Diabetic Retinopathy & Medical Retina - aioseducation
Diabetic Retinopathy & Medical Retina - aioseducation
Diabetic Retinopathy & Medical Retina - aioseducation
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70th AIOC Proceedings, Cochin 2012<br />
Increasing number of people being affected by the disease worldwide, the need<br />
for the early detection and management of the disease and its complications<br />
have made clinicians all over the world search for NEW DIAGNOSTIC<br />
TECHNIQUES for the early detection of diabetic retinopathy. Ancillary<br />
investigations like Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA), Ultrasound B-scan<br />
of the eye, Perimetry and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) have gained<br />
good popularity. FFA being invasive, Ultrasound is not quantitative; Perimetry<br />
does not give anatomical details while OCT is qualitative, quantitative, noninvasive,<br />
and accurate with good repeatability.<br />
MATERIALS AND METHODS<br />
The study is a hospital based cross sectional investigational study of 100 eyes<br />
of <strong>Diabetic</strong> Macular Edema in various stages. The BCVA was noted in logMAR<br />
units. Patients were evaluated for the Slit lamp evaluation of the anterior<br />
segment, Fundus examination with the Indirect Ophthalmoscopy. Macula was<br />
evaluated using the Slit Lamp Biomicroscopy with the 78D lens and then with<br />
the 3D SPECTRAL OCT/SLO. Central <strong>Retina</strong>l Thickness, Topography Map<br />
and the Microperimetry values were noted using the OCT. Macula was graded<br />
into different types of edema with the help of Clinical Slit Lamp evaluation<br />
and the OCT. FFA was done on the Carl Zeiss machine.<br />
Slit Lamp Examination classified the macula into:<br />
• Grade I: Focal (Non diffuse) edema<br />
• Grade II: Diffuse edema<br />
• Grade III: Cystoid Macular edema<br />
• Grade IV: With ERM(Epiretinal Membrane)<br />
• Grade V: With Serous RD (<strong>Retina</strong>l Detachment)/Tractional RD<br />
OCT classified macula into :<br />
• Group I: Spongy Thickening<br />
• Group II: Cystoid Edema<br />
• Group III: Serous RD<br />
• Group IV: Vitreomacular Traction/TRD<br />
• Group V: Taut Posterior Hyaloid Membrane<br />
FFA evaluated for No Leak, Focal Leak, Diffuse Leak, Cystoid Leak or<br />
Ischaemic Macula.<br />
OCT evaluation was done using the Macular Scan protocol using 6 radial scans<br />
of the macula. Macular Sensitivity was determined using the Microperimetry<br />
by an in built eye tracking software of the machine on a 0-20 db scale.<br />
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