Police-Encounters-With-People-In-Crisis

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CHAPTER 11. MCIT AND OTHER MODELS OF CRISIS INTERVENTION Table of Contents I. THE CURRENT SITUATION .............................................................................. 217 Page A. Toronto’s Mobile Crisis Intervention Teams ........................................... 217 (1) Origins of Toronto’s MCIT ............................................................. 217 (2) The MCIT model ........................................................................... 218 (3) Existing MCIT coverage ............................................................... 219 (4) Selection and training of MCIT officers and nurses ..................... 222 (5) MCIT officers’ career progression ................................................ 223 (6) Advantages of the MCIT model .................................................... 223 (7) Specific issues with the implementation of MCIT in Toronto ..... 224 (8) Limitations of the MCIT model .................................................... 225 B. Other models of Crisis Intervention Teams ........................................... 226 (1) Vancouver’s Assertive Community Treatment and Car 87 .......... 230 (2) Memphis’ Crisis Intervention Teams (CIT)................................. 231 (a) A first response by specialized police (b) officers ................................................................................ 231 The institutional framework of the Memphis CIT model .......................................................... 232 (3) Hamilton’s combination of CIT, MCIT and COAST .................... 234 (4) Comparing the other models to Toronto’s MCIT ......................... 235 II. OVERVIEW OF ISSUES HIGHLIGHTED BY STAKEHOLDERS ..................... 236 III. RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................... 237 Crisis Intervention Teams .................................................................................. 237 The Mobile Crisis Intervention Team ................................................................. 238 Police Encounters With People in Crisis |216
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POLICE ENCOUNTERS WITH PEOPLE IN CR
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many ind
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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(viii) best practices and precedent
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18. Chapter 3 provides a commentary
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exercised with that zero target in
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G. Recommendations 48. The 84 Recom
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viii. conducting routine monitoring
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CHAPTER 6: SELECTION OF POLICE OFFI
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CHAPTER 7: TRAINING Recruit trainin
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(b) (c) Exposure: providing officer
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(j) Valuing the Role of Debriefs: m
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De-escalation requirements RECOMMEN
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(b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) increas
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RECOMMENDATION 51: The TPS encourag
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iii. iv. the disciplinary and train
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eports detailing any circumstances
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cooperation from other organization
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PART 1 The Independent Review
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9. Third, it is important at the ou
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23. As I emphasize in the Report, t
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CHAPTER 2. MANDATE, INDEPENDENCE, S
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(ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) TPS
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20. The act of engaging in professi
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mental crisis and whose behaviour e
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(l) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) (s) a f
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3. Police College site visits 44. T
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Mike Creek Bethan Dinning Julian Fa
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CHAPTER 3. CONTEXT Table of Content
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service by the public. 1 The front
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society must bear. One result is, I
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perceived uncertainty as to whether
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Figure 2. Toronto Police Service or
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Command includes Communications (i.
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65. The objective of the course was
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78. Some may consider a statistical
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that period. These other deaths wer
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F. The legal context 100. Before pr
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(j) The internal disciplinary proce
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CHAPTER 4. THE MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM
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Chapter 4. The Mental Health System
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police may reencounter the person i
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them to available resources, provid
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3. Accessibility of information reg
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how to recognize common mental illn
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mental illness can be impossible. T
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contains a section that addresses t
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60. When Communications Services re
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scene from its central location. Th
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with, and apprehension of, “emoti
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of people in crisis from TPS to the
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92. Procedure 06-04 directs Divisio
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103. The issue of sharing mental he
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under the Mental Health Act, as any
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III. Recommendations 120. Before se
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ii. iii. iv. providing cross-sector
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CHAPTER 5. POLICE CULTURE Table of
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7. It is for this reason that, alth
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officers against vulnerable citizen
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I want to impress upon you the nece
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policing. That is an unfortunate at
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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) A c
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Chapter 6. Selection of Police Offi
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of a police constable. Furthermore,
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4. Education 19. A number of indivi
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1. The Emergency Task Force 29. Psy
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elationship with a TPS member, the
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positions are directed to demonstra
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CHAPTER 7. TRAINING Table of Conten
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policing as compared to the data re
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services identified in the Police S
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my view, police training should aim
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25. When recruits return from the B
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However, the Review also heard that
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(d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) Use of Forc
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CHAPTER 8. SUPERVISION Table of Con
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can be considered for further promo
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13. The TPS provides a two-part sup
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(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)
Page 168 and 169: 30. All TPS members are trained in
Page 170 and 171: the TPS must participate in an annu
Page 172 and 173: (a) Misconduct 49. Pursuant to the
Page 174 and 175: Further, a hearing officer may impo
Page 176 and 177: II. Overview of Issues Highlighted
Page 178 and 179: (j) Valuing the Role of Debriefs: m
Page 180: De-escalation requirements RECOMMEN
Page 183 and 184: Chapter 9. The Mental Health of Pol
Page 185 and 186: B. Workplace mental health standard
Page 187 and 188: 20. As discussed in Chapter 5 (Poli
Page 189 and 190: TPS member or a group of TPS member
Page 191 and 192: 45. If an officer is subject to a f
Page 193 and 194: II. Overview of Issues Highlighted
Page 196 and 197: CHAPTER 10. USE OF FORCE Table of C
Page 198 and 199: and Effectiveness of Police Service
Page 200 and 201: Figure 1. The Ontario Use of Force
Page 202 and 203: 19. Although it is beyond the scope
Page 204 and 205: 28. The Criminal Code limits the ac
Page 206 and 207: 36. The Use of Force Procedure auth
Page 208 and 209: primary response officers is to con
Page 210 and 211: Table 1. IACP Model Policies v. Ont
Page 212 and 213: armed units—approximately 10% of
Page 214 and 215: 65. Communication is central to eve
Page 216 and 217: well-being of the subject and encou
Page 220 and 221: Chapter 11. MCIT and Other Models o
Page 222 and 223: for service, providing voluntary tr
Page 224 and 225: 15. In spite of the steady growth o
Page 226 and 227: designed to build on the de-escalat
Page 228 and 229: the time these officers are comfort
Page 230 and 231: the scene to assess a client’s th
Page 232 and 233: Model Type Description Police Servi
Page 234 and 235: as Toronto’s MCIT. Members of Car
Page 236 and 237: (d) (e) (f) New CIT Positions: The
Page 238 and 239: The CIT program enables the Hamilto
Page 240 and 241: 74. Some stakeholders also recommen
Page 242: RECOMMENDATION 54: The TPS solicit
Page 245 and 246: Chapter 12. Equipment 1. This chapt
Page 247 and 248: successfully completed the TPS trai
Page 249 and 250: is going to activate the CEW. Provi
Page 251 and 252: 24. The TPS requires supervisors to
Page 253 and 254: crisis), and regarding prolonged or
Page 255 and 256: 43. Commissioner Braidwood found th
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Page 259 and 260: eviewed on the basis of objective e
Page 261 and 262: 70. The Metropolitan Police Service
Page 263 and 264: C. Alternative equipment options 80
Page 265 and 266: (d) Analysis: data from the pilot p
Page 267 and 268: and mechanisms through which indivi
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CHAPTER 13. IMPLEMENTATION Table of
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A. Stakeholder input 7. By “stake
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21. I make a number of recommendati
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true advisory body, with the effect
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a result of this Review, including,
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Name Position Institutional Affilia
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Appendix B Selected Bibliography Ci
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Council for Adult and Experiential
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Extract from the Minutes of the TPS
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Extract from the Minutes of the TPS
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Jeffrey Nicholl & Clay Kelly, “Ca
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Melissa Reuland, et al., Statewide
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Police Training Boosts Likelihood T
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“Template Handover Protocol for P
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U.S., Department of Justice, Police
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• Miami-Dade Police Department
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22. Ontario Association of Chiefs o
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Excessive force 26. Every one who i
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Human Rights Code, R.S.O. 1990, c.
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“record of personal health inform
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the justice of the peace may issue
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Police Services Act, R.S.O. 1990, c
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POLICE OFFICERS Duties of police of
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(d) contravenes subsection 55 (5) (
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Investigations (5) The director may
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persons or classes of persons, and
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Police Services Act ONTARIO REGULAT
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Secrecy 4. The oath or affirmation
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Staff Sergeant — Crown and Three
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(b) places or is likely to place th
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Application 21. This Part applies t
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public, (iv) (v) (vi) police force,
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(i) he or she, (i) (ii) alcohol, CO
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Courses of Training for Members of
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(3.4) A report submitted under subs
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(9) The chief of police may consult
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Appendix E Selected Toronto Police
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08-07 Communicable Diseases 09-01 P
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and that it would be dangerous to p
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9. If the MCIT is not available, an
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• may request a second opinion fr
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Procedure 06-04 - Appendix A Quick
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Procedure 06-04 - Appendix B Design
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HEALTH AND SAFETY 08 - 05 Substance
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Procedure For the purposes of this
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Officer In Charge (OIC) or Designat
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20. Upon receipt of a TPS 649 and/o
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EMERGENCIES & HAZARDOUS INCIDENTS 1
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Procedure This Procedure has been d
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− − − ensuring access to scen
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LEVEL 2 - MAJOR INCIDENT First Supe
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• contact the Inspector - EM&PO a
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• assist in identifying the appro
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Associated Service Governance Numbe
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A peace officer, and every person l
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Additional Training The unit comman
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− − a supervisory officer EMS,
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• ensure a description of the eve
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• schedule and co-ordinate additi
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Procedure 15-01 - Appendix B Provin
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Though officer presence and communi
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The subject responds appropriately
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considerations, the correspondence
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15 - 09 Conducted Energy Weapon USE
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The CEW may not be effective under
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• request the attendance of Toron
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• submit all relevant reports to
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