br />
9. EARLI Biannual Conference Exeter 2011<br />
10. Third SIG 13 Symposium 2012<br />
11. Future activities<br />
12. Varia<br />
1. Opening welcome, membership, decision making<br />
g 17 members were present<br />
2. Minutes of this meeting<br />
g Brigitte Latzko<br />
3. Minutes of the last meeting 26/08/2009 Amsterdam<br />
g No remarks or comments, minutes of the last meeting are proved,<br />
thanks to Dimitiris Pnevmatikos.<br />
4. Changes in the agenda<br />
Cees Klaassen suggested to discuss how we can improve our proposals/<br />
contributions for Exeter 2011. The meeting decided to discuss this issue<br />
within point 9 of the agenda (see below).<br />
g Agenda of the day meeting is accepted<br />
5. Coordinators’, <strong>Newsletter</strong> editor’s and JURE coordinator’s reports; questions,<br />
discussion and decisions<br />
Coordinators’ report<br />
SIG 13 wants to establish an internal review system with a feedback for preparing<br />
strong proposals for the Conference in Exeter 2012 (see below).<br />
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<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
<strong>Newsletter</strong> editor’s report<br />
SIG 13 wishes to thank Anna Tapola for her commitment and the high quality<br />
of the newsletter. The newsletter strengthens the position of SIG 13 within EARLI.<br />
Anna Tapola will resign in Exeter; Eveline Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger is nominated<br />
as successor for the elections in Exeter.<br />
NOTE: To remain this quality in the future it is necessary for all members<br />
to answer the newsletter editor’s call and to hold the deadlines.<br />
JURE Coordinator’s report<br />
Dorit Alt informs the SIG 13 that the JURE conference <strong>2010</strong> was in Frankfurt,<br />
Germany. She asks the SIG members to get more PhD students involved in JURE.<br />
Wiel Veugelers asked Dorit Alt to prepare a text to invite young researchers to<br />
engage in JURE. All members can forward this invitation to their PhDs. All<br />
members of the SIG 13 agree to give this more personal way of invitation<br />
a trial – SIG 13 thanks Dorit Alt for her commitment and her work.<br />
Since Dorit Alt has been appointed provisionally by the coordinators as<br />
a JURE Assistant Coordinator, she (or another JURE member) has<br />
to be elected/confirmed.<br />
6. Members’ reports; questions, discussion and decisions<br />
g There are no members’ reports.<br />
7. Elections<br />
a. JURE coordinator<br />
g Dorit Alt would remain and continue the work: this was confirmed<br />
by unanimity.<br />
b. New coordinator (propositions for 2011)<br />
Karin Heinrichs 1 from Frankfurt was proposed to be Jean Luc’s successor.<br />
Wiel Veugelers and Cees Klaassen called for more contributions. Diego Di Masi<br />
suggested to invite nominated persons to introduce themselves and their ideas<br />
how to improve SIG 13 in the newsletter.<br />
g We opened a discussion and invited other nominations. There were no further<br />
propositions. The election will be in Exeter.<br />
c. <strong>Newsletter</strong> editor (discussion)<br />
Eveline Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger 2 was nominated to continue the work<br />
(unanimity).<br />
8. Mission statement<br />
The final mission statement of SIG 13 has to be provided. The Coordinators<br />
followed the request of the EARLI board to shorten the first version of<br />
the SIG 13 mission statement.<br />
1<br />
heinrichs@wiwi.uni-frankfurt.de<br />
Dr. Karin Heinrichs, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt/Main, Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Professur für<br />
Wirtschaftspädagogik, insb. empirische Lehr-Lern-Forschung Prof. Dr. Eveline Wuttke, Grüneburgweg 1, 60629<br />
Frankfurt/Main, Telefon: 0049 (069) 798-34684;<br />
http://www.wiwi.uni-frankfurt.de/professoren/prof-dr-wuttke/professur-fuer-wirtschaftspaedagogik/<br />
team/dr-karin-heinrichs.html<br />
2<br />
eveline.gutzwiller @ phz.ch; Eveline Gutzwiller, Prof. Dr. phil., Töpferstrasse 10, 6004 Luzern (Switzerland);<br />
0041-041 228 71 55 http://www.luzern.phz.ch/eveline-gutzwiller<br />
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<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
g The actual mission statement as available on the SIG 13 website was<br />
accepted by unanimity.<br />
9. EARLI Biannual Conference Exeter 2011<br />
The Coordinators reported that there are two slots which are not under review:<br />
- The Invited Symposium<br />
- The Future & Vision session<br />
g So far we have two projects that will be presented in the Future & Vision<br />
session:<br />
1. The Linnaeus Project<br />
2. An ERASMUS Research project on education for an intercultural democratic<br />
citizenship<br />
g Five symposia are under preparation for Exeter (Organizers’ names and titles<br />
of symposia is provided below.).<br />
1. Karin Heinrichs: Immoral Behavior: A Result of a Lack of Moral Motivation<br />
2. Anna M. Tapola & Brigitte Latzko: The Linnaeus Project and Education<br />
for a Global Networked Society<br />
3. Jostein Saether & Jean-Luc Patry: Values Education in Science Teaching<br />
4. Cees Klaassen: Current Trends in Teaching about Moral and Democratic Values<br />
5. Dimitris Pnevmatikos: Developing the Moral Self in School Settings<br />
Fourteen members (1 abstention) vote for the suggestion that Jean-Luc should<br />
organize the invited symposium. It will be the joint symposium with Jostein.<br />
The Future & Vision session will deal with The Linnaeus Project (Anna M. Tapola<br />
and Lena Fritzen) and the ERASMUS project (Wiel Veugelers). Both Anna M.<br />
Tapola and Lena Fritzen as well as Wiel Veugelers, will provide abstracts to<br />
Jean-Luc Patry for submission of the F&V Session.<br />
It is up to the individual members to submit additional symposia that will be<br />
subject to the regular review procedure. Remark of Cees Klaassen: moral issues<br />
are not very popular. We have to be very clear about empirical data; we should<br />
be keen on submitting strong papers.<br />
10. Third SIG 13 Symposium 2012<br />
Several venues are discussed<br />
EARLI supports the symposium with 2000 Euros under the condition that<br />
an appropriate budget is provided on time. All members agreed with the<br />
following procedure:<br />
• Bergen (Jostein Saether) is the first choice for the SIG 13 Symposium 2012.<br />
However, Jostein needs the approval of his University. If this is not given:<br />
• Second choice is Sweden (Linnaeus University: Lena Fritzen & Anna M. Tapola).<br />
However, Lena Fritzen and Anna Tapola need the approval of their University.<br />
If this is not given:<br />
• Third choice is Amsterdam or one of the other ERASMUS partners’ country<br />
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<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
(Wiel Veugelers is in charge). If this is not possible,<br />
• Fourth choice is a venue in Germany (probably Leipzig, Brigitte Latzko).<br />
We have to make up our minds prior to the meeting in Exeter 2012, therefore<br />
Jostein Saether (Bergen) figures out the possibility to have the symposium<br />
in Bergen and he lets the coordinators know not later than October <strong>2010</strong>. If it<br />
doesn’t work to organize the symposia in Bergen, Lena Fritzen (Sweden) will<br />
check out next the possibility and so on.<br />
11. Future activities<br />
Our next ‘future activitiy’ is the Maslovaty Awards regarding a presentation in<br />
Exeter and a publication.<br />
Please nominate a publication no later than May 2011 and a presentation<br />
scheduled for Exeter no later than July 2011 (see the Code of Procedure for the<br />
Maslovaty Awards). The Jury of the Maslovaty Awards consists of the SIG 13<br />
coordinators and a representative of the Maslovaty Foundation.<br />
12. Varia<br />
Wiel Veugelers calls for proposals for a book within the Sense book series<br />
(series editors: Fritz Oser and Wiel Veugelers); maybe ‘the curriculum and moral<br />
education’ could be a topic for an upcoming book or ‘teacher education<br />
and moral development’.<br />
(Note: Please stimulate people for submitting a proposal)<br />
Brigitte Latzko (minutes)<br />
Jean-Luc Patry and Dimitris Pnevmatikos (coordinators)<br />
30
<strong>Newsletter</strong> from EARLI SIG 13 Moral and Democratic Education – Issue # 7<br />
Guidelines for Authors<br />
Members are encouraged to submit texts and other contributions to the SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong>.<br />
This newsletter is intended to be a service for the members – an opportunity to learn and<br />
to gain from other people’s experiences. By submitting contributions to the newsletter,<br />
each author is assumed to fully accept the guidelines below. However, these guidelines<br />
are not set in stone: readers are cordially invited to suggest improvements. Please send<br />
any suggested changes for the better to the editor (Anna.Tapola@lnu.se).<br />
Formats<br />
SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong> welcomes contributions in varying formats, for example:<br />
• Reports can consist of short summaries from meetings or other events of interest<br />
to the SIG 13 community.<br />
• The Notice Board consists of short announcements where notices will be published<br />
under categories (and subheadings) such as Forthcoming meetings (including<br />
conferences, workshops, summer schools etc), Publications, etc.<br />
• Articles that enable the authors to develop and explore a line of argument of interest<br />
to the readership.<br />
Language and Manuscript<br />
Many of us have first languages other than English. Even so, in the newsletter we will<br />
stick to English as our good old lingua franca.<br />
• Contributions should be submitted electronically to the editor<br />
(Anna.Tapola@lnu.se). Send your contributions as an attachment to an e-mail. Please<br />
use Word-files for text (doc suffix). Photos, tables, illustrations or other figures can be<br />
submitted as jpg, eps, or Photoshop files.<br />
• The author’s identity and e-mail address must be provided on the top of the first<br />
manuscript page. Below that, please add the following sentence:<br />
This manuscript does not interfere with any third party’s copyright.<br />
• Manuscripts for the Notice Board should be short, and each announcement should<br />
not exceed 150 words.<br />
• Manuscripts for reports should not exceed 500 words, and should not include an<br />
abstract or bibliography.<br />
• Manuscripts for articles should not exceed 2500 words, including references and<br />
abstract. Abstracts should not exceed 100 words. Footnotes should be avoided.<br />
Please use APA style (sixth edition) for references.<br />
Copyright and Legal Matters<br />
SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong> supports the authors’ legal rights to their own works. This means<br />
the copyright will stay with the author, and it will not be transferred to the SIG 13<br />
<strong>Newsletter</strong>. Consequently, the author has full legal responsibility with regard to texts,<br />
figures, photos or other contributions that are published in the newsletter.<br />
• The individual authors retain the copyright to their work.<br />
• The newsletter will not publish anonymous contributions.<br />
• Make sure that your contribution does not contain any copyrighted material that<br />
belongs to someone else (third party).<br />
• Please contact the editor if you are at all uncertain about the copyright of your<br />
contribution to the SIG 13 <strong>Newsletter</strong>.<br />
31