PDF dokument - Center za kartografijo favne in flore

Atlas predstavlja trenutno poznavanje razøirjenosti netopirjev v Sloveniji, kljuœno za njegov nastanek pa je bilo obseæno
terensko delo ob nenadomestljivem sodelovanju mnogih raziskovalcev. Priœakujemo, da bo priœujoœe delo spodbudilo
nadaljnje raziskave in si æelimo, da bi predstavljeni podatki prispevali k uœinkovitejøemu varstvu netopirjev in njihovih
habitatov.
The Atlas, which was made possible largely due to the extensive fieldwork and indispensable cooperation by numerous
researchers, presents the current knowledge of bat distribution in Slovenia. We expect that the work will instigate
further research and sincerely hope that the presented facts will contribute to a more effective conservation of bats
and their habitats.
ATLAS FAUNAE ET FLORAE SLOVENIAE 2
Uredili / Edited by
Primoæ Presetnik, Klemen Koselj & Maja Zagmajster
Atlas netopirjev (Chiroptera) Slovenije
Atlas of the bats (Chiroptera) of Slovenia
Uredniki se z raziskovanjem netopirjev ukvarjajo od leta 1996. Vsi so leta 2002 diplomirali s temami s
podroœja ekologije oz. morfologije netopirjev na Oddelku za biologijo Biotehniøke fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani
pri prof. dr. Borisu Kryøtufku ali doc. dr. Petru Trontlju. Leta 1998 so bili med ustanovitelji Sekcije za prouœevanje
in varstvo netopirjev pri Druøtvu øtudentov biologije, ki je leta 2001 prerasla v samostojno druøtvo. Vsi
trije so podiplomski øtudentje, zaposleni na Centru za kartografijo favne in flore, Oddelku za æivalsko fiziologijo
Zooloøkega inøtituta Univerze v Tübingenu in na Oddelku za biologijo Biotehniøke fakultete v Ljubljani.
The Atlas’s editors have been engaged in bat research since 1996. They all graduated in 2002 from the sphere
of ecology and morphology of bats at Department of Biology at the Biotechnical Faculty, Ljubljana University,
under the tutelage of Prof Dr Boris Kryøtufek and Asst Prof Dr Peter Trontelj. In 1998, they were among the
founders of the Section for Bat Research and Conservation (within the Biology Students Association), which in
2001 became an independent association. All three are postgraduate students, currently employed at the
Centre for the Cartography of Fauna and Flora, Department of Animal Physiology at the Zoological Institute,
Tübingen University and Department of Biology of the Biotechnical Faculty in Ljubljana, respectively.
v sodelovanju s Slovenskim druøtvom za prouœevanje in varstvo netopirjev /
in cooperation with SDPVN – Slovenian Association for Bat Research and Conservation
Center za kartografijo favne in flore / Centre for the Cartography of Fauna and Flora
2005

Avtorji / Authors
Primoæ Presetnik
Klemen Koselj
Maja Zagmajster
Nataøa Aupiœ Zupanœiœ
Katerina Jazbec
Uroø Æibrat
Alenka Petrinjak
Andrej Hudoklin
Avtorji fotografij /
Authors of the photographs
Primoæ Presetnik
Uroø Æibrat
Maja Zagmajster
Christian Dietz
Katerina Jazbec
Branko Karapanfia
Branka Trœak
Opombe in zahvale /
Notes and acknowledgements
Dr. Tomi Trilar, dr. Jan Zukal, doc. dr.
Zdenek Rehák, Herman Limpens in Lothar
Bach so nas spoznali z metodami
terenskega dela in nas spodbujali k
preuœevanju netopirjev. Prof. dr. Boris
Kryøtufek nam je pomagal s strokovnimi
nasveti, materialom in literaturo.
Peter H. C. Lina nas je øe kot øtudente
vzel v svoje varstvo in nas dokonœno
zapeljal na pot raziskovanja netopirjev.
Andrej Kapla je nesebiœno prispeval veliko
podatkov o netopirjih v jamah.
Dr. Arjan Boonman, dr. Björn Siemers in
Andrea Schaub so pomagali pri
doloœevanju zvoœnih posnetkov netopirjev.
Aleksandra Leønik je izdelala kartografske
priloge in grafe.
Christian Dietz in Branko Karapanfia sta
prijazno prispevala nekatere fotografije
netopirjev.
Dr. Björn Siemers, dr. Guido Reiter in
Christian Dietz so pregledali in izboljøali
rokopise.
Druøtvo øtudentov biologije nam je na
zaœetku raziskovanja priskoœilo na pomoœ z
organizacijsko strukturo.
^ ^
Dr Tomi Trilar, Dr Jan Zukal, Asst Prof Dr
Zdenek Rehák, Herman Limpens and
Lothar Bach acquainted us thoroughly with
the necessary fieldwork methods,
stimulating us in further study of bats. Prof
Dr Boris Kryøtufek kindly helped us with
expert advice, material and literature.
Peter H. C. Lina took us, when still
students, under his wing and finally placed
us on the path of a true bat research.
Andrej Kapla unselfishly contributed
numerous data on cave bats.
Dr Arjan Boonman, Dr Björn Siemers and
Andrea Schaub helped us in the
identification of the bats’ sound
recordings.
Aleksandra Leønik greatly assited us by
drawing geographical charts and graphs.
Christian Dietz and Branko Karapanfia
kindly contributed some of the bats’
photos.
Dr Björn Siemers, Dr Guido Reiter and
Christian Dietz reviewed and improved the
manuscripts.
At the beginning of our research, the
Biology Students Association kindly
offered us their help in organisational
structure.
^ ^
Priœujoœa knjiga je celovit prikaz razøirjenosti netopirjev v Sloveniji na podlagi 6453
opazovanj netopirjev na 1567 najdiøœih. Vkljuœeni so vsi znani podatki do vkljuœno junija
2005. Pridobljeni so bili s pregledovanjem zatoœiøœ, mreæenjem, ultrazvoœnimi detektorji
in zbiranjem ostankov mrtvih netopirjev. Pregled zajema tudi podatke iz 203 literaturnih
virov in muzejskih zbirk. Kar 83 % podatkov je iz obdobja po letu 1995, zato atlas
verodostojno prikazuje trenutno poznavanje razøirjenosti netopirjev pri nas.
The present book is a comprehensive survey of bats distributed in Slovenia. It is based on
6,453 observations at 1,567 localities, including all the known data collected till June
2005. They were obtained through the examination of roost sites, with the aid of netting
and ultrasound detectors, and by gathering the remains of dead bats. The survey also
includes data from 203 literature sources and museum collections. As no less than 83 %
of all data originate from the post-1995 period, the atlas no doubt authentically presents
the current knowledge of bat distribution in our country.
V zadnjih desetih letih se je øtevilo najdiøœ velikega podkovnjaka moœno poveœalo. Prevladujejo najdbe zatoœiøœ.
Manjøi deleæ opazovanj je iz prehranjevalnih habitatov.
In the last few years, the number of discovered localities of greater horseshoe bat has greatly increased,
particularly roost sites, with somewhat smaller share of feeding habitats.
Veœina najdb je pod 900 m n.m.,
veœina kotiøœ pa pod 300 m n.m.
Most of the finds were recorded
below 900 m a.s.l, with most of
the maternity roosts found below
300 m a.s.l.
Legenda: 1 – cerkev/grad;
2 – stanovanjske stavbe;
3 – klet; 4 – jame; 5 – duplo;
6 – ob luœeh; 7 – gozd;
8 – rob gozda; 9 – sadovnjak/
vrt/park/mejice; 10 – paønik,
travnik; 11 – ob in nad vodnim
bregom; 12 – drugo;
13 – neznano
Legend: 1 – church/castle;
2 – residential buildings;
3 – cellar; 4 – caves;
5 – tree cavity; 6 – along
lights; 7 – forest; 8 – forest
edge; 9 – orchard/garden/
park/hedges; 10 – pasture,
grassland; 11 – along and
above banks; 12 – other;
13 – unknown
Najpogosteje smo velike podkovnjake naøli v jamah, redkeje
v stavbah, zelo redka pa so opazovanja v prehranjevalnih
habitatih.
Most of the greater horseshoe bats were found in caves,
fewer in buildings, and only exceptionally in feeding
habitats.
Poleg natanœnega teksta o razøirjenosti,
zatoœiøœih, selitvah, prehranskih habitatih
in prehrani ter o velikosti populacij in
varstveni problematiki je vsaka vrsta
predstavljena s kartami in grafi, ki so tu
prikazani na primeru velikega
podkovnjaka.
Apart from a detailed text with
distribution, roost sites, migrations,
feeding habitats, diet, population size and
conservation status, each species is
supplied with charts and graphs, which
are here presented on the case of the
greater horseshoe bat.
Veliki podkovnjak (Rhinolophus
ferrumequinum) je sploøno razøirjen na
obrobju niæin in v hribovju, veœinoma v kraøkih
predelih. Doslej øe ni bil najden v visokogorju
in Prekmurju.
Greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus
ferrumequinum is generally distributed in
lowland as well as hilly country,
predominantly inhabiting karst areas. It has
not been recorded in the uplands and in the
Prekmurje region.
Priloæen je seznam natanœnih najdiøœ
netopirjev, razvrøœenih po UTM kvadratih.
Each text includes a list of the bats’ accurate
localities within UTM squares.
Poznamo 16 kotiøœ velikega podkovnjaka ter øtevilna prezimovaliøœa, vendar le v petih prezimuje veœ kot
100 osebkov oziroma v devetih veœ kot 50.
Foto / Photo: U. Æibrat
Sixteen maternity roosts of the greater horseshoe bat are known as well as numerous hibernacula, although only
in five of them more than 100 individuals and more than 50 in nine hibernacula are known to spend the winter.
Atlas netopirjev (Chiroptera) Slovenije bo izøel proti koncu leta 2005. Naroœila so moæna na
www.ckff.si/publikacije/atlasnetopirjev ali na naslovu Center za kartografijo favne in flore,
Antoliœiœeva 1, SI-2204 Miklavæ na Dravskem polju. Cena brez poøtnine je 5300 SIT.
The Atlas of the Bats (Chiroptera) of Slovenia will be published before the end of 2005.
Orders can be placed on www.ckff.si/publikacije/atlasnetopirjev or sent to Center za
kartografijo favne in flore, Antoliœiœeva 1, SI-2204 Miklavæ na Dravskem polju. Price (not
including postage): 5,300 SIT (22 ).
V zadnjih 165 letih je podatke o
netopirjih v Sloveniji prispevalo
pribliæno 160 oseb. Vsak
podatek o netopirjih je bil
koristen in hvaleæni smo vsem,
ki so jih prispevali.
In the last 165 years, bat data
have been contributed by about
160 people. Every single
information has been most
useful, and we are grateful to
all the contributors.
Nataøa Aupiœ Zupanœiœ, A. u. W. Baar, Lothar
Bach, Tinka Baœiœ, Marjan Bariœiœ, Karmen
Bencik, Martina Bergant, Irena Bertoncelj,
K. Bez, Helena Bogataj, Marco Bognolo,
Arjan M. Boonman, Tone Brancelj, Savo
Brelih, L. Breskvar, Zdravko Buœar, Zdenek
Buøiœ, Vesna Cafuta, Izidor Cankar, Matilda
Cerar, E. Christian, Miran Œas, Ana Œehovin,
Tatjana Œelik, Matjaæ Œernila, Jaroslav
Œervený, Vanja Debevec, Damijan Denac,
Duøan Devetak, Christian Dietz, Beatrica
fluliå, Andrej Drevenøek, Matej Dular,
R. Eder, Bojana Fajdiga, Ivan Esenko, Cene
Fiøer, Helmut Frank, Henrik Freyer, Æiga
Gomboc, Øpela Goriœki, Bernard Gorøak,
Marijan Govediœ, Janez Gregori, Matej
Hafner, Vladimir Hanzal, Marta Hlad, Andrej
Hudoklin, Darija Huzimec, P. Jamnik, Franci
Janæekoviœ, Katerina Jazbec, Andrej Jus, Ulf
Iskender Kaschl, Joæe Koøir, Andrej Kapla,
Roman Kenk, Franc Kljun, Tomaæ Klopœiœ,
F. Knez, Ksenja Kohek, Karel Kordik, Tjaøa
Korenœiœ, Ingrid Kaipf, Ivan Kos, Klemen
Koselj, Rok Kostanjøek, Mladen Kotarac,
Vanja Kovaœiœ, Simona Kralj, T. Kraøevec,
Irena Kodele Kraøna, Luka Kremæar, Boris
Kryøtufek, Zvezdana Kræiœ, Matej Kræiœ,
Tomaæ Kræiønik, Jana Kus Veenvliet, Ljudevit
Kuøœer, Valika Kuøtor, Nace Labernik, Ljerka
Lah, Aleksandra Leønik, Liechtenstern,
Herman J. G. A. Limpens, Tjaøa Lokovøek,
Jerøinoviœ von Löwengreif, Sonja Lukner,
Tihomir Makovec, Urøa Markelj, Blanka
Markoviœ, Jure Marolt, V. & E. Martino,
Sergej Matvejev, Tomaæ Miklavœiœ, Œarna
Miloø, Anja Mokranjec, Zoltan Nagy, Tomaæ
Nosan, Tone Novak, Bernarda Novak, Maja
Pavlin, Matija Perne, Stanka Perne, Inge
Pestotnik, Alenka Petrinjak, Boris Petrov,
Franci Pohleven, Slavko Polak, Boøtjan
Potisk, Rudi Potoœnik, Mitja Prelovøek,
Primoæ Presetnik, Janez Preøern, Egon
Pretner, Katarina Prosenc, A. Proøek,
Marko Prøina, Lucija Ramøak, Silvo Ramøak,
Zdenek Rehák, Otmar Reiser, Aljaæ Rijavec,
Blaæ Rozman, Borut Rubiniœ, Zvone Samsa,
R. Savnik, E. Schneider, Isabel Schunger,
Katarina Senegaœnik, Björn Siemers,
Marko Simiå, Ignac Sivec, Boris Sket, Ana
Skoberne, B. Slabanja, Rajko Slapnik, Rado
Smerdu, Andrej Sovinc, David Stankoviœ,
Miha Staut, Uroø Stepiønik, Vekoslava
Stibilj, Joæe Straæiøœar, Ali Øalamun, Maja
Øebart, Dare Øere, Alfred Øerko, Alfred
Øerko ml., Iztok Økornik, Andrej Øorgo,
Mojmir Øtangelj, I. Øuøtar, Branka Tavzes,
Duøan Tominc, Tomi Trilar, Alojz Troha, Peter
Trontelj, Marcel Uhrin, Rafko Urankar, Paul
Veenvliet, Mile Velikonja, France Velkavrh,
Rudi Verovnik, Brane Vreø, Al Vrezec,
Boøtjan Vrviøœar, Mojca Vrviøœar Zazula, Eva
Vukeliœ, Maja Zagmajster, R. Zalar, Johann
Zelebor, Leopold Zor, R. Zor, Tomaæ Zorman,
Jan Zukal, Uroø Æibrat, Joæe Æumer
^ ^