OPINION Vol.1, No.1 June 2013 - National Defence University

9
Lawrence Freedman, “Warfare Evolves into Fourth Generation: A Commewnt on thomas X. Hammes”, Global Insurgency and Future of
Armed Conflict, pp 78 – 86.
10
Roger Chickering and Stig Förster, eds., Great War, Total War: Combat and Mobilization on the Western Front, 1914-1918, New York:
Cambridge, 2000; Roger Chickering, Stig Förster, and Bernd Greiner, eds., A World at Total War: Global Conflict and the Politics of
Destruction, 1937-1947, New York: Cambridge, 2005. These works are part of a series that recently has problematized both the concept and
reality of total war.
11
Major Shannon Beebe, US Army, War Is Boring. “Human Security” Strategy in Africa, 30 October 2008, available at
http://www.warisboring.com/.../personal-security-strategy-in-Africa/.
12
Lawrence Freedman, “War Evolves into the Fourth Generation: A Comment on Thomas X. Hammes,” in Terriff, Karp, and Karp, 85; Michael
EVans, “Elegant IrreleVance Revisited: A Critique of Fourth Generation Warfare,” in Terriff, Karp, and Karp, 68-69, 71-72.
13
John R. Boyd, Patterns of Conflict, December 1986.
14
Matthew O. Jackson and Massimo Morelli, The Reasons for Wars – an Updated Survey, Revised: December 2009.
15
The premise that winning popular support has become of central importance in contemporary warfare is well-argued in Rupert Smith, The
Utility of Force: The Art of War in the Modern World (London: Penguin Books, 2006).
16
Colin S. Gray, Another Bloody Century: Future Warfare (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2006).
17
Kaldor, “Elaborating the ‘New War’ Thesis,” 220; Van Creveld, 155.
18
Beyond Greed and GrieVance: Policy Lessons from Studies in the Political Economy of Armed Conflict by Karen Ballentine and Heiko
Nitzschke.
19
Insurgents, Terrorists, and Militias: The Warriors of Contemporary Combat Richard H. Shultz and Andrea J. Dew published in June 2006.
20
Qiao Liang and Wang Xiangsui, Unrestricted Warfare, Beijing, China: People’s Liberation Army Literature and Arts Publishing House,
February 1999. Other particularly valuable publications are Michael EVans, “From Kadesh to Kandahar: Military Theory and the Future of
War,” Naval War College Review, Summer 2003; Frank Hoffman, Hybrid Wars, Arlington, VA: Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, 2007;
Australian Army, Complex Warfighting, Army Headquarters, Canberra ACT 2003; and U.S. Joint Forces Command, Joint Operating
Environment: Trends and Challenges for the Future Joint Operating Force through 2030, Norfolk, VA, 2007.
21 The distinction between terror and terrorism is a common theme in the writings of Dr. Thomas A. Marks, perhaps the foremost authority on
Maoist insurgency. See for example his exposition on the use of terror by the Philippine insurgents of the New People’s Army in Thomas A.
Marks, Maoist Insurgency since Vietnam (London: Frank Cass, 1996), 151-173.
22
David Kilcullen, Counter Insurgency – Redux, Survival vol. 48 no. 4, Winter 2006–07, pp. 111–130.
23
English Translation of Ayman Al Zwahiri’s letter to Abu Musab al-Zarqawi’, The Weekly Standard, 12 October 2005,
http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/006/203gpuul.asp.
24
Syed Saleem Shahzad, Inside Al Qaeda and the Taliban, Beyond Bin Laden and 9 / 11, London: Pluto Press, 2011.
25
Abu Bakr Naji, Management of Savagery.
26
Thomas Huber, Compound Wars: The Fatal Knot (Fort Leavenworth, KS: Command and General Staff College, 1996).
27
“Hybrid vs. Compound War: The Janus Choice of Modern War: Defining Today’s Multifaceted Conflict.” Armed Forces Journal, October
2009.
28
Colonel. Dr. Frans Osinga On Boyd, Bin Laden and Fourth Generation Warfare as String Theory, From John Olson, ed., On New Wars (Oslo,
2007, forthcoming). Reprinted with permission, 26 June 2007.
29
Hoffman, Frank. Hybrid Wars, Arlington, VA: Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, 2007.
30
ibid
31
ibid
32
U.S. Joint Forces Command, The Joint Operating Environment: Challenges and Implications for the Future Joint Force (Norfolk, VA: U.S.
Joint Forces Command, November 2008), 13.
33 U.S. Department of the Army, The Army Strategy, 1. U.S. Joint Forces Command, The Joint Operating Environment: Challenges and
Implications for the Future Joint Force, 10.
34
Objective Force Task Force, The Army in 2020 (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Army, November 2003), 5.
3535 35 Colonel Steven C. Williamson, From Fourth Generation Warfare to Hybrid War (United States Army, USAWC Class of 2009), 15.
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