Index A Absorption. See Detection, absorption Additives. See Buffers, additives Adsorption, 19, 20, 24, 25, 30, 36-39, 91, 92, 102 Amino acids. See Applications Applications amino acids, 47, 53, 56, 60, 67 carbohydrates, 99 of CGE, 73, 74 chiral molecules, 52-54 of CIEF, 77 of CITP, 78, 79 of CZE, 47, 51, 53, 54, 58-62 DNA, 29, 54, 70, 71-74 environmental, 60, 61 explosives, 67, 69 glycoproteins, 58, 59 illicit drugs, 68 inorganic ions, 41 of MEKC, 67-69 oligonucleotides, 71-73, 111 organic acids, 41, 79 peptides, 38, 39, 47, 51, 58-60, 68, 75, 96, 99, 105 pharmaceuticals, 53, 60, 61, 67 proteins, 47, 55, 56, 60, 59, 69-71, 73-74 sulfonic acids, 60, 61 Apparent mobility, 27. See also Sample mobility Autosampling, 109, 110 B Beer’s law, 99, 100 Bubble cell, 104, 105 Bubbles, in gels, 72 Buffers See also Surfactants additives, 26, 39, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54-58, 60, 62-66. chiral additives, 60, 66 concentration, 26, 34, 42, 50, 53, 57, 58, 66, 90, 96, 102 depletion, 111 ‘Good’, 50 ion mobility, 17, 18, 34, 40, 41, 48, 50, 78. See also Effective mobility leveling, 102, 86, 109, 112 pH, 24-26, 48-51, 56, 57, 66, 67, 92, 95, 111 properties, 48-50 replenishment,82, 109, 111, 112 selection, 48-50 surfactants, 48, 51-54, 57, 62-69, 66 temperature. See Temperature viscosity, 24, 32, 84, 85, 86, 94, 95, 112 zwitterionic, 38, 49, 58, 66, 68 128
Index C Calibration curve, 97, 100, See also Detection Capacity factor, 37, 38, 64, 65 Capillaries batch-to-batch reproducibility, 102, 103 bubble cell, 104,105 conditioning, 92, 93 extended light path, 104, 105 fused silica, 16, 19, 20, 22, 37, 38, 50, 90, 91, 93 internal diameters, 16, 23, 34, 35, 70, 91 lengths, 27, 28, 36, 37, 83, 85, 87, 91 narrow-bore, 10, 13, 16, 31, 55, 65, 71 properties, 22, 29, 90, 91 surface area-to-volume ratio, 10, 31, 37, 55 Teflon, 20, 22, 91 thermostating. See Cooling. wall interaction. See Sample, wall interaction. See also Adsorption wall modification, 54-58 adhered phases, 55-57 bonded phases, 26, 55, 56, 57, 76. See adhered phases covalent coatings. See bonded phases dynamic coatings, 26, 57, 58, 76 Capillary gel <strong>electrophoresis</strong> (CGE), 24, 46, 69-74 Capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF), 24, 46, 75-77 Capillary isotachophoresis (CITP), 24, 46, 78-79, 88 Capillary zone <strong>electrophoresis</strong> (CZE), 21, 26, 46-62, 72 Carbohydrates. See Applications, carbohydrates Cationic surfactants. See Surfactants CDs. See Cyclodextrins, CGE. See Capillary gel <strong>electrophoresis</strong> Chiral analysis, 11, 52-54. See also Buffers, chiral additives CIEF. See Capillary isoelectric focusing CITP. See Capillary isotachophoresis CMC. See Critical micelle concentration Coatings. See Capillaries, wall modification Convective broadening. See Sample, diffusion Conductivity, electrical, 34, 40, 51, 61, 68, 83, 87-89, 103, 107, 110 thermal, 32, 32, detector, 98 Cooling, 35, 93, 110. See also Temperature high velocity air, 35, 93 liquid, 35, 93 Critical micelle concentration, 51, 52, 62 Cyclodextrins, 52-54 CZE. See Capillary zone <strong>electrophoresis</strong> 129
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An introduction High performance ca
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Copyright © 2000 Agilent Technolog
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Foreword Capillary electrophoresis
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Table of content Foreword .........
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Scope The purpose of this book is t
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Introduction 1.1 High performance c
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Introduction sis, methods for on-ca
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Principles 2.1 Historical backgroun
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Principles that ion. The mobility i
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Principles the exact pI of fused si
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Principles µ EOF × 10 -4 (cm 2 /
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Principles For the analysis of smal
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Principles µ EOF ( × 10 -4 cm 2 /
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Principles Total length Effective l
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Principles Note that equation (15)
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Principles determined by the capill
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Principles Current (uA) 300 250 200
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Principles The contribution of inje
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Principles k' H N H, µm 0.001 0.58
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Principles Figure 19 Electrodispers
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Principles rapidly eluting ions, th
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Principles 44
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Modes Mode Capillary zone electroph
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Modes 3.1.1 Selectivity and the use
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Modes Name pK a Phosphate 2.12 (pK
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Modes EOF No flow Figure 22 Elimina
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Modes Absorbance 214 nm 0.05 0.04 0
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Modes Type Comment Silylation coupl
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Modes Type Result Comment Extremes
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Modes Figure 29 CZE of reversed pha
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Modes Figure 33 Ion analysis of fer
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Modes The separation mechanism of n
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Modes the stationary phase in LC. S
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Modes Amplitude 2 a) with a migrati
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Modes CGE t = 0 t > 0 Polymer matri
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Modes Crosslinked polyacrylamide, a
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Modes a) ds 500 base pairs This sam
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Modes and resolution with respect t
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