Police-Encounters-With-People-In-Crisis
Police-Encounters-With-People-In-Crisis Police-Encounters-With-People-In-Crisis
CHAPTER 7: TRAINING Recruit training RECOMMENDATION 15: The TPS place more emphasis in its recruit training curricula on such areas as: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) Containment: considering and implementing techniques for containing crisis situations whenever possible in order to slow down the course of events and permit the involvement of specialized teams such as ETF or MCIT as appropriate; Communication and De-escalation: highlighting communication and de-escalation as the most important and commonly used skills of the police officer, and the need to adjust communication styles when a person does not understand or cannot comply with instructions; Subject Safety: recognizing the value of the life of a person in crisis and the importance of protecting the subject’s safety as well as that of the officer and other members of the public; Use of Force: making more clear that the Use of Force Model is a code of conduct that carries (i) a goal of not using lethal force and (ii) a philosophy of using as little non-lethal force as possible; and that the Model is not meant to be used as a justification for the use of any force; Firearm Avoidance: implementing dynamic scenario training in which a recruit does not draw a firearm, as a means of emphasizing the non-lethal means of stabilizing a situation and reducing the potential for over-reliance on lethal force; Fear: including discussions of officers’ fear responses during debriefings of practical scenarios that required de-escalation and communication techniques to defuse a crisis situation; Stigma: addressing and debunking stereotypes and stigmas concerning mental health. For example, the Toronto Police College (TPC) could build on its use of video presentations involving people with mental health issues by adding interviews with family members of people who have encountered police during crisis situations and police officers who were present during a crisis call that resulted or could have resulted in serious injury or death; Experience and Feedback: incorporating mental health and crisis situations into a larger number of practical scenarios to provide Police Encounters With People in Crisis |17
ecruits with more exposure to, and feedback on, techniques for resolving such situations; and (i) Culture: laying the foundation for the culture the TPS expects its officers to promote and embody, and preparing recruits to resist the aspects of the existing culture that do not further TPS goals and values with respect to interactions with people in crisis. RECOMMENDATION 16: The TPS consider whether officers would benefit from additional tools to assist them in responding to crisis calls, such as a quickreference checklist for dealing with people in crisis that reminds officers to consider: whether the person is demonstrating signs of fear versus intentional aggression; whether medical, background and family contact information is available; whether alternative communication techniques are available when initial attempts at de-escalation are unsuccessful; whether containment of the person and the scene is a viable option; and whether discretion should be used in determining whether to apprehend, arrest, divert or release the person in crisis. RECOMMENDATION 17: The TPS consider whether the 20-week recruit training period should be extended to allow sufficient time to teach all topics and skills required for the critically important work of a police officer. In-service training RECOMMENDATION 18: The TPS consider placing more emphasis, within the existing time allocated to in-service training if necessary, on the areas identified in Recommendation 15. RECOMMENDATION 19: The TPS consider requiring officers to re-qualify annually or otherwise in the areas of crisis communication and negotiation, deescalation, and containment measures. RECOMMENDATION 20: The TPS consider whether to tailor in-service mental health training to the needs and experience levels of different audiences, such as by offering separate curricula for officers assigned to specialty units or divisions with high volumes of crisis calls. Decentralized training RECOMMENDATION 21: The TPS consider how decentralized training can be expanded and improved to focus on such issues as: (a) Platoon training: increasing opportunities for officers to engage in traditional and online mental health programming within their platoons; Police Encounters With People in Crisis |18
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ecruits with more exposure to, and feedback on, techniques for<br />
resolving such situations; and<br />
(i)<br />
Culture: laying the foundation for the culture the TPS expects its<br />
officers to promote and embody, and preparing recruits to resist the<br />
aspects of the existing culture that do not further TPS goals and<br />
values with respect to interactions with people in crisis.<br />
RECOMMENDATION 16: The TPS consider whether officers would benefit<br />
from additional tools to assist them in responding to crisis calls, such as a quickreference<br />
checklist for dealing with people in crisis that reminds officers to<br />
consider: whether the person is demonstrating signs of fear versus intentional<br />
aggression; whether medical, background and family contact information is<br />
available; whether alternative communication techniques are available when<br />
initial attempts at de-escalation are unsuccessful; whether containment of the<br />
person and the scene is a viable option; and whether discretion should be used in<br />
determining whether to apprehend, arrest, divert or release the person in crisis.<br />
RECOMMENDATION 17: The TPS consider whether the 20-week recruit<br />
training period should be extended to allow sufficient time to teach all topics and<br />
skills required for the critically important work of a police officer.<br />
<strong>In</strong>-service training<br />
RECOMMENDATION 18: The TPS consider placing more emphasis, within<br />
the existing time allocated to in-service training if necessary, on the areas<br />
identified in Recommendation 15.<br />
RECOMMENDATION 19: The TPS consider requiring officers to re-qualify<br />
annually or otherwise in the areas of crisis communication and negotiation, deescalation,<br />
and containment measures.<br />
RECOMMENDATION 20: The TPS consider whether to tailor in-service<br />
mental health training to the needs and experience levels of different audiences,<br />
such as by offering separate curricula for officers assigned to specialty units or<br />
divisions with high volumes of crisis calls.<br />
Decentralized training<br />
RECOMMENDATION 21: The TPS consider how decentralized training can be<br />
expanded and improved to focus on such issues as:<br />
(a)<br />
Platoon training: increasing opportunities for officers to engage in<br />
traditional and online mental health programming within their<br />
platoons;<br />
<strong>Police</strong> <strong>Encounters</strong> <strong>With</strong> <strong>People</strong> in <strong>Crisis</strong> |18