EEP Crowned pigeon number 3
EEP Crowned pigeon number 3
EEP Crowned pigeon number 3
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EUROPEAN STUDBOOK<br />
CROWNED PIGEONS<br />
Goura cristata<br />
Goura scheepmakeri<br />
Goura victoria<br />
NUMBER 3<br />
Joeke Nijboer & Catherine E. King<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> Species Coordinator & Advisor to the Coordinator<br />
P.O. Box 532<br />
3000 AM ROTTERDAM<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
Tel: +31 - 10 - 4431 431 / 4431 441<br />
Fax: +31 - 10 - 4677 811 / 4431 466
CROWNED PIGEON <strong>EEP</strong> STUDBOOK NUMBER 3<br />
TABLE OF CONTENTS<br />
i. Table of Contents 3<br />
1 <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> European breeding program 5<br />
1.1 Introduction 7<br />
1.2 <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> <strong>EEP</strong> species committee members 8<br />
1.3 <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> <strong>EEP</strong> participants 9<br />
1.4 Status of <strong>EEP</strong> crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> populations 1988-1994 13<br />
1.5 Developments in other relevant columbiform breeding program structures 14<br />
2 <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> <strong>EEP</strong> studbook/management questionnaire data analyses 15<br />
2.1 Definition of terms 16<br />
2.2 Goura cristata 17<br />
2.2.1 Historical studbook population through 1994 19<br />
2.2.2 Current population as of 31 December 1994 27<br />
2.2.3 Founder representation as of 31 December 1994 31<br />
2.2.4 Age distribution as of 31 December 1994 31<br />
2.2.5 Births, deaths and imports 1988-1994 31<br />
2.2.6.1 Deaths 1988-1994 33<br />
2.2.6.2 Reported death causes through 31 December 1994 35<br />
2.2.6.3 Season of deaths 1952-1987, 1988-1994 and 1952-1994 37<br />
2.2.7.1 Births 1988-1994 39<br />
2.2.7.2 Season of births 1952-1987, 1988-1994 and 1952-1994 41<br />
2.2.8 Transfers 1988-1994 43<br />
2.2.9 Summary of selected management data 1988-1994 47<br />
2.3 Goura scheepmakeri 51<br />
2.3.1 Historical studbook population through 1994 53<br />
2.3.2 Current <strong>EEP</strong> population as of 31 December 1994 59<br />
2.3.3 Founder representation as of 31 December 1994 63<br />
2.3.4 Age distribution as of 31 December 1994 63<br />
2.3.5 Births, deaths and imports 1988-1994 63<br />
2.3.6.1 Deaths 1988-1994 65<br />
2.3.6.2 Reported death causes through 31 December 1994 66<br />
2.3.6.3 Season of deaths 1959-1987, 1988-1994 and 1959-1994 67<br />
2.3.7.1 Births 1988-1994 69<br />
2.3.7.2 Season of births 1959-1987, 1988-1994 and 1959-1994 71<br />
2.3.8 Transfers 1988-1994 73<br />
2.3.9 Summary of selected management data 1988-19942 75<br />
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2.4 Goura victoria 79<br />
2.4.1 Historical studbook population through 1994 81<br />
2.4.2 Current <strong>EEP</strong> as of 31 December 1994 91<br />
2.4.3 Founder representation as of 31 December 1994 97<br />
2.4.4 Age distribution as of 31 December 1994 97<br />
2.4.5 Births, deaths and imports 1988-1994 97<br />
2.4.6.1 Deaths 1988-1994 99<br />
2.4.6.2 Death causes reported through 31 December 1994 101<br />
2.4.6.3 Season of deaths 1934-1987, 1988-1994 and 1934-1994 102<br />
2.4.7.1 Births 1988-1994 103<br />
2.4.7.2 Season of births 1934-1987, 1988-1994 and 1934-1994 105<br />
2.4.8 Transfers 1988-1994 107<br />
2.4.9 Summary of selected management data 1988-1994 111<br />
2.5 General conclusions and comments 115<br />
3 Husbandry and Research 117<br />
3.1 <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> identification and registration 119<br />
3.2 Methods available to European facilities for sexing crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s 121<br />
3.3 Comparative study on the behaviour and vocalizations of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s 131<br />
3.4 <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> incubation and rearing options 133<br />
3.5 Observations on nesting failures by a pair of Scheepmaker's crowned 139<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s at Rotterdam Zoo<br />
3.6 Development and feeding of a nestling Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> 141<br />
3.7 A field assessment of the conservation status and exploitation of 149<br />
crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s Goura spp. and birds-of-paradise Paradisaea spp. in<br />
Irian Jaya, Indonesia<br />
3.8 Nutrition of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s 151<br />
3.9 <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> nutrition survey 159<br />
3.10 <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> <strong>EEP</strong> research priorities 163<br />
4 <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon bibliography 165<br />
Acknowledgements 174<br />
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CROWNED PIGEON<br />
EUROPEAN BREEDING<br />
PROGRAM<br />
1.1 - 1.5<br />
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1.1 INTRODUCTION<br />
The First <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon <strong>EEP</strong> studbook was published in 1988 and the second one in 1989. Most<br />
of the animals included in the <strong>EEP</strong> are also registered in the international crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> studbook,<br />
kept by David Wetzel (Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence, Rhode Island, USA).<br />
A species committee for this <strong>EEP</strong> has been selected, and a committee meeting held. Developments<br />
in the <strong>EEP</strong> have been reported annually in the <strong>EEP</strong> yearbooks, published by the <strong>EEP</strong> Executive<br />
Office in Amsterdam.<br />
In summary, the <strong>number</strong> of institutions participating in the <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon <strong>EEP</strong> has increased<br />
greatly in the past few years as has the <strong>number</strong> of birds included in the program. Some of the birds<br />
have entered the program through confiscation by governments and consequent acquisition by<br />
responsible facilities. Still, populations of the three crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s are not considered stable, as<br />
reproduction of these species is not yet at levels to sustain their populations.<br />
Development of suitable husbandry guidelines are necessary to improve reproduction, and is a<br />
priority in the <strong>EEP</strong> goals. Although cooperation within the <strong>EEP</strong> is improving, more effective<br />
exchange of birds is also a goal of the <strong>EEP</strong>. This requires that less attention be paid to the monetary<br />
value of the animals and more emphasis be given to where individuals are most needed.<br />
Participants are heartily encouraged to cooperate in providing the information needed to develop<br />
the husbandry guidelines and to continually assess the status of animals and problems within the<br />
<strong>EEP</strong>. Precise accounting of reproductive activities to the <strong>EEP</strong> coordinator is an important means of<br />
providing the needed information. A form to register eggs laid by crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s is thus included<br />
with this studbook, and the coordinator would greatly appreciate it if all <strong>EEP</strong> participants will fill<br />
the form out and annually submit it along with the annual inventory forms. Post mortem reports also<br />
provide essential information, and copies of these should be sent to the coordinator as well.<br />
It is hoped that the information included in this studbook will be of value to all of the <strong>Crowned</strong><br />
Pigeon <strong>EEP</strong> participants, as without their contributions there would be no studbook and no<br />
program. All participants are hereby thanked for their cooperation, and we look forward to future<br />
efforts in together ensuring the presence of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s in European collections for<br />
generations to come.<br />
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1.2 CROWNED PIGEON <strong>EEP</strong> SPECIES COMMITTEE MEMBERS<br />
Rotterdam Zoo Joeke Nijboer<br />
<strong>EEP</strong>-coordinator<br />
Catherine E. King<br />
Advisor to the coordinator<br />
tel: 31-10-4431 431<br />
fax: 31-10-4677 811<br />
fax: 31-10-4431 466<br />
Chester Zoo Roger Wilkinson<br />
tel: 44-244 380288<br />
fax: 44-244 371273<br />
NFRZG/<strong>EEP</strong>/EAZA Frank Princée<br />
Executive Office Committee Advisor<br />
tel: 31-20 6287476<br />
fax: 31-20 6253931<br />
Parc des Oiseaux Yves Raymond<br />
Villars les Dombes tel: 33-74 988554<br />
fax: 33-74 982774<br />
Vogelpark Walsrode Dieter Rinke<br />
substitute representative<br />
tel: 49-516 12815<br />
fax: 49-5161 18218<br />
Wilhelma Zool. Günther Schleussner<br />
Bot. Garten substitute representative<br />
Stuttgart tel: 49-711 5402187<br />
fax: 49-711 5402222<br />
Zool. Garden Eric Kocner<br />
Bojnice tel: 42-86232860<br />
fax: 42 86234852<br />
Zoo Barcelona Conrad Ensenat<br />
tel: 34-30 92500<br />
fax: 34-32 213853<br />
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ADLISWIL<br />
Voliere-Geselschaft Zurich<br />
H. Haefelin<br />
Kilchbergstrasse 62<br />
8134 ADLISWIL<br />
SWITZERLAND<br />
ARCEN<br />
De vogelhof<br />
M. Vallen/H. Assink<br />
Boerenweg 66<br />
5944 EL ARCEN<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
AL AZIZIA<br />
Al Azizia Garden<br />
M. M. Gammond<br />
c/o Mr. Aziz Kanoo<br />
PO Box 45, MANAMA<br />
BAHRAIN<br />
ALPHEN<br />
Vogelpark Avifauna<br />
R. Verkade<br />
Hoorn 65<br />
2400 AA ALPHEN A/D RIJN<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
AMSTERDAM<br />
Amsterdam Zoo<br />
L. Koning<br />
Plantage Kerklaan 38-40<br />
1018 CZ AMSTERDAM<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
ARNHEM<br />
Burgers Zoo en Safari<br />
T. de Jong<br />
Schelmseweg 85<br />
6816 SH ARNHEM<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
AUGSBURG<br />
Zoo Augsburg<br />
M. Gorgas<br />
Brehmplatz 1<br />
D-8900 AUGSBURG<br />
GERMANY<br />
1.3 CROWNED PIGEON <strong>EEP</strong> PARTICIPANTS<br />
BARCELONA<br />
Zoo Barcelona<br />
C. Ensenat<br />
Parc de la Ciutadella<br />
08003 BARCELONA<br />
SPAIN<br />
BERLIN-WEST<br />
Zool. Garten Berlin<br />
R. Reinhard<br />
Hardenbergplatz 8<br />
D-1000 BERLIN<br />
GERMANY<br />
BEST<br />
Dierenpark de Vleut<br />
A. W. M. van Laarhoven<br />
Broekdijk 15<br />
5680 AJ BEST<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
BOCHUM<br />
Tierpark Bochum<br />
E. Stirnberg<br />
Klinikstrasse 49<br />
D-4630 BOCHUM 1<br />
GERMANY<br />
BOJNICE<br />
Zoo. Garden Bojnice<br />
E. Kocner<br />
01 BOJNICE<br />
SLOVAKIA<br />
BUDAPEST<br />
Budapest Zoo<br />
P. Mödlinger<br />
Allatkerti U 6-12<br />
H-1371 BUDAPEST, Pf 469<br />
HUNGARY<br />
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BURG HAAMSTEDE<br />
L. J. Verton<br />
Burgse Weg 76<br />
4328 LB BURGH HAAMSTEDE<br />
THE NETHERLANDS
CAMBRON<br />
Parc Paradisio S.H.<br />
S. Patzwahl<br />
Domaine de Cambron, 1<br />
B-7940 CAMBRON-CASTEAU<br />
BELGIUM<br />
CHESTER<br />
Chester Zoo<br />
R. Wilkinson<br />
North of Engl.Zool.Soc.<br />
Upton-by-Chester,<br />
CHESTER CH21CH<br />
GREAT BRITAIN<br />
CLERES<br />
Parc Zoologique de Cleres<br />
R. S. Vicente<br />
A. Hernache<br />
76690 CLERES<br />
FRANCE<br />
COPENHAGEN<br />
Copenhagen Zoo<br />
B. Holst<br />
Sdr. Fasanvej 79<br />
DK-2000 FREDERIKSBERG<br />
DENMARK<br />
DOUE-LA-FONTAIN<br />
Parc Zoo De Doue-La-Fontaine<br />
P. Gay<br />
F-49700 DOUE-LA-FONTAINE<br />
FRANCE<br />
DUBLIN<br />
Dublin Zoo<br />
R. Willis<br />
Phoenix Park<br />
DUBLIN 8<br />
IRELAND<br />
EIJSDEN<br />
R. Roosen<br />
Hoogstraat 25<br />
6245 LT EIJSDEN<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
FRANKFURT<br />
Zoologischer Garten Frankfurt<br />
S. G. Stadler<br />
Alfred-Brehm-Platz 16<br />
D-60316 FRANKFURT<br />
GERMANY<br />
GETTORF<br />
Tierpark Gettorf<br />
B. Rohrhuber<br />
Suderstrasse 33<br />
2412 GETTORF<br />
GERMANY<br />
HANNOVER<br />
Zoo Hannover GMBH<br />
H. Engel<br />
Adenauerallee 3<br />
D-30175 HANNOVER<br />
GERMANY<br />
HAYLE<br />
Paradise Park<br />
D. Woolcock<br />
Glanmore, Hayle<br />
CORNWALL TR27 4HY<br />
GREAT BRITAIN<br />
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JEREZ DL FRONT<br />
A. P. Gutiérrez<br />
Carretera de Cartuja, km. 2,5<br />
11406 JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA<br />
(Cádiz)<br />
SPAIN<br />
LEIPZIG<br />
Zoologischer Garten<br />
Leipzig<br />
B. Schutze<br />
Pfaffendorf Strasse 29<br />
04105 LEIPZIG<br />
GERMANY<br />
WALSRODE/M (MALLORCA)<br />
WALSRODE/V (WALSRODE)
Vogelpark Walsrode<br />
D. Rinke<br />
Am Rieselbach<br />
D-3030 WALSRODE<br />
GERMANY<br />
LISBOA<br />
Jardin Zoologico Lisboa<br />
E. B. Ruivo<br />
Estrad de Benfica, no 158<br />
1500 LISBOA<br />
PORTUGAL<br />
LONDON<br />
London Zoo<br />
S. J. Tonge<br />
Regent's park<br />
LONDON NW1 4RY<br />
GREAT BRITAIN<br />
LOUROSA<br />
Zoo de Lourosa<br />
L. do Sobral<br />
Apartado, 39<br />
4536 LOUROSA CODEX<br />
PORTUGAL<br />
MIERLO<br />
M. Verhoeven<br />
Fazantlaan 9<br />
5731 XS MIERLO<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
MONTPELLIER<br />
Montpellier<br />
Parc Zoologique de Lunaret<br />
C. Moralis<br />
50 Avenue D4 Agropolis<br />
34090 MONTPELLIER<br />
FRANCE<br />
MULHOUSE<br />
Mulhouse Zoo<br />
J. M. Lernould<br />
51, Rue du Jardin Zoolog.<br />
68100 MULHOUSE<br />
FRANCE<br />
O ROSAL<br />
Novás<br />
36778 O ROSAL<br />
(PONTVEDRA)<br />
SPAIN<br />
OVERPELT<br />
N. Hendrix<br />
Ballaststraat 23<br />
3900 OVERPELT<br />
BELGIUM<br />
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PALMITOS PARK/MASPALOMAS<br />
Palmitos Park<br />
Apto 107, Maspalomas<br />
35109 GRAN CANARIA<br />
SPAIN<br />
PALMYRE/ROYAN<br />
Zoo La Palmyre<br />
J. Petit<br />
17570 LES MATHES<br />
FRANCE<br />
PISA<br />
A.I.F.A.O.<br />
F. Monaci<br />
Via Le Rene 77<br />
56014 PUTIGNANO (PISA)<br />
ITALY<br />
PRAGUE/PRAHA<br />
Zoologicka Zahrada v. Praha<br />
K. Pithart<br />
U trojskehe zamku 120/3<br />
171 00 PRAGUE 7<br />
CZECH-REPUBLIC<br />
LIBEREC<br />
Zoo Liberec<br />
J. Janecek<br />
46001 LIBEREC<br />
CZECH-REPUBLIC
RECANATI<br />
M. Stortoni<br />
Via Sambucheto N 58 - 62019<br />
RECANATI - MACERATA<br />
ITALY<br />
ROTTERDAM<br />
Rotterdam Zoo<br />
J. Nijboer<br />
Van Aerssenlaan 49<br />
3039 KE ROTTERDAM<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
SCHMIDING<br />
Vogelpark Schmiding<br />
W. Artmann<br />
Schmiding 19<br />
A-4631 KRENGELBACH<br />
AUSTRIA<br />
ST. OEDENRODE<br />
Vogelkwekerij de Koning<br />
P. de Koning<br />
Zijtaartseweg 8<br />
5491 SG ST. OEDENRODE<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
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ST. ANDRE DE S<br />
J. L. Quinquarlet<br />
3 Rue Familongue<br />
34725 SAINT ANDRE DE SANGONIS<br />
FRANCE<br />
STUTTGART<br />
Wilhelma Zool. and Bot. Garten<br />
G. Schleussner<br />
Postfach 501227<br />
7000 STUTTGART 50<br />
GERMANY<br />
TEL AVIV/RAMAT GAN<br />
Zoo. Center Tel Aviv<br />
A. Terkel<br />
PO Box 984<br />
52109 RAMAT-GAN<br />
ISRAEL
TIMMASPE<br />
U. Ossenbruggen<br />
Westerfelder Weg 20<br />
24644 TIMMASPE<br />
GERMANY<br />
UPIE<br />
Jardin aux Oiseaux<br />
B. Liauzu<br />
UPIE<br />
26120 CHABEUIL<br />
FRANCE<br />
VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
Parc des Oiseaux Villars les Dombes<br />
Y. Raymond<br />
F 01330 VILLARS LES DOMBES<br />
FRANCE<br />
WEERT<br />
H. W. Weekers<br />
Wilhelminastraat 43<br />
6001 HD WEERT<br />
THE NETHERLANDS<br />
WUPPERTAL<br />
Zoo Wuppertal<br />
U. Schürer<br />
Hubertusallee 30<br />
5600 WUPPERTAL<br />
GERMANY<br />
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1.4 STATUS OF <strong>EEP</strong> CROWNED PIGEON POPULATIONS<br />
1988-1994<br />
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CROWNED PIGEON <strong>EEP</strong><br />
STUDBOOK MANAGEMENT QUESTIONNAIRE DATA<br />
ANALYSES<br />
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1.5 DEVELOPMENTS IN OTHER RELEVANT COLUMBIFORM<br />
BREEDING PROGRAM STRUCTURES<br />
C. E. King<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> PIGEON AND DOVE TAXON ADVISORY GROUP<br />
An introductory open-meeting to assess the need for an <strong>EEP</strong> Pigeon and Dove Taxon Advisory<br />
Group (TAG) was held during the <strong>EEP</strong> Annual Conference in Alphen a/d Rijn, 17 June 1994.<br />
Duncan Bolton (Bristol Zoo) served as meeting chairperson. It was established at this meeting that<br />
there was indeed a need for the formation of a Columbiformes <strong>EEP</strong> TAG. The <strong>EEP</strong> Committee and<br />
EAZA Council approved the TAG and appointed Duncan Bolton as TAG chair in October and<br />
November of 1994.<br />
A report on the introductory meeting and a listing of TAG goals for 1994/1995 are found in the<br />
"<strong>EEP</strong> Pigeon and Dove TAG Report 1994" included in the <strong>EEP</strong> Yearbook 1993/1994. A second<br />
Pigeon and Dove TAG meeting was held during the <strong>EEP</strong> Annual Conference on 2 July, 1995 in<br />
Poznan, Poland. A report on this meeting and a listing of the TAG activities and goals for<br />
1995/1996 appeared in the "<strong>EEP</strong> Pigeon and Dove TAG Report 1995" included in the <strong>EEP</strong><br />
Yearbook 1994/1995.<br />
An inventory of columbids present in and available to European facilities for breeding programs is<br />
being undertaken by the TAG in cooperation with the EAZA/<strong>EEP</strong> Executive Office. It has been<br />
decided that until the survey is more complete, initiation of a regional Columbiformes collection<br />
plan would be premature.<br />
Two Columbiformes <strong>EEP</strong>s currently exist in addition to that for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s. These are the<br />
Mauritius pink <strong>pigeon</strong>, Columba mayeri <strong>EEP</strong>, coordinated by David Jeggo (Jersey Wildlife<br />
Preservation Trust) and the Socorro dove Zenaida greysoni <strong>EEP</strong>, coordinated by Stefan Stadler<br />
(Frankfurt Zoo). A European studbook for bleeding heart <strong>pigeon</strong>s, Gallicolumba luzonica and G.<br />
criniger has also been initiated, with Duncan Bolton serving as studbook keeper.<br />
INTERNATIONAL STUDBOOK<br />
David Wetzel, <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon International Studbook Keeper, has now produced two crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong> international studbooks, published in 1994 and 1995. The latter studbook also includes a<br />
bibliography and hand rearing information from a <strong>number</strong> of zoos.<br />
OTHER REGIONAL PROGRAMS<br />
A proposal by David Wetzel to initiate a North American Species Survival Plan (SSP) for crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s was accepted in 1995, and D. Wetzel was appointed as species coordinator. D. Wetzel has<br />
served as studbook keeper for the North American region since 1985.<br />
No other regional breeding program for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s exist.<br />
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2.1 DEFINITION OF TERMS<br />
Founder:<br />
A wild caught individual that is genetically represented in the current population through<br />
reproduction. Individuals for which parentage and place of origin are unknown are also considered<br />
founders if genetically represented in the current population through reproduction.<br />
Pseudo founder:<br />
A hypothetical male and female are assigned as pseudo founders for each species. All captive born<br />
individuals of unknown parentage are considered to be descended from these pseudo founders.<br />
Potential founder:<br />
A living wild caught individual that is not yet genetically represented in the current population<br />
through reproduction. Living individuals for which parentage and place of origin are unknown are<br />
also considered potential founders if not yet genetically represented in the current population<br />
through reproduction.<br />
Breeding:<br />
Defined here as the hatching of a chick<br />
"Other" incubation/rearing:<br />
Any incubation or rearing technique other than parental (e.g. foster parent, incubator)<br />
Season of birth and deaths:<br />
A representation of births and deaths per month; <strong>number</strong> of births and deaths in January and<br />
December are not considered reliable for 1988-1994, as births and deaths of unknown dates were<br />
sometimes given the date 01 January or 31 December.<br />
Transfers:<br />
All acquisitions into the <strong>EEP</strong> population and depositions out of <strong>EEP</strong> population as well as<br />
exchanges among <strong>EEP</strong> participants.<br />
Reproductive Age:<br />
The average reproductive life span of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s has not been established. Sexual maturity is<br />
achieved at approximately 1.5 year of age, and can be even younger: two G. Cristata (1.1) bred at<br />
16 months of age. At least some individuals are capable of breeding at more than 20 years of age.<br />
One female G. Scheepmakeri (6101) bred four times when between the (minimum) age of 21 and<br />
23 years. A male G. victoria (6901) received at Amsterdam Zoo in 1969 was still breeding<br />
successfully at another location (Weert) in 1994 at the minimum age of 25 years.<br />
Accurate data for captive as well as wild crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s are insufficient to reliably calculate other<br />
reproductive characteristics of the species, e.g. generation time.<br />
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GOURA CRISTATA<br />
2.2.1 - 2.2.9<br />
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2.2.1 HISTORICAL GOURA CRISTATA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
────────────────────────────────────────────-<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identification Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
5201 ? UNKN UNKN 30 Jun 1952 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
1537A <strong>EEP</strong> 3 Sep 1953 0.000<br />
28 Jul 1952 ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
5202 ? UNKN UNKN 30 Jun 1952 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
1537B <strong>EEP</strong> 6 Jan 1953 0.000<br />
5203 ? UNKN UNKN 30 SEP 1952 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
1634A <strong>EEP</strong> 30 Dec 1952 0.000<br />
10 Oct 1952<br />
5204 ? UNKN UNKN 30 Sep 1952 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
1634B <strong>EEP</strong> 30 Dec 1953 0.000<br />
10 Oct 1952 ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
5301 ? UNKN UNKN 30 Apr 1953 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 01 Jan 1954 0.000<br />
8 May 1953 ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
5302 ? UNKN UNKN 8 May 1953 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
1749B <strong>EEP</strong> 30 Dec 1953 0.000<br />
5401 ? UNKN UNKN 31 Jul 1954 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
2207A <strong>EEP</strong> 26 Nov 1955 0.000<br />
26 Aug 1954 ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
5402 ? UNKN UNKN 31 Jul 1954 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
2207B <strong>EEP</strong> 17 Oct 1955 0.000<br />
26 Aug 1954 ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
5403 ? UNKN UNKN 28 Aug 1954 Trade ANTWERP<br />
2231A <strong>EEP</strong> 2 Jul 1959 0.000<br />
5404 ? UNKN UNKN 28 Aug 1954 Trade ANTWERP<br />
2213B <strong>EEP</strong> 29 Nov 1958 0.000<br />
5405 ? UNKN UNKN 28 Aug 1954 Trade ANTWERP<br />
2213C <strong>EEP</strong> 22 Nov 1956 0.000<br />
5406 ? UNKN UNKN 28 Aug 1984 Trade ANTWERP<br />
2213D <strong>EEP</strong> 9 Mar 1955 0.000<br />
5407 ? UNKN UNKN 28 Aug 1954 Trade ANTWERP<br />
2213E <strong>EEP</strong> 14 Nov 1954 0.000<br />
6501 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1965 Trade BERLIN/ZOO<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1975 0.000<br />
6502 M UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1965 Trade BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1975 0.000<br />
6601 F 6502 6501 ? ? 1966 Hatching BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C-00186-188 0.000<br />
6701 F UNKN UNKN 11 Mar 1973 Unknown AUGSBURG<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1991 0.000<br />
6702 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1967 Trade AUGSBURG<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1986? 0.000<br />
6801 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1968 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1985 (R)7454 0.000<br />
6802 F WILD WILD 2 Jun 1982 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 9 Jul 1991 (R)B 7296 0.000<br />
6803 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1968 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1988 (R)B7292/YELLOW 0.000<br />
6901 F UNKN UNKN 14 Aug 1969 Trade ANTWERP<br />
6384A <strong>EEP</strong> 16 Nov 1969 0.000<br />
6902 F UNKN UNKN 14 Aug 1969 Trade ANTWERP<br />
6348B <strong>EEP</strong> 25 Mar 1970 0.000<br />
6903 F UNKN UNKN 14 Aug 1969 Trade ANTWERP<br />
6384C <strong>EEP</strong> 2 Jan 1979 0.000<br />
6904 F UNKN UNKN 14 Aug 1969 Trade ANTWERP<br />
6384D <strong>EEP</strong> 12 Jan 1976 0.000<br />
6905 F UNKN UNKN 14 Aug 1969 Trade ANTWERP<br />
6384E <strong>EEP</strong> 17 Jan 1973 0.000<br />
6906 ? UNKN UNKN 14 Aug 1969 Trade ANTWERP<br />
6384F <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
6907 M UNKN UNKN 14 Aug 1969 Trade ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Mar 1970 0.000<br />
6908 M UNKN UNKN 14 Aug 1969 Trade ANTWERP<br />
6384H <strong>EEP</strong> 21 Dec 1969 0.000<br />
7001 F WILD WILD 27 Feb 1970 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
401380 <strong>EEP</strong> 30 Oct 1992 0.000<br />
7002 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1970 Trade DARMSTADT<br />
? ? 1987 (R)? 0.000<br />
31 Dec 1987 Unknown HEIDELBERG<br />
7201 ? WILD WILD 7 Nov 1972 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1986? 0.000<br />
6 May 1973 Praha<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
7202 ? WILD WILD 7 Nov 1972 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1986? 0.000<br />
6 May 1973 PRAHA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7203 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1972 Trade DARMSTADT<br />
10 Mar 1988 (R)? 0.000<br />
31 Dec 1987 Unknown BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7301 ? UNKN UNKN 26 Jan 1973 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1981? 0.000<br />
7302 ? WILD WILD 26 Jan 1973 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 27 Jan 1973? 0.000<br />
2.2.1 HISTORICAL GOURA CRISTATA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
────────────────────────────────────────────-<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identification Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
7304 M WILD WILD 1 Aug 1973 Purchase WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1982 0.000<br />
7305 F WILD WILD 1 Aug 1973 Purchase WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1978 0.000<br />
7306 ? WILD WILD 1 Aug 1973 Purchase WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1974 0.000<br />
7307 ? WILD WILD 1 Aug 1973 Purchase WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1974 0.000<br />
7401 F UNKN UNKN 31 Jan 1974 ROTTERDAM<br />
7631A <strong>EEP</strong> 13 Oct 1985? 0.000<br />
14 Feb 1974 ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7402 F UNKN UNKN 31 Jan 1974 ROTTERDAM<br />
7631B <strong>EEP</strong> 5 Sep 1981 Orange R 0.000<br />
14 Feb 1974 ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7403 M WILD WILD 14 Feb 1974 Trade WUPPERTAL<br />
694391 <strong>EEP</strong> 9 Nov 1993 0.000<br />
7404 F WILD WILD 14 Feb 1974 Trade WUPPERTAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 17 Nov 1983 0.000<br />
7405 ? UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1974 Purchase LISBOA<br />
3766 <strong>EEP</strong> ? Jan 1975 0.000<br />
7406 ? UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1974 Purchase LISBOA<br />
3767 <strong>EEP</strong> ? Jan 1975 (R)5446 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
7407 ? UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1974 Purchase LISBOA<br />
3768 <strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1975 (R)544 0.000<br />
7408 ? 7304 7305 ? ? 1974 Hatching WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1974 0.000<br />
7409 ? WILD WILD ? ? 1974 Hatching WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1974 0.000<br />
7501 M 6502 6601 28 May 1975 Hatching BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 2 Oct 1990 (R)C-00176 0.250<br />
7502 ? UNKN UNKN 3 Jul 1975 Trade HANNOVER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1988 0.250<br />
7503 ? WILD WILD 1 Oct 1975 Purchase WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1980 0.000<br />
7601 F WILD WILD 1 Mar 1976 Trade RHENEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1988 0.000<br />
7602 F WILD WILD 1 Mar 1976 Trade RHENEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1988 0.000<br />
7603 M 7501 6601 26 Dec 1976 Hatching BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1990 (R)C-002014 0.375<br />
2 May 1990 Unknown SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7604 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1976 Purchase WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1979 0.000<br />
7605 M WILD WILD 20 Feb 1976 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8126 0.000<br />
7701 ? WILD WILD 18 Jan 1977 Trade PALMYRE<br />
372 <strong>EEP</strong> 12 May 1994 0.000<br />
7702 F WILD WILD 26 Jan 1977 Trade VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
7703 F 7403 7404 20 Oct 1977 Hatching WUPPERTAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Nov 1989 0.000<br />
7704 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1977 Trade MUNICH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 May 1992 (R)5503 0.000<br />
16 Mar 1990 Trade WUPPERTAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7705 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1977 Trade MUNICH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1989 0.000<br />
7706 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1977 Trade MUNICH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Nov 1989 0.000<br />
? Jan 1989 Unknown WUPPERTAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7801 ? 7501 6601 27 Jun 1978 Hatching BERLIN/ZOO<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1978 0.375<br />
6 Sep 1978 Trade UNKNOWN<br />
7802 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1978 Trade EMMEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 5 Jan 1994 0.000<br />
4 Nov 1980 Trade ARNHEM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
3 Sep 1986 Loan MIERLO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7803 F WILD WILD 23 Aug 1978 Purchase HAYLE S<br />
001 <strong>EEP</strong> 11 Feb 1983 0.000<br />
7900 M UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1979 Unknown RAMAT-GAN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
7901 M UNKN UNKN 20 Mar 1979 Trade AMERSFOORT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1981? 0.000<br />
7902 F UNKN UNKN 20 Mar 1979 Trade AMERSFOORT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1988? 0.000<br />
7903 M 7002 7203 1 Jul 1979 Hatching DARMSTADT<br />
? ? 1988 0.000<br />
31 Dec 1980 Trade HEIDELBERG<br />
7906 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1979 Trade AMERSFOORT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Jan 1993 (R)L084 R 0.000<br />
31 Jul 1980 Loan ROTTERDAM<br />
401379 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8001 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1980 Purchase WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
2.2.1 HISTORICAL GOURA CRISTATA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
────────────────────────────────────────────-<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identification Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8002 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1980 Purchase WINCHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1983 0.000<br />
8101 M UNKN UNKN 31 Jul 1981 Trade OVERPELT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 27 Sep 1993 0.000<br />
8103 M WILD WILD 2 Jul 1970 Unknown VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8202 M WILD WILD 24 Sep 1982 Trade BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)yellow 0.000<br />
8203 F WILD WILD 24 Sep 1982 Trade BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 28 Aug 1985 (R)WHITE 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8204 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1982 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 11 Oct 1988 (R)B7297/YELLOW 0.000<br />
8205 ? WILD WILD 13 Dec 1983 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7454 0.000<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8206 M WILD WILD 7 Jun 1983 Unknown WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 24 Apr 1991 0.000<br />
8207 F WILD WILD 20 Feb 1976 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8127 0.000<br />
8208 M UNKN 6801 31 Dec 1982 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1989 (R)8197/BLUE 0.000<br />
8209 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1982 Trade BORN<br />
27 Feb 1991 (R)3783 L 0.000<br />
7 Jul 1983 Trade ARNHEM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
30 Aug 1985 Loan MIERLO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8210 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1982 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)04039 0.000<br />
31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN<br />
345 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8212 M WILD WILD 2 Jun 1982 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8049 0.000<br />
8301 ? 7002 7203 1 Jul 1983 DARMSTADT<br />
31 Dec 1987? 0.000<br />
31 Dec 1984 Trade HEIDELBERG<br />
8302 ? 8101 8102 330 Sep 1983 OVERPELT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 21 Oct 1983 0.000<br />
8304 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1983 Trade WONDERGEM<br />
15 Sep 1993 0.000<br />
11 Aug 1990 Purchase OVERPELT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8305 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN 341<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)04523 0.000<br />
8306 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN 346<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)04525 0.000<br />
8307 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN 342<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8308 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 3 Dec 1992 (R)04042 0.000<br />
8309 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 2 Feb 1992 (R)04080 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8310 M UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1983 Hatching WAMEL DVL<br />
? ? 1988 (R)GREEN 0.000<br />
? Jan 1988 Purchase ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8311 ? UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1983 Hatching UNKNOWN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 18 Jan 1991 0.000<br />
19 May 1990 Purchase ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8401 M 8202 8203 4 Aug 1984 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 5 Aug 1994 (R)PINK 0.000<br />
25 Jan 1991 Loan SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8402 M 7002 7203 10 Aug 1984 DARMSTADT<br />
31 Dec 1987? 0.000<br />
31 Dec 1985 Trade HEIDELBERG<br />
8403 M 8307 8210 ? ? 1984 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 23 Apr 1990 (R)L170 0.000<br />
29 Nov 1984 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8404 F 8307 8210 ? ? 1984 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 12 Jan 1988 (R)L169 0.000<br />
29 Nov 1984 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8405 F 8202 8203 22 Nov 1984 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1991 (R)PINK 0.000<br />
13 Oct 1988 Unknown BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
2 Jul 1989 Unknown SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8406 M UNKN 8207 31 Dec 1984 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 26 Jun 1992 (R)B8028 0.000<br />
8407 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1994 0.000<br />
8408 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
8409 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1989 Loan JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8410 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 9 Jan 1994 0.000<br />
? Jan 1989 Loan JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8411 ? WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1986 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.1 HISTORICAL GOURA CRISTATA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
────────────────────────────────────────────-<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identification Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8412 ? WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1986 0.000<br />
8501 F 8202 8203 8 Jun 1985 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? Jun 1987 (R)WHITE 0.000<br />
8502 M UNKN 6801 ? ? 1985 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Feb 1988 (R)B8029/YELLOW 0.000<br />
8503 M UNKN 6801 ? ? 1985 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Feb 1988 (R)B 8049 0.000<br />
8504 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1985 Hatching BUDAPEST<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
28 Jun 1994 Purchase BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8505 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1985 Hatching JURONG<br />
25 Nov 1991 (R)B 7465 0.000<br />
31 Aug 1986 Trade LEIPZIG<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8506 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching JURONG<br />
0.000<br />
3 Aug 1986 Trade LEIPZIG<br />
B00357 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8507 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching JURONG<br />
7 Feb 1992 (R)WHITE 0.000<br />
17 Jun 1986 Trade ANTWERP<br />
10834A <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8508 M WILD WILD 6 Aug 1986 Purchase UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8509 F WILD WILD 30 Aug 1985 Purchase UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8510 ? WILD WILD 6 Aug 1986 Purchase UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 7 Nov 1986 0.000<br />
8512 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1985 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Sep 1988 Loan RECANATI<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8513 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1985 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Sep 1986 Loan RECANATI<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8601 M UNKN UNK 31 May 1986 JURONG<br />
9 Jul 1986 0.000<br />
17 Jun 1986 Trade ANTWERP<br />
10834B <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8602 M UNKN UNKN 6 Jun 1986 Trade HALLE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 10 Dec 1987 0.000<br />
8603 ? 8202 8501 17 Dec 1986 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1990 0.250<br />
7 Jun 1988 Unknown BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7 Jun 1989 Unknown SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8606 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching JURONG<br />
9 Feb 1993 (R)JBP 0047 0.000<br />
3 Feb 1987 Trade ANTWERP<br />
10976 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8607 F UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1986 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)yellow 0.000<br />
1 May 1988 Purchase ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8701 M WILD WILD 31 Aug 1987 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 28 Aug 1989 Subsp. minor 0.000<br />
11 Feb 1989 Loan VOETS <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8702 F WILD WILD 24 Aug 1987 Donation ROTTERDAM<br />
401383 <strong>EEP</strong> 28 Aug 1989 (R)L228R 0.000<br />
11 Jan 1989 Loan VOETS<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8703 M WILD WILD 18 Feb 1988 Unknown BUDAPEST<br />
000558 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8704 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching BUDAPEST<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Aug 1991 0.000<br />
8705 F UNKN 8204 10 Jun 1988 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 29 Nov 1991 (R)B7074 0.000<br />
8706 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1987 Unknown OVERPELT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8707 F 8202 8203 22 Nov 1984 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 9 Jun 1992 (R)BLUE/BLACK 0.000<br />
8708 M WILD UNKN 17 Jun 1987 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)BLUE LEFT 0.000<br />
27 Mar 1991 Loan CHESTER<br />
4222 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8709 F 8202 8707 10 Jan 1989 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)WHITE 0.250<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8711 ? 8202 UNKN 8 Feb 1990 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 12 Apr 1990 0.000<br />
8712 M UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1986 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
401384 <strong>EEP</strong> 4 Jul 1988 (R)L251 0.000<br />
4 Jul 1988 Unknown ROTTERDAM<br />
401384 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8713 F UNKN UNKN 19 Aug 1988 Unknown ROTTERDAM<br />
401385 <strong>EEP</strong> 16 Dec 1990 (R)L248 R 0.000<br />
8714 F UNKN UNKN 19 Aug 1988 Unknown ROTTERDAM<br />
401386 <strong>EEP</strong> 22 Dec 1988 (R)L236 L 0.000<br />
8715 M 8103 7702 1 May 1987 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8716 F 8103 7702 20 Sep 1987 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
2.2.1 HISTORICAL GOURA CRISTATA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
────────────────────────────────────────────-<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identification Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8717 M 8508 8509 7 Aug 1987 Hatching UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8719 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1987 Purchase OISTERWIJK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8 Feb 1993 Purchase BEST<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8720 F WILD WILD 1 Aug 1987 Unknown OISTERWIJK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8 Feb 1993 Purchase BEST<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8801 M 8508 8509 23 Aug 1988 Hatching UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Dec 1990 Unknown DOUE-LA-FONTAIN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8802 F WILD WILD 4 Dec 1988 Loan LISBOA<br />
2782 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 304 0.000<br />
8803 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1990 Hatching TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8804 F UNKN UNKN 21 Apr 1990 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8805 ? 8103 7702 11 Apr 1988 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 28 Jul 1989 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8806 ? 8103 7702 25 Oct 1988 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 26 Oct 1988 0.000<br />
8807 ? 8103 7702 12 Dec 1988 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Sep 1989 0.000<br />
8810 M WILD WILD 27 Feb 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2692 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)T0179 0.000<br />
8811 M WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2693 <strong>EEP</strong> 11 Dec 1990 (R)TO178 0.000<br />
8812 ? WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2694 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)T0177 0.000<br />
8813 F WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2695 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO176 0.000<br />
8814 ? UNKN UNKN 15 May 1988 BARCELONA<br />
2696 <strong>EEP</strong> 7 Dec 1989 0.000<br />
8815 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 BARCELONA<br />
2697 <strong>EEP</strong> 10 Mar 1988 0.000<br />
8816 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 BARCELONA<br />
2698 <strong>EEP</strong> 2 May 1990 0.000<br />
8817 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 BARCELONA<br />
2699 <strong>EEP</strong> 28 Jan 1991 0.000<br />
8817 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 BARCELONA<br />
2700 <strong>EEP</strong> 9 Oct 1990 0.000<br />
8819 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 BARCELONA<br />
2701 <strong>EEP</strong> 29 Oct 1990 0.000<br />
8820 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2703 <strong>EEP</strong> 30 Aug 1994 (T)TO 164 0.000<br />
8821 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 BARCELONA<br />
2704 <strong>EEP</strong> 10 Feb 1990 0.000<br />
8822 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2705 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8823 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2706 <strong>EEP</strong> 8 Dec 1994 0.000<br />
8824 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2702 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO162 0.000<br />
8825 F UNKN UNKN 12 Aug 1994 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)SH00100817 0.000<br />
8901 ? 8508 8509 5 Sep 1989 Hatching UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 3 Dec 1989 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8903 M UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1989 Unknown GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 5 Aug 1989 0.000<br />
8904 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching OSIEK<br />
5 Nov 1991 0.000<br />
13 May 1989 Unknown LIBEREC<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8905 ? 8103 7702 5 Apr 1989 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 3 Jun 1989 0.000<br />
8906 M 8103 7702 22 Jul 1989 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 1 Aug 1994 0.000<br />
23 Mar 1990 Unknown MONTPELLIER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8907 ? 8103 7702 15 Nov 1989 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 Dec 1989 0.000<br />
8908 ? 8103 7702 30 Dec 1989 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 5 Feb 1990 0.000<br />
8909 M 8715 8716 23 Jun 1989 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.250<br />
23 Mar 1990 Unknown MONTPELLIER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8910 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching OSIEK<br />
0.000<br />
13 May 1989 Unknown LIBEREC<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8911 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching OSIEK<br />
0.000<br />
13 May 1989 Unknown LIBEREC<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8912 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1989 Unknown GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 10 Aug 1989 0.000<br />
2.2.1 HISTORICAL GOURA CRISTATA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
────────────────────────────────────────────-<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identification Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8913 ? UNKN UNKN 17 Jun 1989 Hatching GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 7 Aug 1989 0.000<br />
8914 M WILD WILD 7 Oct 1987 Unknown GETTORF<br />
8914 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8915 F WILD WILD 1 Aug 1990 Unknown GETTORF<br />
8915 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8916 F WILD WILD 25 Apr 1989 Trade PRAGUE<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> (U)P 1 0.000<br />
8917 F WILD WILD 25 Apr 1989 Trade PRAGUE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)P 2 0.000<br />
8918 F UNKN UNKN 19 Feb 1991 Trade LIBEREC<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 6 Nov 1991 0.000<br />
19 Mar 1991 Loan PRAGUE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8920 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1980 Unknown LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1980 0.000<br />
8921 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1980 Unknown LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1980 0.000<br />
8922 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1980 Unknown LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1980 0.000<br />
8925 M UNKN UNKN 12 Aug 1994 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)SH00101064 0.000<br />
9001 ? 8508 8509 6 Jun 1990 Hatching UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 Dec 1991 0.000<br />
1 Dec 1990 Unknown DOUE-LA-FONTAIN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9002 F WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)12 RE 0.000<br />
9003 F WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 2 Sep 1992 (R)13 RE 0.000<br />
9004 F 8202 8707 14 Aug 1989 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)RED 0.250<br />
9005 M 8202 8707 22 Jun 1990 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORANGE 0.250<br />
14 Jul 1994 Loan WUPPERTAL <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9006 ? 8202 8707 8 Feb 1990 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 9 Feb 1990 0.250<br />
9007 M UNKN UNKN 24 Jun 1990 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7088 0.000<br />
27 Apr 1992 Trade WALSRODE/M <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9008 F UNKN UNKN 24 May 1990 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 10 Jun 1992 (R)C7025 0.000<br />
9009 M 8715 8716 20 Mar 1990 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.250<br />
18 Mar 1991 Loan MONTPELLIER <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9010 M 8103 7702 23 Mar 1990 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
18 Mar 1991 Loan MONTPELLIER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9011 F 8103 7702 22 Dec 1990 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
24 Oct 1993 Purchase ST. ANDRE DE S<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9012 F WILD WILD 7 Nov 1990 Unknown WUPPERTAL<br />
694392 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9013 M WILD WILD 8 Jun 1990 Purchase ADLISWIL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)675 0.000<br />
9014 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1990 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)BLUE RIGHT 0.000<br />
2 Dec 1991 Trade CHESTER<br />
4526 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9015 M UNKN UNKN 15 Sep 1990 Hatching ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)S1031R2531RL 0.000<br />
15 Oct 1992 Loan OVERPELT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
31 Oct 1993 Loan Rtn ARCEN 152<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9016 M UNKN UNKN 1 Jun 1990? BOCHUM WATTENSC?<br />
21 May 1992 0.000<br />
14 Apr 1992 Loan BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9017 F WILD WILD 8 Jun 1990 Purchase ADLISWIL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (U)645 0.000<br />
9101 F UNKN UNKN 16 May 1991 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 20 Oct 1994 (R)AV1 ZILVER R 0.000<br />
25 Mar 1992 Trade ARCEN 183<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9102 F 8508 8509 6 Jun 1991 Hatching UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9103 ? 8508 8509 2 Nov 1991 Hatching UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 8 Nov 1991 0.000<br />
9104 ? 8202 8707 23 Apr 1991 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 11 May 1992 (R)PURPLE 0.250<br />
9105 F UNKN UNKN 14 Sep 1991 Hatching ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)R 2645 0.000<br />
3 Apr 1993 Trade DOUE-LA-FONTAIN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9106 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1990 Purchase PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9107 M UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1990 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
2.2.1 HISTORICAL GOURA CRISTATA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
────────────────────────────────────────────-<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identification Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
9108 F UNKN UNKN 16 Dec 1993 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9110 ? 8409 8410 ? ? 1991 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9111 ? 8409 8410 ? ? 1991 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9114 F UNKN UNKN 8 Apr 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
2 Dec 1994 Purchase BUDAPEST<br />
000556 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9115 F UNKN UNKN 8 Apr 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9201 ? 9107 9106 6 Feb 1992 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 8 Feb 1992 0.000<br />
9202 M 7403 9012 21 May 1992 Hatching WUPPERTAL<br />
694393 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
14 Jul 1994 Loan PRAGUE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9203 M 8103 7702 19 Jun 1992 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
24 Oct 1993 Purchase ST. ANDRE DE S<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9204 ? 8407 8408 ? Jan 1992 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
9205 F UNKN UNKN 3 Jul 1992 Hatching ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 22 Jan 1993 (R)R 2540 (L) 0.000<br />
9206 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1992 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1992 0.000<br />
9207 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1992 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1992 0.000<br />
9208 ? 9107 9106 ? Jun 1992 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1992 0.000<br />
9209 ? 9107 9106 ? Jun 1992 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1992 0.000<br />
9210 ? 8810 8813 24 May 1992 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
3331 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)00-004D-2FB4 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9212 M 8202 8707 19 Feb 1992 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.250<br />
9213 ? 8508 8509 27 Jul 1992 Hatching UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 1 Dec 1993 0.000<br />
10 Oct 1993 Trade ST. ANDRE DE S<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9214 F 8307 8210 3 Jun 1992 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 29 Dec 1993 (R)O4085 0.000<br />
9215 M 8810 8813 6 Oct 1992 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
3423 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)00-0026-8B82 0.000<br />
9216 F 7605 8207 3 Mar 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8510 0.000<br />
2 Feb 1993 Donation WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9217 M 7605 8207 22 Aug 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8374 0.000<br />
2 Feb 1993 Donation WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9219 M 8409 8410 ? ? 1992 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)14960 0.000<br />
1 Apr 1993 Loan O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9220 F 8407 8408 ? ? 1992 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)31497 0.000<br />
1 Apr 1993 Loan O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9301 ? 8409 8410 9 Mar 1993 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 29 Mar 1993 0.000<br />
9302 ? 8202 8709 29 May 1993 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
9303 ? 8202 8709 20 Nov 1993 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
9304 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1993 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
9305 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1993 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
9306 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1993 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
9307 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1993 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
9308 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1993 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9309 ? 9107 9106 1 Sep 1993 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
9310 F 7605 8207 27 Jul 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8538 0.000<br />
9311 ? 8508 8509 13 May 1993 Hatching UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 13 May 1993 0.000<br />
9312 ? 8508 8509 16 Jul 1993 Hatching UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 12 Aug 1993 0.000<br />
9313 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1993 Hatching GOCH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)042 0.000<br />
15 Oct 1993 Unknown WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9314 M 8307 8210 30 Sep 1993 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
3134 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)AVI 93 325 0.000<br />
2.2.1 HISTORICAL GOURA CRISTATA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
────────────────────────────────────────────-<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identification Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
9315 M UNKN UNKN 25 Jun 1993 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZ804930071 0.000<br />
9401 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1994 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9402 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1994 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9403 ? 8202 8709 5 Jul 1994 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 5 Jul 1994 0.375<br />
9404 F 7605 8207 14 May 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8856 0.000<br />
9405 ? 8925 8804 30 Sep 1994 Hatching TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZW804940061 0.000<br />
9406 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9407 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1994 0.000<br />
9408 ? UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1994 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1994 0.000<br />
9409 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1994 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9410 ? 9219 9220 15 Oct 1994 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9411 ? 9313 9002 18 Jun 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)087 0.000<br />
24 Nov 1995 EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
==================================================================<br />
=============================================<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.2 CURRENT GOURA CRISTATA POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
Housename ARKS Program Identification FC<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
ADLISWIL, Switzerland (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9013 M WILD WILD 8 Jun 1990 Purchase ADLISWIL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)675 0.000<br />
9017 F WILD WILD 8 Jun 1990 Purchase ADLISWIL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (U)645 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
ALPHEN, The Netherlands (Census: 3.2.0)<br />
8210 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1982 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)04039 0.000<br />
31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN 345 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8305 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN<br />
341 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)04523 0.000<br />
8306 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN<br />
346 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)04525 0.000<br />
8307 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1983 Trade ALPHEN<br />
342 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)BLIJDORP/L027 0.000<br />
9314 M 8307 8210 30 Sep 1993 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
3134 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)AVI 93 325 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................ARCEN, The<br />
Netherlands (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8607 F UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1986 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)yellow 0.000<br />
1 May 1988 Purchase ARCEN 149<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9015 M UNKN UNKN 15 Sep 1990 Hatching ARCEN 152<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)S1031 R2531 RL 0.000<br />
15 Oct 1992 Loan to OVERPELT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
31 Oct 1993 Loan Rtn ARCEN 152 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BARCELONA, Spain (Census: 2.1.4)<br />
8810 M WILD WILD 27 Feb 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2692 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)T0179 0.000<br />
8812 ? WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2694 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)T0177 0.000<br />
8813 F WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2695 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO176 0.000<br />
8822 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2705 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8824 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Unknown BARCELONA<br />
2702 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO162 0.000<br />
9210 ? 8810 8813 24 May 1992 Hatching BARCELONA PUNKY<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
LILA 3331 <strong>EEP</strong> (C)00-004D-2FB4 0.000<br />
9215 M 8810 8813 6 Oct 1992 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
PITUFA LILA 3423 <strong>EEP</strong> (C)00-0026-8B82 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BERLIN/ZOO , Germany (Census: 0.1.0)<br />
6601 F 6502 6501 ? ? 1966 Hatching BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C-00186-188 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BEST, The Netherlands (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8719 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1987 Purchase OISTERWIJK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8 Feb 1993 Purchase BEST <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8720 F WILD WILD 1 Aug 1987 Unknown OISTERWIJK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8 Feb 1993 Purchase BEST <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BOCHUM, Germany (Census: 2.2.2)<br />
8202 M WILD WILD 24 Sep 1982 Trade BOCHUM 1<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)yellow 0.000<br />
8709 F 8202 8707 10 Jan 1989 Hatching BOCHUM 9<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)WHITE 0.250<br />
9004 F 8202 8707 14 Aug 1989 Hatching BOCHUM 8<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)RED 0.250<br />
9212 M 8202 8707 19 Feb 1992 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.250<br />
9302 ? 8202 8709 29 May 1993 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
9303 ? 8202 8709 20 Nov 1993 Hatching BOCHUM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BOJNICE, Slovakia (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8504 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1985 Hatching BUDAPEST<br />
DODO <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
28 Jun 1994 Purchase BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9115 F UNKN UNKN 8 Apr 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BUDAPEST, Hungary (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8703 M WILD WILD 18 Feb 1988 Unknown BUDAPEST<br />
000558 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9114 F UNKN UNKN 8 Apr 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
2 Dec 1994 Purchase BUDAPEST 000556 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
2.2.2 CURRENT GOURA CRISTATA POPULATION<br />
AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
Housename ARKS Program Identification FC<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
CHESTER, Great Britain (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8708 M UNKN UNKN 17 Jun 1987 Hatching BOCHUM 7<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)BLUE LEFT 0.000<br />
27 Mar 1991 Loan CHESTER<br />
4222 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9014 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1990 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)BLUE RIGHT 0.000<br />
2 Dec 1991 Trade CHESTER<br />
4526 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
DOUE-LA-FONTAIN, France (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8801 M 8508 8509 23 Aug 1988 Hatching UPIE NO<br />
3 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Dec 1990 Unknown DOUE-LA-FONTAIN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9105 F UNKN UNKN 14 Sep 1991 Hatching ARCEN 153<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)R 2645 0.000<br />
3 Apr 1993 Trade DOUE-LA-FONTAIN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
GETTORF, Germany (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8914 M WILD WILD 7 Oct 1987 Unknown GETTORF<br />
8914 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8915 F WILD WILD 1 Aug 1990 Unknown GETTORF<br />
8915 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
JEREZ DL FRONT, Spain (Census: 1.0.1)<br />
8409 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1989 Loan JEREZ <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9111 ? 8409 8410 ? ? 1991 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
LEIPZIG, Germany (Cencus: 1.0.0)<br />
8506 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching JURONG<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
3 Aug 1986 Trade LEIPZIG<br />
B00357 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
LIBEREC, Czech Republic (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8910 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching OSIEK<br />
0.000<br />
13 May 1989 Unknown LIBEREC <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8911 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching OSIEK<br />
0.000<br />
13 May 1989 Unknown LIBEREC <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
LISBOA, Portugal (Census: 0.1.0)<br />
8802 F WILD WILD 4 Dec 1988 Loan LISBOA C:<br />
00-0015-F315 2782 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 304 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
LOUROSA, Portugal (Census: 0.0.1)<br />
9110 ? 8409 8410 ? ? 1991 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
MONTPELLIER, France (Census: 3.0.0)<br />
8909 M 8715 8716 23 Jun 1989 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES 12<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.250<br />
23 Mar 1990 Unknown MONTPELLIER <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9009 M 8715 8716 20 Mar 1990 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES 13<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.250<br />
18 Mar 1991 Loan MONTPELLIER <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9010 M 8103 7702 23 Mar 1990 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES 14<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
18 Mar 1991 Loan MONTPELLIER <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
O ROSAL, Spain (Census: 1.1.1)<br />
9219 M 8409 8410 ? ? 1992 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)14960 0.000<br />
1 Apr 1993 Loan O ROSAL <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9220 F 8407 8408 ? ? 1992 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)31497 0.000<br />
1 Apr 1993 Loan O ROSAL <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9410 ? 9219 9220 15 Oct 1994 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
OVERPELT, Belgium (Census: 0.1.0)<br />
8706 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1987 Unknown OVERPELT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
.............................................<br />
PISA, Italy (Census: 1.1.3)<br />
9106 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1990 Purchase PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9107 M UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1990 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9401 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1994 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 2.2.2 CURRENT<br />
GOURA CRISTATA POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
Housename ARKS Program Identification FC<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
PISA cont.<br />
9402 ? 9107 9106 ? ? 1994 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9406 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Prague, Czech Republic (Census: 1.2.0)<br />
8916 F WILD WILD 25 Apr 1989 Trade PRAGUE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (U)P 1 0.000<br />
8917 F WILD WILD 25 Apr 1989 Trade PRAGUE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)P 2 0.000<br />
9202 M 7403 9012 21 May 1992 Hatching WUPPERTAL<br />
359/20 694393 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
14 Jul 1994 Loan PRAGUE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
RAMAT-GAN, TEL-AVIV, Israel (Census: 1.0.0)<br />
7900 M UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1979 Unknown RAMAT-GAN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
RECANATI, Italy (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8512 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1985 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Sep 1988 Loan RECANATI <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8513 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1985 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Sep 1986 Loan RECANATI <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
STAN. DE S, France (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9011 F 8103 7702 22 Dec 1990 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES 14<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
24 Oct 1993 Purchase ST. ANDRE DE S <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9203 M 8103 7702 19 Jun 1992 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
24 Oct 1993 Purchase ST. ANDRE DE S <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
TIMMASPE, Germany (Census: 3.3.1)<br />
8803 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1990 Hatching TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8804 F UNKN UNKN 21 Apr 1990 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8825 F UNKN UNKN 12 Aug 1994 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)SH00100817 0.000<br />
8925 M UNKN UNKN 12 Aug 1994 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)SH00101064 0.000<br />
9108 F UNKN UNKN 16 Dec 1993 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9315 M UNKN UNKN 25 Jun 1993 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZ 804 93 0071 0.000<br />
9405 ? 8925 8804 30 Sep 1994 Hatching TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZW 80494 0061 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
UPIE, France (Census: 2.2.0)<br />
8508 M WILD WILD 6 Aug 1986 Purchase UPIE NO<br />
1 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8509 F WILD WILD 30 Aug 1985 Purchase UPIE NO<br />
1 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8717 M 8508 8509 7 Aug 1987 Hatching UPIE NO<br />
2 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9102 F 8508 8509 6 Jun 1991 Hatching UPIE NO<br />
6 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
VILLARS-DOMBES, France (Census: 2.2.0)<br />
7702 F WILD WILD 26 Jan 1977 Trade VILLARS-DOMBES 2<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8103 M WILD WILD 2 Jul 1970 Unknown VILLARS-DOMBES 1<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8715 M 8103 7702 1 May 1987 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES 3<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8716 F 8103 7702 20 Sep 1987 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES 4<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
WALSRODE/M, Spain (Census: 1.1.1)<br />
8205 ? WILD WILD 13 Dec 1983 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7454 0.000<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9007 M UNKN UNKN 24 Jun 1990 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7088 0.000<br />
27 Apr 1992 Trade WALSRODE/M <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9216 F 7605 8207 3 Mar 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8510 0.000<br />
2 Feb 1993 Donation WALSRODE/M <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
2.2.2 CURRENT GOURA CRISTATA POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
Housename ARKS Program Identification FC<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
WALSRODE/V, Germany (Census: 2.3.0)<br />
7605 M WILD WILD 20 Feb 1976 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8126 0.000<br />
8207 F WILD WILD 20 Feb 1976 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8127 0.000<br />
8212 M WILD WILD 2 Jun 1982 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8049 0.000<br />
9310 F 7605 8207 27 Jul 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8538 0.000<br />
9404 F 7605 8207 14 May 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8856 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
WEERT, The Netherlands (Census: 1.1.1)<br />
9002 F WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown WEERT 12<br />
RE <strong>EEP</strong> (R)12 RE 0.000<br />
9313 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1993 Hatching GOCH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)042 0.000<br />
15 Oct 1993 Unknown WEERT <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9411 ? 9313 9002 18 Jun 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)087 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
WUPPERTAL, Germany (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9005 M 8202 8707 22 Jun 1990 Hatching BOCHUM 11<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORANGE 0.250<br />
14 Jul 1994 Loan WUPPERTAL <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9012 F WILD WILD 7 Nov 1990 Unknown WUPPERTAL<br />
341/24 694392 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.3 FOUNDER REPRESENTATION OF GOURA CRISTATA AS OF 31 DEC. 1994<br />
2.2.4 AGE DISTRIBUTION OF GOURA CRISTATA AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
2.2.5 BIRTHS, DEATHS AND IMPORTS OF GOURA CRISTATA 1988-1994<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.6.1 DEATHS OF GOURA CRISTATA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Death date Sex Sire# Dam# Site of birth<br />
Birth date Last site Identification<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Deaths during: 1988 (Subtotal: 6.6.2)<br />
8310 ? ? 1988 Male UNKN UNKN WAMEL DVL<br />
? Jan 1983 ARCEN (R)GREEN<br />
8404 12 Jan 1988 Female 8307 8210 ALPHEN<br />
? ? 1984 ROTTERDAM (R)L169 8503 19 Feb 1988<br />
Male UNKN 6801 WALSRODE/V ? ? 1985<br />
WALSRODE/V (R)B 8049 8502 19 Feb 1988 Male UNKN<br />
6801 WALSRODE/V ? ? 1985 WALSRODE/V<br />
(R)B8029/YELLO<br />
7203 10 Mar 1988 Female UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN<br />
? ? 1972 BERLIN/ZOO (R)?<br />
8712 4 Jul 1988 Male UNKN UNKN ALPHEN<br />
? Jan 1986 ROTTERDAM (U)L 251 8204 11 Oct 1988<br />
Female WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1982<br />
WALSRODE/V (R)B7297/YELLO<br />
8806 26 Oct 1988 Unk. sex 8103 7702 VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
25 Oct 1988 VILLARS-DOMBES 8714 22 Dec 1988<br />
Female UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ? ? 1988<br />
ROTTERDAM (U)L 236L 6803 ? ? 1988 Male<br />
WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1968 WALSRODE/V<br />
(R)B7292/YELLO<br />
7601 ? ? 1988 Female WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1976 RHENEN 7602 ? ? 1988<br />
Female WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1976<br />
RHENEN 7502 ? ? 1988 Unk. sex<br />
UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ? ? 1975 HANNOVER<br />
7903 ? ? 1988 Male 7002 7203<br />
DARMSTADT 1 Jul 1979 HEIDELBERG<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1989 (Subtotal: 4.4.6)<br />
7705 ? ? 1989 Male WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1977 MUNICH 8905 3 Jun 1989<br />
Unk. sex 8103 7702 VILLARS-DOMBES 5 Apr 1989<br />
VILLARS-DOMBES 8805 28 Jul 1989 Unk. sex<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8103 7702 VILLARS-DOMBES 11 Apr 1988 VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
8903 5 Aug 1989 Male UNKN UNKN<br />
UNKNOWN ? ? 1989 GETTORF<br />
8913 7 Aug 1989 Unk. sex UNKN UNKN GETTORF<br />
17 Jun 1989 GETTORF 8912 10 Aug 1989<br />
Female UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ? ? 1989<br />
GETTORF 8701 28 Aug 1989 Male<br />
WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1987 VOETS<br />
Subsp. minor<br />
8702 28 Aug 1989 Female WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1986 VOETS (R)L228R 8807 4 Sep 1989<br />
Unk. sex 8103 7702 VILLARS-DOMBES 12 Dec 1988<br />
VILLARS-DOMBES 7703 4 Nov 1989 Female<br />
7403 7404 WUPPERTAL 20 Oct 1977 WUPPERTAL<br />
7706 4 Nov 1989 Female WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1977 WUPPERTAL 8901<br />
3 Dec 1989 Unk. sex 8508 8509 UPIE 5 Sep<br />
1989 UPIE 8907 15 Dec 1989<br />
Unk. sex 8103 7702 VILLARS-DOMBES 15 Nov 1989<br />
VILLARS-DOMBES 8208 ? ? 1989 Male<br />
UNKN 6801 WALSRODE/V 31 Dec 1982 WALSRODE/V<br />
(R)8197/BLUE<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1990 (Subtotal: 4.1.4)<br />
8908 5 Feb 1990 Unk. sex 8103 7702 VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
30 Dec 1989 VILLARS-DOMBES 9006 9 Feb 1990<br />
Unk. sex 8202 8707 BOCHUM 8 Feb 1990<br />
BOCHUM 8711 12 Apr 1990 Unk. sex<br />
8202 UNKN BOCHUM 8 Feb 1990 BOCHUM<br />
8403 23 Apr 1990 Male 8307 8210<br />
ALPHEN ? ? 1984 ROTTERDAM (R)L170<br />
8603 ? ? 1990 Unk. sex 8202 8501 BOCHUM<br />
17 Dec 1986 SCHMIDING 7501 2 Oct 1990<br />
Male 6502 6601 BERLIN/ZOO 28 May 1975<br />
BERLIN/ZOO (R)C-00176 8811 11 Dec 1990 Male<br />
WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1988 BARCELONA<br />
(U)TO178 8713 16 Dec 1990 Female UNKN UNKN<br />
UNKNOWN ? ? 1988 ROTTERDAM (U)L 248R<br />
7603 ? ? 1990 Male 7501 6601 BERLIN/ZOO<br />
26 Dec 1976 SCHMIDING (R)C-002014<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1991 (Subtotal: 1.9.3)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8311 18 Jan 1991 Unk. sex UNKN UNKN WAMEL DVL<br />
? Jan 1983 ARCEN 8209 27 Feb 1991<br />
Female WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1982<br />
MIERLO (R)3783 L 8206 24 Apr 1991 Male<br />
WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1982 WALSRODE/M<br />
8405 ? ? 1991 Female 8202 8203<br />
BOCHUM 22 Nov 1984 SCHMIDING (R)PINK<br />
6802 9 Jul 1991 Female WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1981 WALSRODE/V (R)B 7296 8704 31 Aug 1991<br />
Female UNKN UNKN BUDAPEST ? ? 1984<br />
BUDAPEST 8904 5 Nov 1991 Female<br />
UNKN UNKN OSIEK ? ? 1986 LIBEREC<br />
8918 6 Nov 1991 Female UNKN UNKN<br />
LIBEREC ? ? 1990 PRAGUE<br />
9103 8 Nov 1991 Unk. sex 8508 8509 UPIE<br />
2 Nov 1991 UPIE 8505 25 Nov 1991<br />
Female UNKN UNKN JURONG ? ? 1985<br />
LEIPZIG (R)B 7465 8705 29 Nov 1991 Female<br />
UNKN 8204 WALSRODE/V 10 Jun 1988 WALSRODE/V<br />
(R)B7074 9001 15 Dec 1991 Unk. sex 8508 8509<br />
UPIE 6 Jun 1990 DOUE-LA-FONTAIN<br />
6701 ? ? 1991 Female UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN<br />
? ? 1973 AUGSBURG<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
2.2.6.1 DEATHS OF GOURA CRISTATA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Death date Sex Sire# Dam# Site of birth<br />
Birth date Last site Identification<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Deaths during: 1992 (Subtotal: 3.6.6)<br />
8309 2 Feb 1992 Male UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN<br />
? ? 1983 ALPHEN (R)04080 8507 7 Feb 1992<br />
Female UNKN UNKN JURONG ? ? 1986<br />
ANTWERP (R)WHITE 9201 8 Feb 1992 Unk. sex<br />
9107 9106 PISA 6 Feb 1992 PISA<br />
9104 11 May 1992 Unk. sex 8202 8707<br />
BOCHUM 23 Apr 1991 BOCHUM (R)PURPLE<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
7704 15 May 1992 Male WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1977 WUPPERTAL (R)5503 9207 ? ? 1992<br />
Unk. sex 9107 9106 PISA ? ? 1992 PISA<br />
9208 ? ? 1992 Unk. sex 9107<br />
9106 PISA ? Jun 1992 PISA<br />
9209 ? ? 1992 Unk. sex 9107 9106 PISA<br />
? Jun 1992 PISA 8707 9<br />
Jun 1992 Female 8202 8203 BOCHUM 22 Nov 1984<br />
BOCHUM (R)BLUE/BLACK 9008 10 Jun 1992 Female<br />
UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ? ? ?1990 WALSRODE/V<br />
(R)C7025 8406 26 Jun 1992 Male UNKN 8207<br />
WALSRODE/V 31 Dec 1984 WALSRODE/V (R)B8028<br />
9206 ? ? 1992 Unk. sex 9107 9106 PISA<br />
? ? 1992 PISA 9003 2 Sep 1992<br />
Female WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1989 WEERT<br />
(R)13 RE 7001 30 Oct 1992 Female WILD<br />
WILD WILD ? ? 1970 ROTTERDAM<br />
8308 3 Dec 1992 Female UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN<br />
? ? 1983 ALPHEN (R)04042<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1993 (Subtotal: 4.4.11)<br />
8408 ? ? 1993 Female WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1984 LOUROSA 7906 4 Jan 1993<br />
Male UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ? ? 1979<br />
ROTTERDAM (R)L084 R 9304 ? ? 1993 Unk. sex<br />
9107 9106 PISA ? ? 1993 PISA<br />
9205 22 Jan 1993 Female UNKN UNKN<br />
ARCEN 3 Jul 1992 ARCEN (R)R 2540 (L)<br />
8606 9 Feb 1993 Male UNKN UNKN JURONG<br />
? ? 1986 ANTWERP (R)JBP 0047 9305 ? ? 1993<br />
Unk. sex 9107 9106 PISA ? ? 1993 PISA<br />
9301 29 Mar 1993 Unk. sex 8409<br />
8410 JEREZ 9 Mar 1993 JEREZ<br />
9204 ? ? 1993 Unk. sex 8407 8408 LOUROSA<br />
? Jan 1992 LOUROSA 9306 ?<br />
? 1993 Unk. sex 9107 9106 PISA ? ? 1993<br />
PISA 9311 13 May 1993 Unk. sex<br />
8508 8509 UPIE 13 May 1993 UPIE<br />
9307 ? ? 1993 Unk. sex 9107 9106<br />
PISA ? ? 1993 PISA<br />
9312 12 Aug 1993 Unk. sex 8508 8509 UPIE<br />
16 Jul 1993 UPIE 9309 ? ? 1993<br />
Unk. sex 9107 9106 PISA 1 Sep 1993 PISA<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8304 15 Sep 1993 Female WILD<br />
WILD WILD ? ? 1983 OVERPELT<br />
9308 ? ? 1993 Unk. sex 9107 9106 PISA<br />
? ? 1993 PISA 8101 27<br />
Sep 1993 Male UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ? ? 1979<br />
OVERPELT 7403 9 Nov 1993 Male<br />
WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1974 WUPPERTAL<br />
9213 1 Dec 1993 Unk. sex 8508 8509<br />
UPIE 27 Jul 1992 ST.AND-DE-S<br />
9214 29 Dec 1993 Female 8307 8210 ALPHEN<br />
3 Jun 1992 ALPHEN (R)O4085<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1994 (Subtotal: 4.2.7)<br />
7802 5 Jan 1994 Male WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1978 MIERLO 8410 9 Jan 1994<br />
Female WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1984 JEREZ<br />
8407 ? ? 1994 Male WILD<br />
WILD WILD ? ? 1984 LOUROSA<br />
7701 12 May 1994 Unk. sex WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1977 PALMYRE 9408 ?<br />
? 1994 Unk. sex UNKN UNKN PISA ? Jun 1994<br />
PISA 9409 ? ? 1994 Unk. sex<br />
UNKN UNKN PISA ? ? 1994 PISA<br />
9403 5 Jul 1994 Unk. sex 8202 8709<br />
BOCHUM 5 Jul 1994 BOCHUM<br />
8906 1 Aug 1994 Male 8103 7702 VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
22 Jul 1989 MONTPELLIER 8401 5 Aug 1994<br />
Male 8202 8203 BOCHUM 4 Aug 1984<br />
SCHMIDING (R)PINK 8820 30 Aug 1994 Unk. sex<br />
WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1988 BARCELONA<br />
(T)TO 164 9407 ? ? 1994 Unk. sex UNKN UNKN<br />
PISA ? ? 1994 PISA<br />
9101 20 Oct 1994 Female UNKN UNKN ALPHEN<br />
16 May 1991 ARCEN (R)AV1 ZILVER 8823 8 Dec 1994<br />
Unk. sex WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1988<br />
BARCELONA<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Total deaths: 26.32.39<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.6.2 REPORTED DEATH CAUSES OF GOURA CRISTATA THROUGH 1994<br />
────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Death date Last site PM report Primary cause(s) of death<br />
────────────────────────────────────────<br />
6802 9 Jul 1991 Walsrode/v tumor in ovary<br />
6803 ? ? 1988 Walsrode/v enteritis<br />
7001 30 Oct 1992 Rotterdam 401378 trauma(laparoscopy), aspergillosis<br />
7203 10 Mar 1988 Berlin/Zoo 4 A-05927/G4468 serofibrinose aerosacculutis<br />
7403 9 Nov 1993 Wuppertal trauma (ruptured spleen)<br />
7701 12 May 1994 Palmyre trauma (anaesthesia-laparoscopy)<br />
7703 4 Nov 1989 Wuppertal suspected avian T.B.C.<br />
7704 15 May 1992 Wuppertal trauma, accident<br />
7905 30 Dec 1981 Steinen aspergillosis<br />
7906 4 Jan 1993 Rotterdam B 401380 possible nephritis (clostridium)<br />
8101 27 Sep 1993 Overpelt gout<br />
8203 28 Aug 1985 Bochum trauma (open fracture left leg)<br />
8204 11 Oct 1988 Walsrode/v trauma (broken neck)<br />
8304 15 Sep 1993 Overpelt trauma<br />
8401 5 Aug 1994 Schmiding hemorrhagic enteritis<br />
8403 23 Apr 1990 Rotterdam B 90 76 septicaemia<br />
8406 26 Jun 1992 Walsrode/v nephritis 8407<br />
? ? 1994 Lourosa salmonellosis<br />
8501 ? Jun 1987 Bochum pneumonia<br />
8503 19 Feb 1988 Walsrode/v trauma<br />
8505 25 Nov 1991 Leipzig mycotic pneumonia<br />
8507 7 Feb 1992 Antwerp focal ventricular fibrosis<br />
8510 7 Nov 1986 Upie enterotoxemia<br />
8602 10 Dec 1987 Halle possible poultry tuberculosis<br />
8704 31 Aug 1991 Budapest leucosis<br />
8705 29 Nov 1991 Walsrode/v aspergillosis<br />
8707 9 Jun 1992 Bochum aspergillosis, septacaemia<br />
8711 12 Apr 1990 Bochum streptococcus<br />
8805 28 Jul 1989 Villars-Dombes pneumonia<br />
8806 26 Oct 1988 Villars-Dombes trauma 8807<br />
4 Sep 1989 Villars-Dombes pneumonia<br />
8901 3 Dec 1989 Upie enterotoxemia<br />
8903 5 Aug 1989 Gettorf Salmonella bovis<br />
8904 5 Nov 1991 Liberec trauma (anaesthesia-laparoscopy)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.6.2 REPORTED DEATH CAUSES OF GOURA CRISTATA THROUGH 1994<br />
────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Death date Last site PM report Primary cause(s) of death<br />
────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8912 10 Aug 1989 Gettorf Salmonella bovis<br />
8913 7 Aug 1989 Gettorf Salmonella bovis<br />
8918 6 Nov 1991 Prague trauma after laparoscopy<br />
9001 15 Dec 1991 Doue-la-Fontain trauma (frightened by keeper)<br />
9006 9 Feb 1990 Bochum streptococcus<br />
9008 10 Jun 1992 Walsrode/v trauma<br />
9103 8 Nov 1991 Upie hypothermia<br />
9104 11 May 1992 Bochum aspergillosis, Salmonella found<br />
9201 8 Feb 1992 Pisa trauma, parental aluminum ring<br />
9308 ? ? 1993 Pisa trauma (heating mistake)<br />
9311 13 May 1993 Upie trauma (fallen on the ground)<br />
9312 12 Aug 1993 Upie trauma (fallen on the ground)<br />
9403 5 Jul 1994 Bochum trauma<br />
9407 ? ? 1994 Pisa respiratory tract inflammation<br />
=======================================================================<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.6.3 SEASON OF DEATHS OF GOURA CRISTATA<br />
1952 - 1987 (N = 32)<br />
1988 - 1994 (N = 78)<br />
1952 - 1994 (N = 110)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.7.1 BIRTHS OF GOURA CRISTATA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Birth date Site of birth Sire# Dam#<br />
Identification Fc Death date Last site<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Births during: 1988 (Subtotal: 1.1.3)<br />
8805 Unk. sex 11 Apr 1988 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702<br />
0.000 28 Jul 1989 VILLARS-D.<br />
8705 Female 10 Jun 1988 WALSRODE/V UNKN 8204<br />
(R)B7074 0.000 29 Nov 1991 WALSRODE/V<br />
8801 Male 23 Aug 1988 UPIE 8508 8509<br />
0.000 D.L.FONTAIN<br />
8806 Unk. sex 25 Oct 1988 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702<br />
0.000 26 Oct 1988 VILLARS-D.<br />
8807 Unk. sex 12 Dec 1988 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702<br />
0.000 4 Sep 1989 VILLARS-D.<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1989 (Subtotal: 2.2.5)<br />
8709 Female 10 Jan 1989 BOCHUM 8202 8707<br />
(R)WHITE 0.250 BOCHUM<br />
8905 Unk. sex 5 Apr 1989 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702<br />
0.000 3 Jun 1989 VILLARS-D.<br />
8913 Unk. sex 17 Jun 1989 GETTORF UNKN UNKN<br />
0.000 7 Aug 1989 GETTORF<br />
8906 Male 22 Jul 1989 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702<br />
0.000 1 Aug 1994 MONTPELLIER 9004 Female 14<br />
Aug 1989 BOCHUM 8202 8707 (R)RED 0.250<br />
BOCHUM<br />
8901 Unk. sex 5 Sep 1989 UPIE 8508 8509<br />
0.000 3 Dec 1989 UPIE<br />
8803 Male ? ? 1989 TIMMASPE UNKN UNKN<br />
0.000 TIMMASPE 8907 Unk. sex 15<br />
Nov 1989 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702 0.000<br />
15 Dec 1989 VILLARS-D.<br />
8908 Unk. sex 30 Dec 1989 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702<br />
0.000 5 Feb 1990 VILLARS-D.<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1990 (Subtotal: 4.3.3)<br />
8711 Unk. sex 8 Feb 1990 BOCHUM 8202 UNKN<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
0.000 12 Apr 1990 BOCHUM<br />
9006 Unk. sex 8 Feb 1990 BOCHUM 8202 8707<br />
0.250 9 Feb 1990 BOCHUM<br />
9010 Male 23 Mar 1990 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702<br />
0.000 MONTPELLIER 8804 Female ?<br />
? 1990 TIMMASPE UNKN UNKN 0.000<br />
TIMMASPE 9001 Unk. sex 6 Jun 1990 UPIE<br />
8508 8509 0.000 15 Dec 1991<br />
D.L.FONTAIN<br />
9014 Female ? ? 1990 ALPHEN UNKN UNKN<br />
(R)BLUE RIGHT 0.000 CHESTER 9005 Male<br />
22 Jun 1990 BOCHUM 8202 8707 (R)ORANGE<br />
0.250 WUPPERTAL<br />
9007 Male 24 Jun 1990 WALSRODE/V UNKN UNKN (R)C<br />
7088 0.000 WALSRODE/M 9015 Male 15<br />
Sep 1990 ARCEN UNKN UNKN (R)S1031 R2531 RL 0.000<br />
ARCEN<br />
9011 Female 22 Dec 1990 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702<br />
0.000 ST.AND-DE-S<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1991 (Subtotal: 0.3.4)<br />
9110 Unk. sex ? ? 1991 LOUROSA 8409 8410<br />
0.000 LOUROSA 9111 Unk. sex ?<br />
? 1991 JEREZ 8409 8410 0.000<br />
JEREZ<br />
9104 Unk. sex 23 Apr 1991 BOCHUM 8202 8707<br />
(R)PURPLE 0.250 11 May 1992 BOCHUM<br />
9101 Female 16 May 1991 ALPHEN UNKN UNKN<br />
(R)AV1 ZILVER R 0.000 20 Oct 1994 ARCEN 9102 Female<br />
6 Jun 1991 UPIE 8508 8509<br />
0.000 UPIE 9105 Female 14 Sep 1991<br />
ARCEN UNKN UNKN (R)R 2645 0.000<br />
D.L.FONTAIN<br />
9103 Unk. sex 2 Nov 1991 UPIE 8508 8509<br />
0.000 8 Nov 1991 UPIE<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1992 (Subtotal: 6.4.8)<br />
9204 Unk. sex ? Jan 1992 LOUROSA 8407 8408<br />
0.000 ? ? 1993 LOUROSA<br />
9219 Male ? ? 1992 JEREZ 8409 8410<br />
(R)14960 0.000 O ROSAL 9220 Female<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
? ? 1992 LOUROSA 8407 8408 (R)31497<br />
0.000 O ROSAL<br />
9201 Unk. sex 6 Feb 1992 PISA 9107 9106<br />
0.000 8 Feb 1992 PISA<br />
9212 Male 19 Feb 1992 BOCHUM 8202 8707<br />
0.250 BOCHUM 9216 Female 3<br />
Mar 1992 WALSRODE/V 7605 8207 (R)B 8510 0.000<br />
WALSRODE/M 9202 Male 21 May 1992<br />
WUPPERTAL 7403 9012 0.000<br />
PRAGUE<br />
9210 Unk. sex 24 May 1992 BARCELONA 8810 8813<br />
(R)00-004D-2FB4 0.000 BARCELONA<br />
9207 Unk. sex ? ? 1992 PISA 9107 9106<br />
0.000 ? ? 1992 PISA<br />
9208 Unk. sex ? Jun 1992 PISA 9107 9106<br />
0.000 ? ? 1992 PISA<br />
9209 Unk. sex ? Jun 1992 PISA 9107 9106<br />
0.000 ? ? 1992 PISA<br />
9214 Female 3 Jun 1992 ALPHEN 8307 8210<br />
(R)O4085 0.000 29 Dec 1993 ALPHEN 9206 Unk. sex<br />
? ? 1992 PISA 9107 9106<br />
0.000 ? ? 1992 PISA<br />
9203 Male 19 Jun 1992 VILLARS-DOMBES 8103 7702<br />
0.000 ST.AND.DE S 9205 Female 3<br />
Jul 1992 ARCEN UNKN UNKN (R)R 2540 (L) 0.000<br />
22 Jan 1993 ARCEN,PRIVE<br />
9213 Unk. sex 27 Jul 1992 UPIE 8508 8509<br />
0.000 1 Dec 1993 ST.AND.DE S 9217 Male 22<br />
Aug 1992 WALSRODE/V 7605 8207 (R)B 8374 0.000<br />
WALSRODE/M 9215 Male 6 Oct 1992<br />
BARCELONA 8810 8813 (R)00-0026-8B82 0.000<br />
BARCELONA<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
2.2.7.1 BIRTHS OF GOURA CRISTATA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Birth date Site of birth Sire# Dam#<br />
Identification Fc Death date Last site<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Births during: 1993 (Subtotal: 2.3.11)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9304 Unk. sex ? ? 1993 PISA 9107 9106<br />
0.000 ? ? 1993 PISA 8825 Female ?<br />
? 1993 TIMMASPE UNKN UNKN (R)SH00100817 0.000<br />
TIMMASPE 8925 Male ? ? 1993 TIMMASPE<br />
UNKN UNKN (R)SH00101064 0.000<br />
TIMMASPE 9305 Unk. sex ? ? 1993 PISA 9107<br />
9106 0.000 ? ? 1993 PISA 9301<br />
Unk. sex 9 Mar 1993 JEREZ 8409 8410<br />
0.000 29 Mar 1993 JEREZ 9306 Unk. sex ? ?<br />
1993 PISA 9107 9106 0.000 ?<br />
? 1993 PISA 9311 Unk. sex 13 May 1993 UPIE<br />
8508 8509 0.000 13 May 1993 UPIE<br />
9302 Unk. sex 29 May 1993 BOCHUM 8202 8709<br />
0.375 BOCHUM 9307 Unk. sex<br />
? ? 1993 PISA 9107 9106<br />
0.000 ? ? 1993 PISA 9312 Unk. sex 16 Jul 1993<br />
UPIE 8508 8509 0.000 12 Aug<br />
1993 UPIE 9310 Female 27 Jul 1993 WALSRODE/V<br />
7605 8207 (R)B 8538 0.000 WALSRODE/V<br />
9308 Unk. sex ? ? 1993 PISA 9107 9106<br />
0.000 ? ? 1993 PISA 9309 Unk. sex 1<br />
Sep 1993 PISA 9107 9106 0.000<br />
? ? 1993 PISA 9314 Male 30 Sep 1993 ALPHEN<br />
8307 8210 (R)AVI 93 325 0.000<br />
ALPHEN 9303 Unk. sex 20 Nov 1993 BOCHUM 8202<br />
8709 0.375 BOCHUM 9108<br />
Female ? ? 1993 TIMMASPE UNKN UNKN<br />
0.000 TIMMASPE<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1994 (Subtotal: 0.1.10)<br />
9401 Unk. sex ? ? 1994 PISA 9107 9106<br />
0.000 PISA 9402 Unk. sex ?<br />
? 1994 PISA 9107 9106 0.000<br />
PISA 9406 Unk. sex ? ? 1994 PISA<br />
UNKN UNKN 0.000 PISA<br />
9404 Female 14 May 1994 WALSRODE/V 7605 8207<br />
(R)B 8856 0.000 WALSRODE/V 9408 Unk.<br />
sex ? Jun 1994 PISA UNKN UNKN<br />
0.000 ? ? 1994 PISA 9409 Unk. sex ? ? 1994<br />
PISA UNKN UNKN 0.000 ? ?<br />
1994 PISA<br />
9411 Unk. sex 18 Jun 1994 WEERT 9313 9002<br />
(R)087 0.000 WEERT<br />
9403 Unk. sex 5 Jul 1994 BOCHUM 8202 8709<br />
0.375 5 Jul 1994 BOCHUM<br />
9407 Unk. sex ? ? 1994 PISA UNKN UNKN<br />
0.000 ? ? 1994 PISA<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9405 Unk. sex 30 Sep 1994 TIMMASPE 8925 8804<br />
(R)AZW 80494 0061 0.000 TIMMASPE<br />
9410 Unk. sex 15 Oct 1994 O ROSAL 9219 9220<br />
0.000 O ROSAL<br />
Total births: 15.17.44<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.7.2 SEASON OF BIRTHS OF GOURA CRISTATA<br />
1952 - 1987 (N = 28)<br />
1988 - 1994 (N = 60)<br />
1952 - 1994 (N = 88)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.8 TRANSFERS OF GOURA CRISTATA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
Date of transfer Stud# Old location New location<br />
dd mm yy<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
1988<br />
01 01 88 8310 Wamel Dvl Arcen<br />
18 02 88 8703 Wild Budapest<br />
27 02 88 8810 Wild Barcelona<br />
28 02 88 8812 Wild Barcelona<br />
28 02 88 8813 Wild Barcelona<br />
28 02 88 8811 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8815 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8816 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8817 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8818 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8819 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8821 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8822 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8824 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8820 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8823 Wild Barcelona<br />
01 05 88 8607 Alphen Arcen<br />
10 05 88 8814 Wild Barcelona<br />
07 06 88 8603 Bochum Berlin/zoo<br />
04 07 88 8712 Alphen Rotterdam<br />
19 08 88 8714 Unknown Rotterdam<br />
19 08 88 8713 Unknown Rotterdam<br />
01 09 88 8512 Pisa Recanati<br />
13 10 88 8405 Bochum Berlin/zoo<br />
04 12 88 8802 Lisboa Lisboa<br />
1989<br />
01 01 89 8903 Unknown Gettorf<br />
01 01 89 8912 Unknown Gettorf<br />
01 01 89 7706 Munich Wuppertal<br />
01 01 89 8409 Lourosa Jeres dl Front<br />
01 01 89 8410 Lourosa Jeres dl Front<br />
11 01 89 8702 Rotterdam Tilburg<br />
11 02 89 8701 Rotterdam Tilburg<br />
25 04 89 8917 Wild Prague<br />
25 04 89 8916 Wild Prague<br />
13 05 89 8910 Osiek Liberec<br />
13 05 89 8911 Osiek Liberec<br />
13 05 89 8904 Osiek Liberec<br />
07 06 89 8603 Berlin/zoo Schmiding<br />
02 07 89 8405 Berlin/zoo Schmiding<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.8 TRANSFERS OF GOURA CRISTATA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
Date of transfer Stud# Old location New location<br />
dd mm yy<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
1990<br />
01 01 90 9106 Wild Pisa<br />
16 03 90 7704 Munich Wuppertal<br />
23 03 90 8906 Villars-Dombes Montpellier<br />
23 03 90 8909 Villars-Dombes Montpellier<br />
02 05 90 7603 Berlin/Zoo Schmiding<br />
19 05 90 8311 Unknown Arcen<br />
24 05 90 9008 Unknown Walsrode/v<br />
01 06 90 9016 Unknown Bochum watt. Sc.<br />
07 06 90 9107 Unknown Pisa<br />
08 06 90 9013 Wild Adliswil<br />
08 06 90 9017 Wild Adliswil<br />
14 06 90 9002 Wild Weert<br />
16 06 90 9003 Wild Weert<br />
01 08 90 8915 Wild Gettorf<br />
11 08 90 8304 Wondergem Overpelt<br />
07 11 90 9012 Wild Wuppertal<br />
01 12 90 8801 Upie Doue la Fontain<br />
01 12 90 9001 Upie Doue la Fontain<br />
1991<br />
25 01 91 8401 Bochum Schmiding<br />
18 03 91 9010 Villars-Dombes Montpellier<br />
18 03 91 9009 Villars-Dombes Montpellier<br />
19 03 91 8918 Liberec Praha<br />
27 03 91 8708 Bochum Chester<br />
08 04 91 9115 Unknown Bojnice<br />
08 04 91 9114 Unknown Bojnice<br />
02 12 91 9014 Alphen Chester<br />
1992<br />
25 03 92 9101 Alphen Arcen<br />
14 04 92 9016 Bochum w.Sc. Bochum<br />
27 04 92 9007 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
1993<br />
02 02 93 9217 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
02 02 93 9216 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
08 02 93 8720 Oisterwijk Best<br />
08 02 93 8719 Oisterwijk Best<br />
01 04 93 9219 Jerez dl Front O Rosal<br />
01 04 93 9220 Lourosa O Rosal<br />
03 04 93 9105 Arcen Doue la Fontain<br />
25 06 93 9315 Unknown Timmaspe<br />
10 10 93 9213 Upie St. Andre de S.<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
15 10 93 9313 Goch Weert<br />
2.2.8 TRANSFERS OF GOURA CRISTATA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
Date of transfer Stud# Old location New location<br />
dd mm yy<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
1993 cont.<br />
24 10 93 9011 Villars-Dombes St. Andre de S<br />
24 10 93 9203 Villars-Dombes St. Andre de S<br />
31 10 93 9015 Overpelt Arcen<br />
1994<br />
01 06 94 9319 Singapore Tilburg<br />
01 06 94 9412 Singapore Tilburg<br />
28 06 94 8504 Budapest Bojnice<br />
14 07 94 9005 Bochum Wuppertal<br />
14 07 94 9202 Wuppertal Prague<br />
02 12 94 9114 Bojnice Budapest<br />
15 12 94 9217 Walsrode/m Mallorca Exotic<br />
===================================================================<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.2.9 SUMMARY OF SELECTED MANAGEMENT DATA FOR<br />
GOURA CRISTATA 1988 - 1994<br />
Population Size and Genetic Data<br />
Current population: (31 Dec. 1994): 39.35.15 (T=89)<br />
Founders: 25<br />
Live founders: 18; % current population 20.2%<br />
Potential founders: 24 (14 wild caught and 10 unknown parentage)<br />
Potential founders as % current pop.: 22.8%<br />
Transfers, Imports and Exports (See 2.2.8)<br />
There were 25 transfers made in 1988, 14 in 1989, 18 in 1990, 8 in 1991, 3 in 1992, 13 in 1993 and<br />
7 in 1994. There were 43 G. cristata imported into the <strong>EEP</strong> population between 1988-1994. Only<br />
one individual was exported out of the population.<br />
Age Distribution (See 2.2.4):<br />
The age of only 31 (34.8%) individuals in the current population was known as of 31 December<br />
1994; the year of birth but not the date was known for another 15 (16.9%). As would be expected,<br />
birds of known age have been generally younger birds bred in captivity. All 31 birds of known age<br />
were 8 years of age or younger as of 31 December 1994. There was no information on hatching date<br />
for 21 (31.3%) of the of 67 birds placed in the age categories of eight years or less. The age<br />
categorizations are usually based on the minimum amount of time that the birds are known to have<br />
been in captivity. Actual age of such birds could be much higher in many cases, as methods of<br />
capturing crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s (e.g. netting them at communal drinking locations) would favour<br />
capture of adult/self feeding individuals of any possible age.<br />
The <strong>number</strong> of individuals of unknown sex are divided equally between males and females in<br />
Figure 2.2.4.<br />
The population contains a lower proportion of young individuals than is desirable.<br />
Sex Ratio<br />
The sex ratio of males to females is 1.0:0.90. Sex of 15 (16.9%) of the birds has not been reported.<br />
All birds should be sexed as rapidly as possible, and techniques for sexing birds are discussed in the<br />
research and management section of this studbook.<br />
Founder Representation (See 2.2.3) and Inbreeding<br />
The two "pseudo founders" constituted 46.41% of the founder representation on 31 December 1994,<br />
meaning that 46.41% of the genes in the captive bred group were of unknown origin. Founder<br />
representation of each of the 25 known founders was low but fairly equal; all birds contributed less<br />
than 5% of the total and 14 birds less than 2% each. Together, the founders and potential founders<br />
constituted almost half of the population as of 31 December 1994.<br />
There were 10 individuals in the current population as of 31 December 1994 with an inbreeding<br />
coefficient of > 0; two of these <strong>pigeon</strong>s had an inbreeding coefficient of .375.<br />
Given the large percentage of founders and potential founders in the current population, and the<br />
fairly equal founder representation, the chance of a obtaining a genetically balanced and diverse<br />
population certainly seems possible if good management, including much improved reproduction<br />
and strict genetic management, is practised.<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
Number of Births and Deaths (See 2.2.5)<br />
The <strong>number</strong> of deaths unfortunately exceeded the <strong>number</strong> of births in all years except one (1992)<br />
during the 1989-1994 period.<br />
Season of Death (See 2.2.6.3)<br />
Deaths occurred during all months of the year; 35.9% of the deaths for which a date is known<br />
occurred during the 3 month period December-February. Deaths were slightly lower than average in<br />
the 3 month period June-August (23.0% of total) and the 6 month period May-October (44.9%).<br />
Age of Individuals at Death During the Period 1988-1994:<br />
Age 0-30d 30d-1y 1 + -5y 5 + -10y 10 + -15y 15 + -20y 20 + y Tot<br />
Est. 1 17 15 23 9 4 2 71<br />
Known 10 6 5 3 1 1 0 26<br />
Total 11 23 20 26 10 5 2 97<br />
Est. = Estimated age, or minimum age, based on date of arrival.<br />
Known = Age Known<br />
The mortality of adults in the G. cristata population was surprisingly high relative to the younger<br />
age categories; the 0-30 day group constituted only 11.5% of all deaths. It is possible that<br />
individuals in the adult estimated age categories were older than estimated, as the estimated age is<br />
usually based on the minimum length of time that the specimen was in captivity. However, the<br />
percentage of deaths in the 1 + -10 year age categories was fairly similar between known age<br />
individuals (30.8%) and estimated age individuals (37.1%).<br />
Cause of Death<br />
Information on causes of death are insufficient; the cause of death was only provided for only 43<br />
(44.3%) of the 97 deaths occurring in the 1988-1994 period. Trauma was the single most common<br />
reported cause of death, being the cause of death in 18 (37.5%) of the 48 deaths listed in the<br />
studbook for which a cause was given. It is however usually the most easily diagnosed cause of<br />
death, and therefore may be relatively over-represented. Bacteria and fungi were implicated in a<br />
<strong>number</strong> of other deaths in which cause was reported.<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
Summary of Goura cristata Annual Report/Studbook Reproductive Data 1988 - 1994:<br />
88 89 90 91 92 93 94<br />
Nr institutions holding sp. 13 13 25 30 30 33 31<br />
Nr institutions breeding sp. 2 2 5 3 7 7 6<br />
% breeding/holding sp. 15 15 20 10 23 21 19<br />
Nr young born 4 5 10 4 15 13 10<br />
Nr young survived 30 days 3 2 8 3 7 4 6<br />
% young survived/born 75 40 80 75 33 31 60<br />
Nr breeding pairs 2 2 6 3 7 6 6<br />
Nr pairs with surviving young 2 2 6 3 6 3 5<br />
Avg. nr. young hatched/pair 1.7 2.5 1.7 1.3 1.9 2.2 1.7<br />
Avg. nr. young reared/pair<br />
with surviving young 1.5 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2<br />
The <strong>number</strong> of institutions involved in the <strong>EEP</strong> has generally increased, while the proportion of<br />
zoos breeding the species has remained somewhat stable. The <strong>number</strong> of young hatched per pair<br />
and the <strong>number</strong> that survived have been quite variable, but the average <strong>number</strong> of chicks reared per<br />
successful pair has remained relatively constant.<br />
Season of Births (See 2.2.7.2)<br />
It can be seen that hatchings occur year round, although in births for which the date is known a<br />
trend towards late spring/early summer (May-July) is apparent, particularly between 1988-1994,<br />
during which 43.1% of the births occurred in this 3 month period. During the 3 month "summer'<br />
period of June-August 37.9% of the chicks hatched. More chicks (63.8%) hatched during the 6<br />
month period May-October compared to the other six months of the year.<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
RESULTS OF 1989-1994 GOURA CRISTATA MANAGEMENT QUESTIONNAIRES<br />
(Some information was collected only as of 1991)<br />
Zoos that responded for one or more years include: Alphen, Antwerp, Amsterdam, Antwerp,<br />
Barcelona, Best, Bojnice, Bochum, Budapest, Copenhagen, Doue-la-Fontaine, Gettorf, Hayle,<br />
Liberec, Mulhouse, O Rosal, Overpelt, Prague, Rotterdam, St. Andre de Sangonis, St. Oedenrode,<br />
Timmaspe, Upie, Pisa, Villar les Dombes, Walsrode, Weert, Wuppertal.<br />
89 90 91 92 93 94 Tot<br />
Nr zoos responding 12 12 9 17 12 17 79<br />
(Not all zoos answered all questions)<br />
Pair information<br />
Nr pairs/groups 13 13 9 16 16 18 85<br />
incl. 2 egg-laying && 1992, 1994<br />
Total 91-94 59<br />
Nr pairs courting 10 10 7 11 11 11 60<br />
Total 91-94 40<br />
Nr pairs copulating - - 4 9 8 7 28<br />
Nr pairs with eggs 9 7 7 12 10 12 57<br />
Total 91-94 41<br />
Nr pairs hatching young - - 4 4 7 6 21<br />
Nr pairs rear young >30 days - - 4 2 3 5 14<br />
Egg and young information 89 90 91 92 93 94 Tot<br />
Nr eggs produced (total) 26 23 35 67 56 43 250<br />
Nr eggs known fertile 17 15 13 22 32 15 114<br />
% fertile/produced 65 65 37 33 57 35 46<br />
Nr eggs infertile 6 4 5 28 17 22 82<br />
% infertile/produced 23 17 14 42 30 51 33<br />
Nr eggs fertility unk. 3 4 17 17 7 6 54<br />
% unknown/produced 12 17 48 25 13 14 21<br />
Nr eggs broken 6 4 15 20 17 13 75<br />
% broken/produced 23 17 43 30 30 10 30<br />
Nr eggs parent inc. - - 35 67 26 32 160<br />
Nr eggs parent hatched - - 5 15 9 10 39<br />
% parent hatched/inc. - - 14 22 35 31 24<br />
Nr chicks parent reared - - 3 5 4 5 17<br />
% parent reared/hatched - - 60 33 44 50 44<br />
Nr eggs other inc. - - 0 0 14 23 37<br />
% other hatched/inc. - - 0 0 0 0 0<br />
An average of 2.9 eggs per year were produced by all the pairs included in the survey during the six<br />
year period, while an average of 4.9 eggs were annually produced by egg-laying pairs. Of all 250<br />
eggs laid only 15.6% hatched and only 6.8% of all eggs resulted in chicks reared. All successful<br />
incubation and rearing was by the parents rather than by artificial techniques. On<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
the average almost one-third of all eggs were broken, and at least a third were infertile.<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI<br />
2.3.1 - 2.3.9<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.1 HISTORICAL GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI STUDB. POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location ARKS<br />
Prog. Death date Identific. Fc Subspec.<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
5901 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1959 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 25 Jul 1961 0.000 sclateri<br />
10 Feb 1960 Trade ANTWERP 3642A<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
5902 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1959 Purchase ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Jul 1961 0.000<br />
10 Feb 1960 Trade ANTWERP 3642B<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
5903 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1959 Trade ROTTERDAM 3642C<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 18 Oct 1965 0.000<br />
10 Feb 1960 Trade<br />
5904 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1959 Purchase ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 10 Apr 1969 0.000<br />
10 Feb 1960 Trade ANTWERP 3642D<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
6101 F WILD WILD 22 Oct 1961 Trade FRANKFURT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1984 (R)6544+YL 0.000 sclateri<br />
27 Jul 1982 Trade ZÜRICH 0107 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
6601 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1966 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Jan 1975 0.000 sclateri<br />
6602 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1966 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Jan 1975 0.000 sclateri<br />
6701 F 6602 6601 27 Jul 1967 ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 18 Oct 1981 0.000 sclateri<br />
6801 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1968 Trade FRANKFURT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 subsp<br />
31 Dec 1968 Trade BERLIN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
6802 M 6602 6601 3 Apr 1968 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 Dec 1982 (R)L028GREEN 0.000<br />
6901 F UNKN UNKN 15 Jan 1969 Trade ANTWERP 6265A<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 25 May 1969 0.000<br />
6902 F UNKN UNKN 15 Jan 1969 Trade ANWERP 6256B<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 20 Mar 1970 0.000<br />
7101 ? UNKN 6701 12 Jan 1971 ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1971 0.000<br />
7201 M WILD WILD 8 Feb 1972 Trade BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 26 Jun 1986 (R)TP841 L 0.000 sclateri<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
7202 F WILD WILD 8 Feb 1972 Trade BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 13 Jun 1989 (R)TP839 R 0.000 sclateri<br />
17 Jul 1986 Loan ZÜRICH 0116<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
30 Sep 1988 Loan Rt BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7203 M 6602 6601 5 Jun 1972 Hatching ROTTERDAM 401118<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 30 Nov 1989 (R)L036 L 0.000 sclateri<br />
26 May 1989 Unknown WEERT <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7204 ? UNKN 6701 12 Aug 1972 ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 Aug 1972 0.000 sclateri<br />
7301 ? UNKN 6701 12 Jun 1973 ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1973? 0.000 sclateri<br />
7401 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1974 Trade KUALA LUMPUR<br />
27 Apr 1981 0.000 sclateri<br />
22 Jan 1975 Trade ZÜRICH 0101<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7402 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1974 Trade KUALA LUJPUR<br />
27 Apr 1981 0.000 sclateri<br />
22 Jan 1975 Trade ZÜRICH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7403 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1974 Trade KUALA LUMPUR<br />
2 Jun 1978 0.000 sclateri<br />
22 Jan 1975 Trade ZÜRICH 0103<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7404 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1974 Trade KUALA LUMPUR<br />
31 Dec 1979? 0.000<br />
22 Jan 1975 Trade ZÜRICH 0104<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7802 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1987 Unknown AGRATE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
1 Jul 1989 Unknown MULHOUSE 890077<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7803 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1978 Unknown SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
7901 ? 7201 7202 18 Jul 1979 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Jul 1979 0.000 sclateri<br />
7902 M 7201 7202 3 Sep 1979 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 24 Nov 1985 (R)794 0.000 sclateri<br />
5 Feb 1981 Trade ZÜRICH 0105 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8001 ? 7201 7202 17 Feb 1980 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
8002 M 7201 7202 29 Mar 1980 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 6 Dec 1983 (R)TP 014 R 0.000 sclateri<br />
5 Feb 1981 Loan ZÜRICH 0106<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
10 Aug 1982 Loan MULHOUSE<br />
8003 F UNKN UNKN 31 Jul 1980 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 Dec 1981 0.000 sclateri<br />
15 Aug 1980 Trade ROTTERDAM <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8004 M UNKN UNKN 31 Jul 1980 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 30 Oct 1980 0.000 sclateri<br />
15 Aug 1980 Loan ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8005 ? 7201 7202 8 Oct 1980 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 10 Oct 1980 0.000 sclateri<br />
2.3.1 HISTORICAL GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI STUDB. POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location ARKS<br />
Prog. Death date Identific. Fc Subspec.<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8008 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1980 Hatching ZÜRICH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? Jan 1980 0.000 sclateri<br />
8101 ? 7201 7202 5 Jan 1981 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 12 Jan 1981 0.000 sclateri<br />
8102 ? 7201 7202 6 May 1981 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 8 May 1981 0.000 sclateri<br />
8103 M 6802 8003 31 Aug 1981 Hatching ROTTERDAM 401119<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1990 0.000 sclateri<br />
26 May 1989 Unknown WEERT <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8104 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1981 Hatching ROME-PRIVATE<br />
18 Nov 1988 0.000<br />
? Jan 1987 Trade AGRATE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8108 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1981 Unknown SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8110 F UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1981 Hatching AGRATE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 1 Jul 1990 (R)26 ZM 0.000<br />
1 Jul 1989 Unknown MULHOUSE 890078<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8201 M 7201 7202 26 Mar 1982 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 11 Dec 1994 (R)6545+R R 0.000 sclateri<br />
11 Aug 1982 Trade ZÜRICH 0108<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
30 Sep 1989 Unknown BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
26 Mar 1990 Loan SCHMIDING<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8202 F 6802 UNKN 12 Jul 1982 Hatching ROTTERDAM 401120<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)L056R 0.000 sclateri<br />
8203 M 7201 7202 31 Oct 1980 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)5493 0.000 sclateri<br />
13 Sep 1983 Trade MULHOUSE 830063<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8204 F 7902 6101 23 Nov 1982 Hatching ZÜRICH 0109<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 22 Mar 1989 (R)6681+Y R. 0.000 sclateri<br />
10 Jul 1986 Loan BASEL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8205 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1982 Hatching ROME-PRIVATE<br />
20 Apr 1987 0.000<br />
? Jan 1987 Trade AGRATE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8301 M 7902 6101 21 Jun 1983 Hatching ZÜRICH 0110<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 21 Jun 1983 0.000 sclateri<br />
8302 F 7902 6101 20 Aug 1983 Hatching ZÜRICH 0111<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Jan 1985 (R)6706+REDL 0.000 sclateri<br />
20 Sep 1983 Trade BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
4 Jul 1984 Loan MULHOUSE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8303 F 7201 7202 29 Sep 1983 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 24 Jan 1984 0.000 sclateri<br />
8401 M 7201 7202 14 Mar 1984 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 23 Jul 1984 (R)60198 0.000 sclateri<br />
13 Jul 1984 Loan BASEL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8402 F 7902 6101 15 Mar 1984 Hatching ZÜRICH 0112<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 16 Mar 1984 0.000 sclateri<br />
8403 M WILD WILD 31 Oct 1984 Trade ROTTERDAM 401121<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)L143 L 0.000 sclateri<br />
8404 M 7902 8204 28 Nov 1984 Hatching ZÜRICH 0113<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 1 Dec 1984 0.250 sclateri<br />
8405 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1984 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1988 (R)B7465/BL. 0.000 sclateri<br />
7 Jun 1988 Unknown WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8406 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1984 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8191 0.000 sclateri<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8407 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1984 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1988 (R)B8120/YEL 0.000 sclateri<br />
8408 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1984 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8079 0.000 sclateri<br />
8409 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1984 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1989 (R)7230/BLA. 0.000 sclateri<br />
8410 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1984 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8190 0.000 sclateri<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8501 M 7902 8204 25 May 1985 Hatching ZÜRICH 0114<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 30 May 1985 0.250 sclateri<br />
8502 M 7902 8204 2 Nov 1985 Hatching ZÜRICH 0115<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 6 Nov 1985 0.250 sclateri<br />
8503 M 7201 7202 11 Feb 1985 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 13 Jan 1990 (R)60242 0.000 sclateri<br />
9 May 1985 Loan BASEL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8504 ? 7201 7202 21 Dec 1985 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 22 Dec 1985 0.000 sclateri<br />
8505 F 8406 8405 31 Dec 1985 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7465 0.000 sclateri<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8506 M 8406 8405 31 Dec 1985 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8039 0.000 sclateri<br />
8507 M 8410 UNKN 31 Dec 1985 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8068 0.000 sclateri<br />
20 Jan 1994 Unknown WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
2.3.1 HISTORICAL GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI STUDB. POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
───────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location ARKS<br />
Prog. Death date Identific. Fc Subspec.<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8508 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8509 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
8510 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
8511 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8512 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1987 Unknown O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8513 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1987 Unknown O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8601 ? 7201 7202 3 Mar 1986 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 6 Mar 1986 0.000 sclateri<br />
8602 ? 7201 7202 22 Apr 1986 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 23 Apr 1986 0.000 sclateri<br />
8603 ? 7201 7202 9 Jun 1986 Hatching BERNE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 9 Jun 1986 0.000 sclateri<br />
8604 F 8403 8202 15 May 1988 Hatching ROTTERDAM 401122<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)L015R 0.000<br />
2 May 1990 Unknown WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8605 ? 8403 8202 18 Sep 1988 Hatching ROTTERDAM 401123<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 Oct 1988 0.000 sclateri<br />
8606 ? 8403 8202 19 Jun 1989 Hatching ROTTERDAM 401665<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 20 Jun 1989 0.000 sclateri<br />
8607 F 8403 8202 3 Aug 1989 Hatching ROTTERDAM 401773<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8519 0.000 sclateri<br />
18 Oct 1991 Loan WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8704 M UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1987 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8712 F WILD WILD 4 Dec 1988 Unknown LISBOA 2783<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 30 Jan 1992 0.000<br />
8801 M WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Loan BARCELONA 2691<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)SIN ANIL. 0.000<br />
8804 F 8410 8505 3 Nov 1987 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7483 0.000 sclateri<br />
8901 ? 8508 8509 ? ? 1989 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8909 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1989 Hatching ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1989 0.000<br />
8910 F UNKN UNKN 1 Mar 1988 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1989 0.000<br />
1 Mar 1989 Purchase ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9001 M WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9003 M WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)11 RE 0.000<br />
9004 M WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 14 Jan 1991 (R)10 RE 0.000<br />
9005 F 8403 8202 17 Jun 1990 Hatching ROTTERDAM 402081<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)R 1470 0.000 sclateri<br />
24 Jul 1991 Loan ST. OEDENRODE <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9006 ? 8403 8202 24 Oct 1990 Hatching ROTTERDAM 402207<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 27 Oct 1990 0.000 sclateri<br />
9007 ? 9003 8604 4 Sep 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 5 Sep 1990 0.000<br />
9008 ? UNKN UNKN 29 Nov 1990 Unknown BERLIN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9009 ? UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1990 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1991 0.000<br />
9010 M UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1990 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9011 F UNKN 8604 ? ? 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Jul 1991 Purchase ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9012 M 8410 8505 1 Aug 1991 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7349 0.000 sclateri<br />
10 Aug 1993 Donation WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
3 Feb 1994 Purchase COPENHAGEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9013 ? 8510 8511 ? ? 1990 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9015 F UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1990 Purchase PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9017 M 8512 8513 26 May 1990 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1991 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9018 F 8510 8511 ? ? 1990 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1991 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9101 M WILD WILD 1 Jul 1991 Unknown GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
2.3.1 HISTORICAL GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI STUDB. POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location ARKS<br />
Prog. Death date Identific. Fc Subspec.<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
9102 F WILD WILD 1 Jul 1991 Unknown GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 25 Jun 1992 0.000<br />
9103 F 8410 8505 20 Oct 1991 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7573 0.000 sclateri<br />
20 Oct 1993 Donation WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9104 F 9003 8604 22 Sep 1991 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)780.041 0.000<br />
15 Oct 1993 Trade GOCH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9105 ? 8403 8202 21 Apr 1991 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 21 Apr 1991 0.000 sclateri<br />
9106 ? 8403 8202 12 Jun 1991 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 12 Jun 1991 0.000 sclateri<br />
9107 M 8403 8202 23 Jul 1991 Hatching ROTTERDAM 402497<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)L 297 l 0.000 sclateri<br />
15 Jul 1993 Loan SCHMIDING <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9108 M 8403 8202 23 Jan 1992 Hatching ROTTERDAM 402685<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)DB92-125 0.000 sclateri<br />
30 Jun 1993 Loan ST. OEDENRODE <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9109 ? 9010 UNKN 7 Jun 1991 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1991 0.000<br />
9113 ? 8512 8513 26 May 1991 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1994 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
? Jan 1994 Unknown LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9118 M UNKN UNKN 8 Apr 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9119 ? UNKN UNKN 9 Apr 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9120 ? UNKN UNKN 8 Apr 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 8 Oct 1993 0.000<br />
9201 F 8403 8202 2 Jun 1992 Hatching ROTTERDAM 402853<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 3 Apr 1993 (R)DB92-124 0.000 sclateri<br />
9202 ? 8403 8202 22 Sep 1992 Hatching ROTTERDAM 403019<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 23 Sep 1992 0.000 sclateri<br />
9203 F 8403 8202 5 Nov 1992 Hatching ROTTERDAM 403068<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)DB92-123 0.000 sclateri<br />
9205 F 9003 8604 ? Jun 1992 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)92-780-48 0.000<br />
9210 F 8408 8607 15 Sep 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8966 0.000 sclateri<br />
20 Jan 1994 Unknown WALSRODE/M <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9211 F 8406 8804 1 Sep 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7569 0.125 sclateri<br />
10 Aug 1993 Donation WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
3 Feb 1994 Purchase COPENHAGEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9212 F 8410 8505 18 Sep 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7567 0.000 sclateri<br />
10 Aug 1993 Donation WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9303 ? 8512 8513 2 Mar 1993 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 9 Mar 1993 0.000<br />
9304 F 8403 8202 28 Jun 1993 Hatching ROTTERDAM 403342<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)DB93-326 0.000 sclateri<br />
9305 ? 8403 8202 17 Nov 1993 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Dec 1993 0.000 sclateri<br />
9306 ? 8403 8202 11 May 1993 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 May 1993 0.000 sclateri<br />
9307 F 8406 8804 27 Jul 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)OR150001 0.125 sclateri<br />
9308 ? 8408 8607 15 Aug 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 1 Aug 1994 (R)B 8329 0.000 sclateri<br />
9309 F 8410 8505 17 Aug 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)OR150002 0.000 sclateri<br />
9310 M 8410 8505 27 Oct 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)OR50003 0.000 sclateri<br />
9311 ? 8512 8513 1 Sep 1993 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AO3066S 0.000<br />
? Jan 1994 Unknown LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9313 ? 9017 9018 ? Jan 1993 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)1625 93 0.000<br />
9314 ? UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1993 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9401 F 8403 8202 7 Feb 1994 Hatching ROTTERDAM 403555<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)DB94-290 0.000 sclateri<br />
9402 M 8403 8202 27 Jun 1994 Hatching ROTTERDAM 403822<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
9403 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9404 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)S 1347 94 0.000<br />
9405 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)1331 0.000<br />
2.3.1 HISTORICAL GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI STUDB. POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location ARKS<br />
Prog. Death date Identific. Fc Subspec.<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
9406 ? 8410 8505 4 Jun 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)OR150045 0.000 sclateri<br />
9407 ? 8410 8505 26 Sep 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
9408 F 8408 8607 11 Mar 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
9409 M 8408 8607 13 Sep 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)7525 0.000 sclateri<br />
9410 ? 8508 8511 23 Oct 1994 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9411 M 8403 8202 1 Nov 1994 Hatching ROTTERDAM 403965<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
9416 ? UNKN 9205 16 Apr 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)088 0.000<br />
9417 ? UNKN 9205 6 Sep 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)091 0.000<br />
==================================================================<br />
=============================================<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.2 CURRENT GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Identification FC Subspec.<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
BARCELONA, Spain (Census: 1.0.0)<br />
8801 M WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Loan BARCELONA<br />
2691 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)SIN ANILLA 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BERLIN/ZOO , Germany (Census: 0.1.1)<br />
6801 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1968 Trade FRANKFURT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
31 Dec 1968 Trade BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9008 ? UNKN UNKN 29 Nov 1990 Unknown BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BOJNICE, Slovakia (Census: 1.0.1)<br />
9118 M UNKN UNKN 8 Apr 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9119 ? UNKN UNKN 9 Apr 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
COPENHAGEN, Denmark (Cesus: 1.1.0)<br />
9012 M 8410 8505 1 Aug 1991 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
ORNF3'90 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7349 0.000 sclateri<br />
10 Aug 1993 Donation WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
3 Feb 1994 Purchase COPENHAGEN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9211 F 8406 8804 1 Sep 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7569 0.125 sclateri<br />
10 Aug 1993 Donation WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
3 Feb 1994 Purchase COPENHAGEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
GETTORF, Germany (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9101 M WILD WILD 1 Jul 1991 Unknown GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9203 F 8403 8202 5 Nov 1992 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
403068 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)DB 92-123 0.000 sclateri<br />
29 Jul 1993 Loan GETTORF <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
JEREZ DL FRONT, Spain (Census: 1.1.3)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9017 M 8512 8513 26 May 1990 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1991 Unknown JEREZ <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9018 F 8510 8511 ? ? 1990 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1991 Unknown JEREZ <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9313 ? 9017 9018 ? Jan 1993 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)1625 93 (9214) 0.000<br />
9403 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9404 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)S 1347 94 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
LOUROSA, Portugal (Census: 1.1.5)<br />
8508 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8511 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8901 ? 8508 8509 ? ? 1989 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9013 ? 8510 8511 ? ? 1990 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9113 ? 8512 8513 26 May 1991 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1994 Unknown JEREZ <strong>EEP</strong><br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
? Jan 1994 Unknown LOUROSA<br />
9311 ? 8512 8513 1 Sep 1993 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AO 3066 S 10311 0.000<br />
? Jan 1994 Unknown LOUROSA <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9410 ? 8508 8511 23 Oct 1994 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................MULHOUSE, France<br />
(Census: 1.1.0)<br />
7802 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1987 Unknown AGRATE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
1 Jul 1989 Unknown MULHOUSE 890077 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)25<br />
ZM 89 LEFT<br />
8203 M 7201 7202 31 Oct 1980 Hatching BERNE 111<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)5493 0.000 sclateri<br />
13 Sep 1983 Trade MULHOUSE 830063 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
O ROSAL, Spain (Census: 1.1.1)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8512 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1987 Unknown O ROSAL <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8513 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1985 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1987 Unknown O ROSAL <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9405 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1994 Hatching O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)1331 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
2.3.2 CURRENT GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Identification FC Subspec.<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
PISA, Italy (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9010 M UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1990 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9015 F UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1990 Purchase PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
ROTTERDAM, The Netherlands (Census: 3.3.0)<br />
8202 F 6802 UNKN 12 Jul 1982 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401120 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L056+REDBRW R 0.000 sclateri<br />
8403 M WILD WILD 31 Oct 1984 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
401121 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L143 L 0.000 sclateri<br />
9304 F 8403 8202 28 Jun 1993 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
403342 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)DB93-326 R 0.000 sclateri<br />
9401 F 8403 8202 7 Feb 1994 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
403555 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)DB94-290 R 0.000 sclateri<br />
9402 M 8403 8202 27 Jun 1994 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
403822 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
9411 M 8403 8202 1 Nov 1994 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
403965 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
SCHMIDING, Austria (Census: 1.2.0)<br />
7803 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1978 Unknown SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8108 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1981 Unknown SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9107 M 8403 8202 23 Jul 1991 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
402497 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L 297 l 0.000 sclateri<br />
15 Jul 1993 Loan SCHMIDING <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
ST. OEDENRODE, The Netherlands (Census: 2.2.0)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9001 M WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9005 F 8403 8202 17 Jun 1990 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
402081 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)R 1470 0.000 sclateri<br />
24 Jul 1991 Loan ST. OEDENRODE <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9011 F UNKN 8604 ? ? 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Jul 1991 Purchase ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9108 M 8403 8202 23 Jan 1992 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
402685 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)DB92-125 L 0.000 sclateri<br />
30 Jun 1993 Loan ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
WALSRODE/M, Spain (Census: 4.5.2)<br />
8406 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1984 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8191 0.000 sclateri<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8410 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1984 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8190 0.000 sclateri<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8505 F 8406 8405 31 Dec 1985 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7465 0.000 sclateri<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8507 M 8410 UNKN 31 Dec 1985 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8068 0.000 sclateri<br />
20 Jan 1994 Unknown WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8804 F 8410 8505 3 Nov 1987 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
ORNISF3'88 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7483 0.000 sclateri<br />
31 Dec 1988 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9210 F 8408 8607 15 Sep 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8966 0.000 sclateri<br />
20 Jan 1994 Unknown WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9307 F 8406 8804 27 Jul 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150001 0.125 sclateri<br />
9309 F 8410 8505 17 Aug 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150002 0.000 sclateri<br />
9310 M 8410 8505 27 Oct 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150003 0.000 sclateri<br />
9406 ? 8410 8505 4 Jun 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150045 0.000 sclateri<br />
9407 ? 8410 8505 26 Sep 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
2.3.2 CURRENT GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Identification FC Subspec.<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
WALSRODE/V, Germany (Census: 3.4.0)<br />
8408 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1984 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8079 0.000 sclateri<br />
8506 M 8406 8405 31 Dec 1985 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8039 0.000 sclateri<br />
31 Dec 1985 Hatching WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8607 F 8403 8202 3 Aug 1989 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401773 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8519 0.000 sclateri<br />
18 Oct 1991 Loan WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9103 F 8410 8505 20 Oct 1991 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7573 0.000 sclateri<br />
20 Oct 1993 Donation WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9212 F 8410 8505 18 Sep 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 7567 0.000 sclateri<br />
10 Aug 1993 Donation WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9408 F 8408 8607 11 Mar 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000 sclateri<br />
9409 M 8408 8607 13 Sep 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)7525 0.000 sclateri<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
WEERT, The Netherlands (Census: 1.2.3)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8604 F 8403 8202 15 May 1988 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401122 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L015 R 0.000 sclateri<br />
2 May 1990 Unknown WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9003 M WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)11 RE 0.000<br />
9205 F 9003 8604 ? Jun 1992 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)92-780-48 0.000<br />
9415 ? 9003 8604 18 Jun 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)092 0.000<br />
9416 ? UNKN 9205 16 Apr 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)088 0.000<br />
9417 ? UNKN 9205 6 Sep 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)091 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.3 FOUNDER REPRESENTATION OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI AS OF DEC. 1994<br />
2.3.4 AGE DISTRIBUTION OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI AS OF DECEMBER 1994<br />
2.3.5 BIRTHS, DEATHS AND IMPORTS OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI 1988 - 1994<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.6.1 DEATHS OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Death date Sex Sire# Dam# Site of birth Birth<br />
date Last site Identif. Fc Subsp.<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Deaths during: 1988 (Subtotal: 1.1.2)<br />
8605 15 Oct 1988 Unk. sex 8403 8202 ROTTERDAM 18<br />
Sep 1988 ROTTERDAM 0.000 sclateri<br />
8104 18 Nov 1988 Unk. sex UNKN UNKN ROME-PRIVATE ? ?<br />
1981 AGRATE 0.000 8405 ? ? 1988<br />
Female WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1984 WALSRODE/M<br />
(R)B 7465 0.000 sclateri<br />
8407 ? ? 1988 Male WILD WILD WILD ? ?<br />
1984 WALSRODE/V (R)B8120/Y 0.000 sclateri<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1989 (Subtotal: 3.3.1)<br />
8909 ? ? 1989 Male UNKN UNKN LOUROSA ? ?<br />
1989 O ROSAL 0.000<br />
8910 ? ? 1989 Female UNKN UNKN LOUROSA 1<br />
Mar 1988 O ROSAL 0.000<br />
8204 22 Mar 1989 Female 7902 6101 ZÜRICH 23<br />
Nov 1982 BASEL (R)6681+Y.R 0.000 sclateri<br />
7202 13 Jun 1989 Female WILD WILD WILD ? ?<br />
1972 BERNE (R)TP839 R 0.000 sclateri<br />
8606 20 Jun 1989 Unk. sex 8403 8202 ROTTERDAM 19<br />
Jun 1989 ROTTERDAM 0.000 sclateri<br />
7203 30 Nov 1989 Male 6602 6601 ROTTERDAM 5<br />
Jun 1972 WEERT (R)L036 L 0.000 sclateri<br />
8409 31 Dec 1989 Male WILD WILD WILD ? ?<br />
1984 WALSRODE (R)7230/BL. 0.000 sclateri<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1990 (Subtotal: 2.1.2)<br />
8503 13 Jan 1990 Male 7201 7202 BERNE 11<br />
Feb 1985 BASEL (R)60242 0.000 sclateri<br />
8110 1 Jul 1990 Female UNKN UNKN AGRATE ?<br />
Jun 1981 MULHOUSE (R)26 ZM 0.000<br />
9007 5 Sep 1990 Unk. sex 9003 8604 WEERT 4<br />
Sep 1990 WEERT 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9006 27 Oct 1990 Unk. sex 8403 8202 ROTTERDAM 24<br />
Oct 1990 ROTTERDAM 0.000 sclateri<br />
8103 ? ? 1990 Male 6802 8003 ROTTERDAM 31<br />
Aug 1981 WEERT 0.000 sclateri<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1991 (Subtotal: 1.0.4)<br />
9004 14 Jan 1991 Male WILD WILD WILD ? ?<br />
1989 WEERT (R)10 RE 0.000<br />
9105 21 Apr 1991 Unk. sex 8403 8202 ROTTERDAM 21<br />
Apr 1991 ROTTERDAM 0.000 sclateri<br />
9109 ? ? 1991 Unk. sex 9010 UNKN PISA 7<br />
Jun 1991 PISA 0.000<br />
9106 12 Jun 1991 Unk. sex 8403 8202 ROTTERDAM 12<br />
Jun 1991 ROTTERDAM 0.000 sclateri<br />
9009 ? ? 1991 Unk. sex UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ? ?<br />
1990 PISA 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1992 (Subtotal: 0.2.1)<br />
8712 30 Jan 1992 Female WILD WILD WILD ? ?<br />
1988 LISBOA 0.000 9102 25 Jun 1992<br />
Female WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1990 GETTORF<br />
0.000 9202 23 Sep 1992 Unk. sex 8403<br />
8202 ROTTERDAM 22 Sep 1992 ROTTERDAM 0.000<br />
sclateri<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1993 (Subtotal: 1.2.3)<br />
8509 ? ? 1993 Female WILD WILD WILD ? ?<br />
1985 LOUROSA 0.000 8510 ? ? 1993<br />
Male WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1985 LOUROSA<br />
0.000 9303 9 Mar 1993 Unk. sex 8512<br />
8513 O ROSAL 2 Mar 1993 O ROSAL 0.000<br />
9201 3 Apr 1993 Female 8403 8202 ROTTERDAM<br />
2 Jun 1992 ROTTERDAM (R)DB92-124 0.000 sclateri<br />
9120 8 Oct 1993 Unk. sex UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ? ?<br />
1991 BOJNICE 0.000 9305 19 Dec 1993<br />
Unk. sex 8403 8202 ROTTERDAM 17 Nov 1993 ROTTERDAM<br />
0.000 sclateri<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
Deaths during: 1994 (Subtotal: 1.0.1)<br />
9308 1 Aug 1994 Unk. sex 8408 8607 WALSRODE/V 15<br />
Aug 1993 WALSRODE/V (R)B 8329 0.000 sclateri<br />
8201 11 Dec 1994 Male 7201 7202 BERNE 26<br />
Mar 1982 SCHMIDING (R)6545+R R 0.000 sclateri<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Total Deaths: 9.9.14<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.6.2 REPORTED DEATH CAUSES OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI THROUGH 1994<br />
────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Death date Last site PM report Primary cause(s) of death<br />
────────────────────────────────────────<br />
6101 ? ? 1984 Zurich trauma (impact with window)<br />
6602 19 Jan 1975 Rotterdam toxoplasmosis<br />
6701 18 Jan 1981 Rotterdam enteritis<br />
6802 15 Dec 1982 Rotterdam toxoplasmosis<br />
7202 13 Jun 1989 Berne trauma (injury by male?) kidney problem<br />
7203 30 Nov 1989 Weert pneumonia<br />
7401 22 Jan 1975 Zurich enteritis, hepatitis<br />
7402 22 Jan 1975 Zurich circulary problems<br />
7403 2 Jan 1986 Zurich splenitis, tapeworms<br />
7902 24 Nov 1985 Zurich T 75 85 Ho/k nephritis, gout<br />
8003 15 Dec 1981 Rotterdam toxoplasmosis<br />
8004 30 Oct 1981 Rotterdam yersiniosis<br />
8201 11 Dec 1994 Schmiding trauma<br />
8204 22 Mar 1989 Basel coliseptecemia, coccidiosis<br />
8301 21 Jun 1983 Zurich T 29 83 Ho/k trauma, injuries to head<br />
8303 24 Jan 1984 Berne trauma, broken wings<br />
8402 16 Mar 1984 Zurich V 296 84 Ho/k septicemia, gout<br />
8501 30 May 1985 Zurich T 37 85 Ho/k trichomoniasis<br />
8502 06 Nov 1985 Zurich T 70 85 Ho/k septicemia<br />
9007 05 Sep 1990 Weert trauma<br />
9009 ? ? 1991 Pisa hypothermia, age related 9102 25<br />
Jun 1992 Gettorf tumour on oviduct<br />
9120 8 Oct 1993 Bojnice myocardial infarct<br />
9201 03 Apr 1993 Rotterdam trauma (injury by exhibit mate)<br />
9305 19 Dec 1993 Rotterdam hypothermia<br />
9403 ? ? 1994 Jerez dl Front. trauma, killed by Viellot pheasant<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.6.3 SEASON OF DEATHS OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI<br />
1959 - 1987 (N = 38)<br />
1988 - 1994 (N = 24)<br />
1959 - 1994 (N = 62)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.7.1 BIRTHS OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Birth date Site of birth Sire# Dam#<br />
Identif. Fc Subspec. Death date Last site<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Births during: 1988 (Subtotal: 0.1.1)<br />
8910 Female 1 Mar 1988 LOUROSA UNKN UNKN<br />
0.000 ? ? 1989 ROSAL<br />
8605 Unk. sex 18 Sep 1988 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
0.000 sclateri 15 Oct 1988 ROTTERDAM<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................Births during: 1989<br />
(Subtotal: 1.1.2)<br />
8901 Unk. sex ? ? 1989 LOUROSA 8508 8509<br />
0.000 LOUROSA<br />
8909 Male ? ? 1989 LOUROSA UNKN UNKN<br />
0.000 ? ? 1989 ROSAL<br />
8606 Unk. sex 19 Jun 1989 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
0.000 sclateri 20 Jun 1989 ROTTERDAM<br />
8607 Female 3 Aug 1989 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202 (R)B<br />
8519 0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/V<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1990 (Subtotal: 1.3.3)<br />
9013 Unk. sex ? ? 1990 LOUROSA 8510 8511<br />
0.000 LOUROSA<br />
9018 Female ? ? 1990 LOUROSA 8510 8511<br />
0.000 JEREZ<br />
9017 Male 26 May 1990 O ROSAL 8512 8513<br />
0.000 JEREZ<br />
9011 Female ? ? 1990 WEERT UNKN 8604<br />
0.000 S.OEDENRODE<br />
9005 Female 17 Jun 1990 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202 (R)R<br />
1470 0.000 sclateri S.OEDENRODE<br />
9007 Unk. sex 4 Sep 1990 WEERT 9003 8604<br />
0.000 5 Sep 1990 WEERT<br />
9006 Unk. sex 24 Oct 1990 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
0.000 sclateri 27 Oct 1990 ROTTERDAM<br />
..................................................................<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1991 (Subtotal: 2.2.4)<br />
9105 Unk. sex 21 Apr 1991 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
0.000 sclateri 21 Apr 1991 ROTTERDAM<br />
9113 Unk. sex 26 May 1991 O ROSAL 8512 8513<br />
0.000 LOUROSA<br />
9109 Unk. sex 7 Jun 1991 PISA 9010 UNKN<br />
0.000 ? ? 1991 PISA<br />
9106 Unk. sex 12 Jun 1991 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
0.000 sclateri 12 Jun 1991 ROTTERDAM<br />
9107 Male 23 Jul 1991 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202 (R)L<br />
297 l 0.000 sclateri SCHMIDING<br />
9012 Male 1 Aug 1991 WALSRODE/M 8410 8505 (R)C<br />
7349 0.000 sclateri COPENHAGEN<br />
9104 Female 22 Sep 1991 WEERT 9003 8604<br />
(R)780.041 0.000 GOCH<br />
9103 Female 20 Oct 1991 WALSRODE/M 8410 8505 (R)B<br />
7573 0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/V<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1992 (Subtotal: 1.6.1)<br />
9108 Male 23 Jan 1992 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
(R)DB92-125 0.000 sclateri S.OEDENRODE<br />
9205 Female ? Jun 1992 WEERT 9003 8604<br />
(R)92-78048 0.000 WEERT<br />
9201 Female 2 Jun 1992 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
(R)DB92-124 0.000 sclateri 3 Apr 1993 ROTTERDAM<br />
9211 Female 1 Sep 1992 WALSRODE/M 8406 8804 (R)B<br />
7569 0.125 sclateri COPENHAGEN<br />
9210 Female 15 Sep 1992 WALSRODE/V 8408 8607 (R)B<br />
8966 0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/M<br />
9212 Female 18 Sep 1992 WALSRODE/M 8410 8505 (R)B<br />
7567 0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/V<br />
9202 Unk. sex 22 Sep 1992 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
0.000 sclateri 23 Sep 1992 ROTTERDAM<br />
9203 Female 5 Nov 1992 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
(R)DB92-123 0.000 sclateri GETTORF<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1993 (Subtotal: 1.3.5)<br />
9313 Unk. sex ? Jan 1993 JEREZ 9017 9018 (R)1625<br />
93 0.000 JEREZ<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9303 Unk. sex 2 Mar 1993 O ROSAL 8512 8513<br />
0.000 9 Mar 1993 O ROSAL<br />
9304 Female 28 Jun 1993 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
(R)DB93-326 0.000 sclateri ROTTERDAM<br />
9307 Female 27 Jul 1993 WALSRODE/M 8406 8804<br />
(R)OR150001 0.125 sclateri WALSRODE/M<br />
9308 Unk. sex 15 Aug 1993 WALSRODE/V 8408 8607 (R)B<br />
8329 0.000 sclateri 1 Aug 1994 WALSRODE/V<br />
9309 Female 17 Aug 1993 WALSRODE/M 8410 8505<br />
(R)OR150002 0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/M<br />
9311 Unk. sex 1 Sep 1993 O ROSAL 8512 8513<br />
(R)AO3066S 0.000 LOUROSA<br />
9310 Male 27 Oct 1993 WALSRODE/M 8410 8505<br />
(R)OR150003 0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/M<br />
9305 Unk. sex 17 Nov 1993 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
0.000 sclateri 19 Dec 1993 ROTTERDAM<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.7.1 BIRTHS OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Birth date Site of birth Sire# Dam#<br />
Identific. Fc Subspec. Death date Last site<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Births during: 1994 (Subtotal: 3.2.9)<br />
9403 Unk. sex ? ? 1994 JEREZ UNKN UNKN<br />
0.000 JEREZ<br />
9401 Female 7 Feb 1994 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202 (R)DB94-<br />
290 0.000 sclateri ROTTERDAM<br />
9408 Female 11 Mar 1994 WALSRODE/V 8408 8607<br />
0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/V<br />
9416 Unk. sex 16 Apr 1994 WEERT UNKN 9205 (R)088<br />
0.000 WEERT<br />
9406 Unk. sex 4 Jun 1994 WALSRODE/M 8410 8505<br />
(R)OR150045 0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/M<br />
9404 Unk. sex ? ? 1994 JEREZ UNKN UNKN (R)S1347<br />
94 0.000 JEREZ<br />
9415 Unk. sex 18 Jun 1994 WEERT 9003 8604 (R)092<br />
0.000 WEERT<br />
9402 Male 27 Jun 1994 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
0.000 sclateri ROTTERDAM<br />
9417 Unk. sex 6 Sep 1994 WEERT UNKN 9205 (R)091<br />
0.000 WEERT<br />
9405 Unk. sex ? ? 1994 O ROSAL UNKN UNKN (R)1331<br />
0.000 O ROSAL<br />
9409 Male 13 Sep 1994 WALSRODE/V 8408 8607 (R)7525<br />
0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/V<br />
9407 Unk. sex 26 Sep 1994 WALSRODE/M 8410 8505<br />
0.000 sclateri WALSRODE/M<br />
9410 Unk. sex 23 Oct 1994 LOUROSA 8508 8511<br />
0.000 LOUROSA<br />
9411 Male 1 Nov 1994 ROTTERDAM 8403 8202<br />
0.000 sclateri ROTTERDAM<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Total births: 9.18.25<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.7.2 SEASON OF BIRTHS OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI<br />
1959 - 1987 (N = 38)<br />
1988 - 1994 (N = 45)<br />
1959 - 1994 (N = 83)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.8 TRANSFERS OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
Date of transfer Stud# Old location New location<br />
dd mm yy<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
1988<br />
10 03 88 8801 Wild Barcelona<br />
07 06 88 8405 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
30 09 88 7202 Zurich Berne<br />
04 12 88 8712 Wild Lisboa<br />
1989<br />
01 01 89 8902 Wild Lourosa<br />
01 03 89 8910 Lourosa O Rosal<br />
26 05 89 7203 Rotterdam Weert<br />
26 05 89 8103 Rotterdam Weert<br />
01 07 89 7802 Agrate Conturbia Mulhouse<br />
01 07 89 8201 Agrate Conturbia Mulhouse<br />
30 09 89 8201 Zurich Berne<br />
1990<br />
26 03 90 8201 Berne Schmiding<br />
02 05 90 8604 Rotterdam Weert<br />
01 06 90 9015 Unknown Pisa<br />
07 06 90 9010 Unknown Pisa<br />
14 06 90 9001 Wild St. Oedenrode<br />
14 06 90 9003 Wild Weert<br />
14 06 90 9004 Wild Weert<br />
29 11 90 9008 Unknown Berlin/zoo<br />
1991<br />
01 01 91 9017 O Rosal Jerez dl Front<br />
01 01 91 9018 Lourosa Jeres dl Front<br />
08 04 91 9118 Unknown Bojnice<br />
08 04 91 9120 Unknown Bojnice<br />
09 04 91 9119 Unknown Bojnice<br />
01 07 91 9102 Wild Gettorf<br />
01 07 91 9101 Wild Gettorf<br />
01 07 91 9011 Weert St. Oedenrode<br />
24 07 91 9005 Rotterdam St. Oedenrode<br />
18 10 91 8607 Rotterdam Walsrode/v<br />
1992<br />
No Transfers<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.8 TRANSFERS OF GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
Date of transfer Stud# Old location New location<br />
dd mm yy<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
1993<br />
15 07 93 9107 Rotterdam Schmiding<br />
29 07 93 9203 Rotterdam Gettorf<br />
10 08 93 9211 Walsrode/m Walsrode/v<br />
10 08 93 9012 Walsrode/m Walsrode/v<br />
10 08 93 9212 Walsrode/m Walsrode/v<br />
15 10 93 9104 Weert Goch<br />
20 10 93 9103 Walsrode/m Walsrode/v<br />
1994<br />
01 01 94 9113 O Rosal Jerez dl Front<br />
01 01 94 9113 Jerez dl Front Lourosa<br />
01 01 94 9311 O Rosal Lourosa<br />
20 01 94 8507 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
20 01 94 8210 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
03 02 94 9012 Walsrode/v Copenhagen<br />
03 02 94 9211 Walsrode/v Copenhagen<br />
=======================================================================<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.3.9 SUMMARY OF SELECTED MANAGEMENT DATA FOR<br />
GOURA SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI 1988 - 1994<br />
Population Size and Genetic Data<br />
Current population: 23.26.16 (T=65) 31 December 1994<br />
Founders: 16<br />
Live founders: 9; % current population -13.8%<br />
Potential founders: 12 (5 wild caught and 7 of unknown origin)<br />
Potential founders as % current pop.: 18.5%<br />
Transfers, Imports and Exports (See 2.3.5)<br />
There were 4 transfers made in 1988, 7 in 1989, 8 in 1990, 10 in 1991, 0 in 1992, 7 in 1993 and 7 in<br />
1994. There were 15 Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s imported into the <strong>EEP</strong> population between<br />
1988-1994. No individuals were exported from the <strong>EEP</strong> population.<br />
Age Distribution (See 2.3.4)<br />
The age of 31 (44.9%) individuals in the current population as of 31 December 1994 was unknown<br />
or estimated. As would be expected, birds of known age are generally younger birds bred in<br />
captivity. Of the 38 birds of known age 36 were 8 years of age or younger as of 31 December 1994.<br />
Actual age of birds with unknown or estimated ages could be much higher in many cases than the<br />
age group in which they are delegated, as methods of capturing crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s (e.g. netting them<br />
at communal drinking locations) would favour capture of adult/self feeding individuals of any<br />
possible age.<br />
The <strong>number</strong> of individuals of unknown sex is distributed equally between males and females in<br />
Figure 2.3.4.<br />
Sex Ratio<br />
The sex ratio of males to females was almost equal on 31 December 1994 at 1.0:1.1. Sex of sixteen<br />
(24.6%) of the birds has not been reported. All individuals should be sexed as rapidly as possible,<br />
and techniques for sexing birds are discussed in the research and management section of this<br />
studbook.<br />
Founder Representation (See 2.3.3) and Inbreeding<br />
The two "pseudo founders" constituted 29.3% of the founder representation as of 31 December<br />
1994, meaning that 29.3% of the genes in the captive bred group were of unknown origin. Founder<br />
representation of each of the 16 known individuals was quite unequal (see graph). Unfortunately<br />
some of the less-represented founders are dead, while many of the relatively over-represented<br />
founders are still alive.<br />
The danger of even greater over- representation of the three most represented founders from<br />
Rotterdam (8403) and Walsrode (8410 and 8406) is high, as all of these birds are still reproducing.<br />
Two birds in the current population as of 31 December 1994 had a inbreeding coefficient<br />
of 0.125.<br />
Special attention should be given to breeding of the twelve potential founders, and to breeding of<br />
the under-represented founders and/or their offspring as possible. Reproduction of the three above<br />
mentioned relatively over-represented founders should be checked.<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
Number of Births and Deaths (See 2.3.4)<br />
The <strong>number</strong> of deaths was the same as the <strong>number</strong> of births in 1988 and was higher than the <strong>number</strong><br />
of births in 1989, but since that time has been exceeded by the <strong>number</strong> of births.<br />
Season of Death (See 2.3.6.3)<br />
Deaths in the studbook population between 1959-1994 for which the date is known have been<br />
lowest in the months of February, August and September. The <strong>number</strong> of deaths per month between<br />
1988-1994 was fairly evenly distributed, still a low (0 deaths) in February and a high (4 deaths) in<br />
June occurred.<br />
Age of Individuals at Death During the Period 1988-1994:<br />
Age 0-30d 30d-1y 1 + -5y 5 + -10y 10 + -15y 15 + -20y 20 + y Tot<br />
Est. 0 2 8 5 0 1 0 16<br />
Kn. 8 3 1 2 1 1 0 16<br />
Total 8 5 9 7 1 2 0 32<br />
Est.= Estimated age, or minimum age, based on date of arrival.<br />
Kn.= Age Known<br />
Estimated ages are based on date of arrival, thus age at death for estimated ages could be higher.<br />
This is probably the case, as the mortality between 1 + -10 years for the estimated age category is<br />
quite high (81.3% of total) in comparison to the known age groups (18.8% of total). One fourth of<br />
the mortality has occurred in the first 30 days.<br />
Cause of Death:<br />
Information on causes of death are insufficient, cause of death was only provided for only 11<br />
(34.4%) of the 32 deaths occurring in the 1988-1994 period. The most common cause of death has<br />
been trauma; trauma was the cause listed in 8 (30.8%) of the 26 deaths listed in the studbook for<br />
which a cause was provided. As trauma is usually the most easily diagnosed cause of death, it may<br />
be relatively over-represented.<br />
Summary of Annual Report/Studbook Reproductive Data 1988-1994:<br />
88 89 90 91 92 93 94<br />
Nr institutions holding sp. 5 5 12 11 14 16 17<br />
Nr institutions breeding sp. 1 1 3 4 3 5 6<br />
% breeding/holding sp. 20 20 25 36 21 31 35<br />
Nr young born 2 2 4 6 6 10 11<br />
Nr young survived 30 days 1 1 2 3 5 7 11<br />
% young survived/born 50 50 50 50 83 70 100<br />
Nr breeding pairs 1 1 3 4 3 6 6<br />
Nr pairs with surviving young 1 1 2 3 3 4 6<br />
Avg. nr. young hatched/pair 2.0 2.0 1.3 1.5 2.0 1.7 1.8<br />
Avg. nr. young reared/pair<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
with surviving young 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.7 1.8 1.8<br />
The <strong>number</strong> of breeding pairs and the <strong>number</strong> of young hatched increased greatly during the 1988-<br />
1994 period, along with the <strong>number</strong> of institutions involved in the <strong>EEP</strong>. Survivorship of young<br />
generally also increased, as did the <strong>number</strong> of young reared per successful pair.<br />
Season of birth (See 2.3.7.2)<br />
Births have occurred in every month, but peaks in births for which the date is known occurred in<br />
June and September during the 1988-1994 period. A higher than average birth rate (38.1%) took<br />
place during the "summer" 3 month June-August period. Almost 60% of the births occurred during<br />
the 4 month period of June-September period, and 76% during the six month period May-October.<br />
RESULTS OF 1989-1994 GOURA SH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKERI MANAGEMENT QUESTIONNAIRES<br />
(Some information was collected only as of 1991)<br />
Responding zoos (for one or more years) included:<br />
Bojnice, Copenhagen, Gettorf, Jerez, Lourosa, Mulhouse, O Rosal, Pisa, Rotterdam, Walsrode,<br />
Weert.<br />
89 90 91 92 93 94 Tot<br />
Nr zoos responding 4 4 4 5 6 9 32<br />
Not all zoos answered all questions<br />
Pair information<br />
Nr pairs surveyed 4 4 4 5 8 12 37<br />
Total 91-94 29<br />
Nr pairs observed courting 2 3 3 4 5 7 24<br />
Total 91-94 19<br />
Nr pairs observed copulating - - 3 4 2 6 15<br />
Nr pairs with eggs 2 3 3 4 5 12 29<br />
Total 91-94 24<br />
Nr pairs hatching young 1 3 3 3 5 8 23<br />
Nr pairs rearing young 1 1 2 3 4 6 17<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
Egg and young information<br />
89 90 91 92 93 94 Tot<br />
Nr eggs produced (total) 4 9 11 12 10 27 73<br />
Nr eggs known fertile 2 6 9 9 9 16 51<br />
% fertile/produced 50 66 81 75 90 59 70<br />
Nr eggs infertile 2 3 0 3 0 7 15<br />
% infertile/produced 50 33 0 25 0 26 20<br />
Nr eggs fertility unknown 0 0 2 0 1 4 7<br />
% unknown/produced 0 0 18 0 10 15 10<br />
Nr eggs broken 1 1 4 2 0 3 11<br />
% broken/produced 25 17 36 17 0 11 15<br />
Nr eggs parent inc. 4 7 11 12 7 24 65<br />
Nr eggs parent hatched 2 3 6 5 6 12 34<br />
% parent hatched/inc. 50 43 55 42 86 50 52<br />
Nr chicks parent reared 1 1 3 4 3 11 23<br />
% Parent reared/hatched 50 33 50 80 50 92 68<br />
Nr eggs other inc. 0 2 0 0 3 3 8<br />
Nr eggs other hatch 0 2 0 0 3 2 7<br />
% other hatched/inc. 0 100 0 0 100 67 88<br />
Nr other reared 0 0 0 0 3 1 4<br />
% other reared/inc. 0 0 0 0 100 50 57<br />
An average of 2.0 eggs per year were produced by all the pairs included in the survey during the six<br />
year period, while an average of 2.5 eggs were annually produced by egg-laying pairs. Of all 73<br />
eggs laid only 56.2% hatched and 37.0% of all eggs resulted in chicks reared. Successful incubation<br />
and rearing was achieved both by the parents and artificial techniques. On the average 80% of the<br />
eggs were fertile, and 15% of all eggs were broken.<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
GOURA VICTORIA<br />
2.4.1 - 2.4.9<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.1 HISTORICAL GOURA VICTORIA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identific. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
3401 M WILD WILD 17 Jul 1934 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 2 Nov 1939 0.000<br />
3402 F WILD WILD 17 Jul 1934 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 18 May 1940 0.000<br />
4801 ? WILD WILD 28 Aug 1948 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 17 Nov 1951 0.000<br />
4802 ? WILD WILD 28 Aug 1948 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 10 Feb 1951 0.000<br />
5301 ? UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1953 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 8 Dec 1953 0.000<br />
? Jan 1953 Trade ANTWERP<br />
1750A <strong>EEP</strong><br />
5302 ? WILD WILD 8 May 1953 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Mar 1955 0.000<br />
5304 F WILD WILD 8 May 1953 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 30 Sep 1960 0.000<br />
5305 M WILD WILD 8 May 1953 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 Jan 1959 0.000<br />
5306 F WILD WILD 8 May 1953 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 13 Mar 1964 0.000<br />
6301 ? WILD WILD 10 Mar 1963 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 10 Mar 1963 0.000<br />
6302 ? WILD WILD 24 Mar 1963 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 24 Mar 1963 0.000<br />
6303 ? WILD WILD 24 Mar 1963 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 24 Mar 1963 0.000<br />
6304 F WILD WILD 31 Mar 1963 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 23 Mar 1963 0.000<br />
6305 F WILD WILD 31 Mar 1963 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 23 Mar 1966 0.000<br />
6601 M UNKN UNKN 4 Aug 1966 Trade KRAKON<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Apr 1967 0.000<br />
6602 F UNKN UNKN 4 Aug 1966 Trade KRAKON<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 14 Apr 1969 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
6901 M WILD WILD 10 Apr 1969 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
25 Mar 1977 Trade EINDHOVEN<br />
31 Dec 1985<br />
Trade WEERT <strong>EEP</strong><br />
6902 F WILD WILD 10 Apr 1969 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 21 Nov 1982 0.000<br />
6903 ? WILD WILD 10 Apr 1969 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1988 0.000<br />
18 Dec 1973 Trade MUNSTER <strong>EEP</strong><br />
6904 ? WILD WILD 10 Apr 1969 Trade AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1988 0.000<br />
18 Dec 1973 Trade MUNSTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7001 ? 6901 9602 7 Sep 1970 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 7 Sep 1970 0.000<br />
7002 F WILD WILD 23 Oct 1970 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
401130 <strong>EEP</strong> 21 Feb 1988 (R)L034 L 0.000<br />
7003 M WILD WILD 23 Oct 1970 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1983 (R)L035 R 0.000<br />
7101 M 6901 6902 ? Jun 1971 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B71003 <strong>EEP</strong> 4 Sep 1993 0.000<br />
7201 ? WILD WILD 17 Feb 1972 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 1 Mar 1972 0.000<br />
7202 F WILD WILD 17 Feb 1972 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
401131 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L220 L 0.000<br />
7203 ? UNKN UNKN 18 Feb 1972 Trade WASSENAAR<br />
7 Mar 1981 0.000<br />
7204 ? WILD WILD 17 Mar 1972 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 18 Feb 1982? 0.000<br />
10 Oct 1978 Trade EMMEN<br />
7205 ? 6901 6902 21 Aug 1972 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 22 Aug 1972 0.000<br />
7206 ? 6901 6902 3 Oct 1972 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 20 Oct 1972 0.000<br />
7301 M 6901 6902 21 Oct 1973 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? Jan 1980 0.000<br />
7401 F 7003 7002 3 Jan 1974 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Jan 1979 0.000<br />
2 Oct 1975 Trade ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7402 ? 6901 6902 11 May 1974 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 16 May 1974 0.000<br />
7403 ? 7003 7002 14 May 1974 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 14 May 1974 0.000<br />
7404 F WILD WILD 11 Oct 1974 Trade STUTTGART<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
V0226 <strong>EEP</strong> 20 Oct 1994 (R)W 0534 0.000<br />
6 Jul 1994 Trade HANNOVER K20 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7405 F WILD WILD 11 Oct 1974 Trade STUTTGART<br />
V0227 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
7406 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1974 Trade BERLIN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C-00 374 0.000<br />
2.4.1 HISTORICAL GOURA VICTORIA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identific. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
7407 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1974 Trade ARNHEM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
27 Jul 1983 Loan MIERLO <strong>EEP</strong><br />
3 Mar 1985<br />
Loan Rt. ARNHEM 52672 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7501 F 7003 7002 18 Jan 1975 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 14 Jan 1976 0.000<br />
2 Oct 1975 Trade ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7502 F 7003 7002 11 Jun 1975 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 17 Nov 1975 0.000<br />
2 Oct 1975 Trade ANTWERP<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7503 M UNKN UNKN 24 Jun 1975 Trade ANTWERP<br />
8006B <strong>EEP</strong> 14 Jan 1976 0.000<br />
7504 M UNKN UNKN 24 Jun 1975 Trade ANTWERP<br />
8006A <strong>EEP</strong> 13 Jan 1976 0.000<br />
7505 ? 7003 7002 23 Nov 1975 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Jul 1986 0.000<br />
27 Sep 1976 Donation DUBLIN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7506 M WILD WILD 7 Jun 1983 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 26 Jul 1993 (R)B 8194 0.000<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7601 M UNKN UNKN 23 Feb 1976 Trade WASSENAAR<br />
10 Dec 1987 (R)13768 0.000<br />
? Jan 1987 Trade PALMYRE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7602 F UNKN UNKN 23 Feb 1976 Trade WASSENAAR<br />
9 Jan 1993 (R)12536 0.000<br />
12 Jun 1987 Trade PALMYRE 370 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7603 ? UNKN UNKN 23 Feb 1976 Trade WASSENAAR<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
? ? 1986 (R)12542 0.000<br />
7604 ? UNKN UNKN 23 Feb 1976 Trade WASSENAAR<br />
29 Apr 1981 (R)12519 0.000<br />
9 Dec 1980 Trade ARNHEM<br />
50257 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7605 ? 7101 6902 7 Mar 1976 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 20 Mar 1976 0.250<br />
7606 ? 7003 7002 19 Mar 1976 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 24 Mar 1976 0.000<br />
7607 ? 7003 7002 18 Apr 1976 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 3 Jan 1979 0.000<br />
18 Sep 1976 Trade DUBLIN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7608 ? WILD WILD 1 Jul 1976 Trade VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 20 Mar 1989 0.000<br />
7609 F 7101 6902 8 Aug 1976 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B76010 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)ARTIS K 80 0.250<br />
7610 M 7003 7002 25 Oct 1976 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)K 297 R 0.000<br />
4 Dec 1990 Donation STUTTGART V0757 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7611 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1976 Purchase UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 28 Jan 1991 0.000<br />
7612 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1980 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 29 Apr 1981 0.000<br />
9 Dec 1980 Purchase ARNHEM 50258 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7701 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1977 Trade EINDHOVEN<br />
0.000<br />
2 May 1977 Trade EMMEN<br />
4 Jun 1984 Purchase ARNHEM 52065 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7702 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1977 Trade EINDHOVEN<br />
16 Jul 1990 (R)BLUE 0.000<br />
2 May 1977 Trade EMMEN<br />
4 Jun 1984 Trade ARNHEM 52066 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7703 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1977 Trade EINDHOVEN<br />
5 Sep 1991 (R)GREEN 0.000<br />
2 May 1977 Trade EMMEN<br />
4 Jun 1984<br />
Trade ARNHEM 52068 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7704 F WILD WILD 18 Jan 1977 Trade PALMYRE 368<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 6 Nov 1994 0.000<br />
7705 F 7003 7002 19 Mar 1977 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)L090 L/RED R 0.000<br />
29 Jul 1982 Loan COPENHAGEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9 Jan 1992 Loan EIJSDEN, PRIV. <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7706 ? 7101 6902 6 Jun 1977 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1990 (R)S 310 0.250<br />
4 Jan 1978 Trade MUNICH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7707 ? 7003 7002 31 Oct 1977 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Nov 1977 0.000<br />
7708 M 7003 7002 21 Dec 1977 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401127 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)LO87 R 0.000<br />
12 Jan 1993 Loan HANNOVER K<br />
19 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7709 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1977 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
(R)12084 0.000<br />
10 Feb 1986 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
401124 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7710 F UNKN UNKN 25 Mar 1976 Unknown MONTPELLIER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
18 Sep 1991 Trade UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
31 Oct 1992 Loan VILLARS-DOMBES <strong>EEP</strong><br />
2.4.1 HISTORICAL GOURA VICTORIA STUDBOOK<br />
POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identific. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
7711 F UNKN UNKN 25 Mar 1976 Unknown MONTPELLIER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? ? 1992 Hatching VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
30 Oct 1992 Loan UPIE <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7712 ? WILD WILD 31 Dec 1977 Trade MUNICH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1990 0.000<br />
7801 F 7003 7002 31 Jan 1978 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 9 Jan 1985 (R)ROOD 0.000<br />
10 Oct 1978 Trade EMMEN<br />
4 Jun 1981 Trade ARNHEM 52067 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7802 ? 7101 6902 17 Apr 1978 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? Jan 1981 0.250<br />
25 Oct 1978 Trade EMMEN<br />
7803 ? UNKN UNKN 18 Apr 1978 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
? ? 1989 0.000<br />
24 Mar 1983 Trade BOURTON/WATER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7804 ? 7003 7002 31 Oct 1978 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
13 May 1980 Trade HONGKONG<br />
7805 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1978 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
(R)13064 L 0.000<br />
10 Feb 1986 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
401125 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7901 F 7003 7002 7 Jan 1979 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1981 (R)L062+RED L 0.000<br />
30 Mar 1981 Loan UNKNOWN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7902 ? UNKN UNKN 2 Feb 1979 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
? ? 1989 (R)12800 0.000<br />
24 Mar 1983 Trade BOURTON/WATER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7903 F 7610 UNKN 28 Mar 1979 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)L050L/YELL.R 0.000<br />
23 Apr 1981 Trade WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7904 F 7003 7002 10 Jun 1979 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401126 <strong>EEP</strong> 18 Feb 1992 (R)L089 R 0.000<br />
7905 ? 7101 6902 12 Aug 1979 Hatcing AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1979? 0.250<br />
31 Oct 1979 Trade EMMEN<br />
7906 M UNKN UNKN 23 Aug 1979 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
? ? 1986 (R)13127 (?) 0.000<br />
7907 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1979 Trade MUNSTERLAND<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
31 Mar 1980 Trade STEINEN<br />
7908 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1979 Trade MUNSTERLAND<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
31 Mar 1980 Trade STEINEN<br />
7909 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1974 Trade BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C-00 990 0.000<br />
7910 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1979 Trade WASSENAAR<br />
14 Jan 1989 (R)13800 0.000<br />
? Jan 1987 Trade PALMYRE <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8001 F UNKN UNKN 14 Feb 1980 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 19 Jun 1981 0.000<br />
30 Mar 1981 Loan ARNHEM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8002 M 7003 7002 1 Apr 1980 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
15 May 1980 Trade HONGKONG<br />
8003 F 7003 7002 22 May 1980 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1984? 0.000<br />
17 Oct 1980 Trade AMERSFOORT<br />
8004 ? UNKN UNKN 31 May 1980 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 15 May 1981 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8005 ? UNKN UNKN 15 Jul 1980 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 26 Mar 1982 0.000<br />
8006 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1980 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8101 M UNKN UNKN 21 Feb 1981 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 1 Apr 1984 0.000<br />
15 Jul 1982 Trade NEW YORK BRONX<br />
11 Sep 1982 Loan ST. CATHERINE<br />
822482<br />
8102 F UNKN UNKN 24 Mar 1981 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Apr 1984 0.000<br />
15 Jul 1982 Trade NEW YORK BRONX<br />
11 Sep 1982 Loan ST. CATHERINE<br />
822483<br />
8103 M WILD WILD 23 Apr 1981 Unknown ROTTERDAM<br />
401129 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L050 L 0.000<br />
8 Nov 1993 Loan AMSTERDAM B93203 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8104 ? UNKN UNKN 23 Apr 1981 Trade HANNOVER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 29 Jun 1989 0.000<br />
8105 M 7003 7002 9 Jun 1981 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 6 Jan 1991 (R)L071R/RED L 0.000<br />
29 Jul 1982 Trade COPENHAGEN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8106 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1983 Unknown WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)7505/ORANGE 0.000<br />
2.4.1 HISTORICAL GOURA VICTORIA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location ARKS<br />
Program Death date Identific. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8107 F 7101 UNKN 14 Apr 1985 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B81004 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)19-012 0.000<br />
8108 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1981 Trade WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8109 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1981 Trade WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8110 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1981 Trade WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8201 F UNKN UNKN 17 Oct 1982 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1986? 0.000<br />
8202 ? 7805 7709 14 Dec 1982 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 31 Dec 1982 0.000<br />
8203 F WILD WILD 7 Jun 1983 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7143 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8204 F UNKN UNKN 26 Jan 1984 Unknown HAYLE S108<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORANGE LEFT 0.000<br />
8205 M UNKN UNKN 4 Mar 1982 Unknown HAYLE S065<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Feb 1985 0.000<br />
8210 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1982 Hatching PALMITOS PARK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8211 ? UNKN UNKN 24 Sep 1982 Hatching PALMITOS PARK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8301 M WILD WILD 27 Oct 1983 Loan VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)PARIS 84-93 0.000<br />
23 Oct 1991 Unknown UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8302 F WILD WILD 7 Jul 1983 Trade ARNHEM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
27 Jul 1983 Loan MIERLO/PRIV<br />
3 Sep 1985 Loan Rt. ARNHEM 51722 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
16 Feb 1993<br />
Donation RAMAT-GAN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8303 M 7101 7609 1 Apr 1983 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B83012 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)K 78 0.375<br />
8304 F 7101 7609 6 Sep 1983 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 10 Oct 1988 0.375<br />
9 Apr 1985 Trade WROCLAW<br />
8101 M 7101 7609 16 Jun 1984 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 14 Jun 1990 0.375<br />
9 Apr 1985 Trade WROCLAW<br />
8402 F 8108 7903 ? ? 1984 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)0964 0.000<br />
8404 F 8205 8204 1 Aug 1984 Hatching HAYLE S115<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 10 Jan 1990 (R)RED LEFT 0.000<br />
8405 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8406 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8407 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1989 Loan JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8408 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1989 Loan JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8409 ? WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1986 0.000<br />
8410 ? WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1986 0.000<br />
8501 F 7101 7609 25 May 1985 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
29 Apr 1986 Trade WALSRODE/V <strong>EEP</strong><br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
Trade WALSRODE/M <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8502 M 8108 7903 ? ? 1985 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)0963 0.000<br />
8506 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1985 Hatching PORAT<br />
12 Apr 1993 0.000<br />
26 Dec 1991 Purchase RAMAT-GAN<br />
910095 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
1 Apr 1993 Loan DUBLIN 93B024 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8601 F 7101 7609 5 Apr 1986 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
23 Sep 1986 Trade ARNHEM 53192 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8602 ? 7701 7407 27 Aug 1986 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
53165 <strong>EEP</strong> 3 Sep 1986 0.000<br />
8603 M 7101 7609 11 Nov 1986 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 21 Feb 1991 (R)L 259 0.375<br />
30 Jun 1987 Loan ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8604 M UNKN UNKN 19 May 1989 Unknown ARCEN<br />
401132 <strong>EEP</strong> 27 Dec 1990 (R)MO83 R 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =<br />
13 Nov 1986<br />
8605 F 6901 8402 31 Dec 1986 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)0322 0.000<br />
8606 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching PORAT<br />
0.000<br />
26 Dec 1991 Purchase RAMAT-GAN 910096 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
2.4.1 HISTORICAL GOURA VICTORIA STUDBOOK<br />
POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location ARKS<br />
Program Death date Identific. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8701 M 7805 7709 26 Jan 1987 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1989 (R)L215 L 0.000<br />
22 Apr 1988 Unknown ALPHEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8702 ? UNKN UNKN 24 Jul 1984 Unknown PALMYRE 369<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)BALE 65700 0.000<br />
8703 ? UNKN UNKN 12 Jun 1986 Unknown PALMYRE 371<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8704 ? WILD WILD 20 May 1988 Unknown BUDAPEST<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 24 Jan 1991 0.000<br />
8705 F 8303 8107 3 Oct 1987 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.219<br />
13 Apr 1988 Donation ALPHEN 2388<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8706 ? 7101 7609 8 Apr 1988 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 12 Apr 1988 0.375
8707 ? 7101 7609 2 Aug 1988 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1991 0.375<br />
28 Oct 1988 Donation ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
29 Oct 1989 Unknown ARCEN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8708 M 7101 7609 14 Oct 1989 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B89199 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
30 Dec 1989 Purchase ALPHEN 199<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8709 F WILD WILD 7 Jun 1985 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7063 0.000<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8710 F WILD WILD 7 Jun 1988 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7160 0.000<br />
13 Jul 1988 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8711 M WILD WILD 7 Jun 1989 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8678 0.000<br />
3 Aug 1990 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8712 M 7701 7407 30 Sep 1987 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
54340 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8713 ? 8712 8601 10 Oct 1989 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
54948 <strong>EEP</strong> 14 Oct 1989 (U)54948 0.000<br />
8714 ? 8712 8601 16 Aug 1989 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
54874 <strong>EEP</strong> 27 Aug 1989 (U)54874 0.000<br />
8715 ? 7701 7407 24 Sep 1989 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
54934 <strong>EEP</strong> 1 Nov 1989 0.000<br />
8716 ? 8712 8601 30 Oct 1989 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
54969 <strong>EEP</strong> 6 Nov 1989 0.000<br />
8717 ? UNKN UNKN 30 Jul 1988 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401134 <strong>EEP</strong> 7 Aug 1988 0.000<br />
8718 ? 7805 7709 12 Jul 1989 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401728 <strong>EEP</strong> 13 Jul 1989 0.000<br />
8719 ? 8103 7202 24 Sep 1989 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401795 <strong>EEP</strong> 2 Oct 1989 0.000<br />
8720 ? 7805 7709 9 Oct 1989 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401885 <strong>EEP</strong> 18 Nov 1989 0.000<br />
8721 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1987 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Feb 1988 Loan RECANATI<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8723 M 6901 8110 19 Jul 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 (R)M 731 0.000<br />
? Jan 1990 Purchase ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8724 M 8108 8605 15 Jul 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)780 RE 0.125<br />
7 Jul 1990 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8725 F 8109 7903 7 Aug 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)4430 0.000<br />
7 Jun 1990 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8726 M 8502 8402 19 Jul 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)M 734 0.281<br />
? Jan 1990 Unknown ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8728 F UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1987 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Dec 1993 (R)87.860 0.000<br />
20 May 1989 Purchase ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8729 F UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1987 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)87.851 YELLOW 0.000<br />
8801 F WILD WILD 6 Oct 1988 Unknown PARIS<br />
M88257 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)VERT G 0.000<br />
9 May 1989 Donation CLERES<br />
C89007 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8802 M WILD WILD 6 Oct 1988 Unknown PARIS<br />
M88258 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)ROUGE G 0.000<br />
9 May 1989 Donation CLERES<br />
C89006 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8804 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1988 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Aug 1988 Loan RECANATI<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8805 M WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Loan BARCELONA 2744<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 2 Apr 1994 (R)T0159-ROJO 0.000<br />
8806 F WILD WILD 4 Dec 1988 Loan LISBOA 2779<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 303 0.000<br />
8807 M WILD WILD 4 Dec 1988 Loan LISBOA 2780<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 305 0.000<br />
2.4.1 HISTORICAL GOURA VICTORIA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location ARKS<br />
Program Death date Identific. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
8808 F WILD WILD 4 Dec 1988 Loan LISBOA 2781<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 13 Apr 1994 (R)B 306 0.000<br />
8809 F WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Loan BARCELONA 2745<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)T0171-VERDE 0.000<br />
8810 M WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Loan BARCELONA 2746<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO160-NEGRO 0.000<br />
8811 ? WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Loan BARCELONA 2748<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO173-AZUL 0.000<br />
8812 F WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Loan BARCELONA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1989 0.000<br />
8813 ? 8805 8812 9 Dec 1989 Hatching BARCELONA 2753<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO158-AMARILLO 0.000<br />
8815 F WILD WILD 4 Dec 1988 Loan LISBOA 2778<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 11 Feb 1992 0.000<br />
8904 M 8604 8728 3 Oct 1989 Hatching ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 11 Feb 1993 (R)RED 0.000<br />
8905 ? 6901 8110 15 Apr 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 16 Apr 1989 0.000<br />
8906 ? 6901 8110 29 May 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 30 May 1989 0.000<br />
8907 ? 8108 8605 11 Jun 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1989 0.125<br />
8910 M UNKN UNKN 4 Sep 1994 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)SH0010821 0.000<br />
8911 F UNKN UNKN 4 Apr 1994 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)SH0010820 0.000<br />
8912 ? 8407 8408 ? ? 1989 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1993 Unknown O ROSAL,PRIVATE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8913 ? 8407 8408 ? ? 1989 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1990 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8914 ? 8407 8408 ? Jan 1989 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1990 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8915 ? 8405 8406 ? Jan 1989 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1990 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8916 ? 8407 8408 ? Jan 1989 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 11 Nov 1993 0.000<br />
? Jan 1990 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9001 M 7101 7609 25 Sep 1990 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B90190 <strong>EEP</strong> 17 Nov 1992 (R)KSO3(BLUE L) 0.375<br />
6 May 1992 Loan ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9002 F 7101 7609 14 Apr 1990 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B90059 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
1 Mar 1992 Loan ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
11 Mar 1993 Donation ARNHEM 55869 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9003 F WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9004 F WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9005 F WILD WILD 7 Nov 1990 Donation AUGSBURG<br />
90250 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9006 ? 7805 7709 2 Nov 1990 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
402210 <strong>EEP</strong> 14 Nov 1990 0.000<br />
9007 ? 7805 7709 30 Nov 1990 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
402223 <strong>EEP</strong> 30 Nov 1990 0.000<br />
9010 F WILD WILD 25 Oct 1990 Donation HANNOVER K8<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (U)REV 12 0.000<br />
21 Apr 1993 Loan DUBLIN<br />
93B025 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9011 F WILD WILD 25 Oct 1990 Donation HANNOVER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 23 Jan 1994 (U)REV 12 0.000<br />
9012 M WILD WILD ? ? 1990 Hatching HANNOVER K10<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Jan 1991 0.000<br />
9013 F 8502 8402 12 Aug 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)001-780 0.281<br />
9014 ? 8103 7202 1 Jul 1990 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
402098 <strong>EEP</strong> 1 Jul 1990 0.000<br />
9015 ? UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1990 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1991 0.000<br />
9016 F UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1990 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9017 ? 6901 8110 27 Apr 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 28 Apr 1990 0.000<br />
9018 M 6901 8110 11 Jun 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)0102-780 0.000<br />
1 Jul 1991 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9019 ? 8108 8605 20 Apr 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1990 0.125<br />
9020 F 8108 8605 11 Jun 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.125<br />
1 Jul 1991 Purchase EIJSDEN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
2.4.1 HISTORICAL GOURA VICTORIA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identific. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
9021 ? 8109 7903 4 Sep 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1990 0.000<br />
9022 M WILD WILD 1 Jul 1990 Unknown GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9023 F WILD WILD 1 Jul 1990 Unknown GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9024 F WILD WILD ? ? 1990 Hatching AL AZIZIA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)az 1 0.000<br />
9025 M 8604 8728 7 Jun 1990 Hatching ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9026 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1990 Purchase AL AZIZIA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZ 3 0.000<br />
9027 ? 7805 7709 10 Feb 1990 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 27 Feb 1990 0.000<br />
9028 M UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1992 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9029 M 7805 7709 21 Mar 1990 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401941 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)94S 0.000<br />
26 Mar 1991 Loan CHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
17 May 1991 Donation HAYLE S 504 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9030 ? 8405 8406 ? Jan 1990 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9031 ? 8405 8406 ? ? 1990 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1994 0.000<br />
9032 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1990 Purchase AL AZIZIA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZ 2 0.000<br />
9033 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1990 Purchase AL AZIZIA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZ 4 0.000<br />
9100 ? 7805 7709 5 Jan 1991 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
402234 <strong>EEP</strong> 11 Jan 1991 0.000<br />
9101 ? 7805 7709 20 Mar 1991 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 20 Mar 1991 0.000<br />
9103 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1991 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Jul 1991 Purchase EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9104 M 8106 8006 29 Sep 1991 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8514 0.000<br />
2 Feb 1993 Donation WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9105 M 8502 8402 1 Jul 1991 Hatching WEERT<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)043-780 0.281<br />
28 Dec 1993 Unknown GOCH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9106 M 8108 8605 17 Jul 1991 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)042-780 0.125<br />
9107 ? 6901 8110 1 Jul 1991 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1991 0.000<br />
9108 ? 6901 8110 5 Jul 1991 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 9 Jul 1991 0.000<br />
9109 ? 8109 7903 1 Jul 1991 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 22 Jul 1991 0.000<br />
9110 ? 7805 7709 8 May 1991 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
402314 <strong>EEP</strong> 8 Jun 1991 (R)DB 91-101 0.000<br />
9112 ? 7101 7609 17 Aug 1991 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B91154 <strong>EEP</strong> 3 Sep 1991 0.375<br />
9113 M 7701 7407 ? Jan 1991 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
55398 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)BLUE L/YEL R 0.000<br />
12 Jun 1992 Loan ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9114 M 7701 7407 28 Nov 1991 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
55675 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)3638 L/WHI R 0.000<br />
9116 F UNKN UNKN 27 Oct 1983 Hatching PARIS<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
23 Oct 1991 Trade UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
28 Oct 1992 Trade VILLARS-D<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9117 F UNKN UNKN 27 Mar 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9118 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1991 Hatching ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
29 Jun 1992 Loan ARNHEM<br />
55868 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9119 M UNKN UNKN 27 Mar 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9120 ? 8407 8408 ? ? 1991 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9121 ? 8405 8406 ? ? 1991 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1994 0.000<br />
9122 ? 8405 8406 ? Jan 1991 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1993 Unknown O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9201 ? 8303 8107 18 Jul 1992 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 21 Jul 1992 0.219<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9202 M 7701 7407 25 Apr 1992 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
55790 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
11 May 1993 Loan AUGSBURG<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9204 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1992 Purchase SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
2.4.1 HISTORICAL GOURA VICTORIA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identific. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
9205 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1992 Purchase SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
10 Sep 1993 Unknown KUFSTEIN<br />
9206 M 8502 8402 ? Jun 1992 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)92-780-41 0.281<br />
2 Jan 1993 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9207 F 6901 8110 ? Jun 1992 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)92-780-45 0.000<br />
2 Jan 1993 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9208 F 8108 8605 ? Jun 1992 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)92-780-47 0.125<br />
28 Dec 1993 Unknown GOCH<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9209 M 8726 9004 ? ? 1992 Hatching ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)DA 006-92-001 0.000<br />
22 Jun 1992 Loan OVERPELT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
1 Dec 1993 Loan Rt. ST. OEDENRODE <strong>EEP</strong><br />
22 Dec 1993<br />
Loan ROTTERDAM 403616 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9210 M UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1992 Purchase EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9212 M 8106 8006 10 Sep 1992 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 4 Nov 1994 (R)B 7555 0.000<br />
2 Feb 1993 Donation WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9213 ? 8405 8406 ? ? 1992 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
9214 ? 8407 8408 ? ? 1992 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1993 0.000<br />
9215 F 7701 7407 14 Nov 1992 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
56077 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L 3616 0.000<br />
5 Apr 1993 Loan ARCEN 303<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9302 ? WILD WILD ? Jan 1993 Purchase PALMITOS PARK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)H 00328 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9305 M 7101 7609 18 Jun 1993 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B93115 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)(R)K 515 0.375<br />
9306 M 8106 8006 26 Apr 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8326 0.000<br />
13 Oct 1993 Donation WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9307 M 8711 8501 4 Nov 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150004 0.000<br />
9308 M 8711 8501 7 Dec 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150021 0.000<br />
9309 ? 7701 7407 2 Jul 1993 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
56234 <strong>EEP</strong> 8 Jul 1993 0.000<br />
9310 ? 7701 7407 27 Oct 1993 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
56360 <strong>EEP</strong> 27 Oct 1993 0.000<br />
9311 M 7701 7407 26 Dec 1993 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
56423 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9312 ? 8502 8402 5 Sep 1993 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)780-93-94 0.281<br />
9313 ? 8108 8605 15 Jul 1993 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)780-93-99 0.125<br />
9314 M UNKN UNKN 10 Sep 1993 Unknown KUFSTEIN<br />
0.000<br />
10 Sep 1993 Unknown SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9315 ? 8407 8408 7 Sep 1993 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)S 4114 93 0.000<br />
9316 M 8726 9004 ? Jan 1993 Hatching ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)DA 06-93-561 0.000<br />
9317 ? 8810 8809 8 Jul 1993 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 12 Jul 1993 0.000<br />
9318 ? 8810 8809 16 Sep 1993 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 18 May 1994 0.000<br />
9319 ? 8810 8809 24 Jun 1993 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 26 Jun 1993 0.000<br />
9320 ? 8810 8809 13 Oct 1993 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 16 Oct 1993 0.000<br />
9401 ? 8726 9004 1 May 1994 Hatching ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)DA 06-94-782 0.000<br />
9402 ? 8407 8408 7 Feb 1994 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)S 1354 94 0.000<br />
9403 ? 9113 UNKN 23 Jun 1994 Hatching ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)VA94S32R 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9410 ? 9118 9002 24 Oct 1994 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
56843 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9411 M 8711 8501 20 Jun 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150029 0.000<br />
9412 F 8711 8501 11 Aug 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150048 0.000<br />
9413 M 8106 8006 10 Apr 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B B8855 0.000<br />
9414 ? 8810 8809 5 Sep 1994 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
2.4.1 HISTORICAL GOURA VICTORIA STUDBOOK POPULATION THROUGH 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
ARKS Program Death date Identific. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
9415 ? 8407 8408 ? Jan 1994 Hatching AL AZIZIA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1994 0.000<br />
9416 ? UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1994 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> ? ? 1994 0.000<br />
9417 ? 8708 8705 16 Jan 1994 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
3273 <strong>EEP</strong> 16 Jan 1994 0.344<br />
9418 ? 8708 8705 27 May 1994 Hatching ALPHEN<br />
3583 <strong>EEP</strong> 30 May 1994 0.344<br />
9419 ? 9025 9215 5 Nov 1994 Hatching ARCEN 421<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 12 Nov 1994 0.000<br />
9420 F 8502 8402 18 Jun 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)RE 085 0.281<br />
9421 F 8502 8402 8 Sep 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.281<br />
9422 ? 6901 8110 19 Sep 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)086 0.000<br />
==================================================================<br />
=============================================<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.2 CURRENT GOURA VICTORIA POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
Housename ARKS Program Identific. FC<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
AL AZIZIA, Bahrain (Census: 0.4.0)<br />
9024 F WILD WILD ? ? 1990 Purchase AL AZIZIA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)az 1 0.000<br />
9026 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1990 Purchase AL AZIZIA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZ 3 0.000<br />
9032 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1990 Purchase AL AZIZIA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZ 2 0.000<br />
9033 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1990 Purchase AL AZIZIA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)AZ 4 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
ALPHEN, The Netherlands (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8705 F 8303 8107 3 Oct 1987 Hatching AMSTERDAM 37<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.219<br />
13 Apr 1988 Donation ALPHEN<br />
2388 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8708 M 7101 7609 14 Oct 1989 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B89199 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
30 Dec 1989 Purchase ALPHEN<br />
199 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
AMSTERDAM, The Netherlands (Census: 3.2.0)<br />
7609 F 7101 6902 8 Aug 1976 Hatching AMSTERDAM 25<br />
B76010 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)ARTIS K 80 0.250<br />
8103 M WILD WILD 23 Apr 1981 Unknown ROTTERDAM<br />
L050 L 401129 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L050 L 0.000<br />
8 Nov 1993 Loan AMSTERDAM<br />
B93203 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8107 F 7101 UNKN 14 Apr 1985 Hatching AMSTERDAM 30<br />
B81004 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)19-012 0.000<br />
8303 M 7101 7609 1 Apr 1983 Hatching AMSTERDAM 30<br />
B83012 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)K 78 0.375<br />
9305 M 7101 7609 18 Jun 1993 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B93115 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)(R)K 515 0.375<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
ARCEN, The Netherlands (Census: 2.1.1)<br />
9025 M 8604 8728 7 Jun 1990 Hatching ARCEN 173<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9113 M 7701 7407 ? Jan 1991 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
55398 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)BLUE L/YEL.R 0.000<br />
12 Jun 1992 Loan ARCEN 200<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9215 F 7701 7407 14 Nov 1992 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
56077 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L 3616 0.000<br />
5 Apr 1993 Loan ARCEN<br />
303 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9403 ? 9113 UNKN 23 Jun 1994 Hatching ARCEN 395<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)VA94S32R 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
ARNHEM, The Netherlands (Census: 5.3.1)<br />
7407 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1974 Trade ARNHEM<br />
2672 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
27 Jul 1983 Loan MIERLO<br />
3 Mar 1985 Loan ret ARNHEM<br />
2672 52672 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7701 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1977 Trade EINDHOVEN<br />
0.000<br />
2 May 1977 Trade EMMEN<br />
4 Jun 1984 Purchase ARNHEM<br />
2065 52065 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8601 F 7101 7609 5 Apr 1986 Hatching AMSTERDAM 35<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
23 Sep 1986 Trade ARNHEM<br />
1387 53192 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8712 M 7701 7407 30 Sep 1987 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
54340 54340 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9002 F 7101 7609 14 Apr 1990 Hatching AMSTERDAM<br />
B90059 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
1 Mar 1992 Loan ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
11 Mar 1993 Donation ARNHEM<br />
55869 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9114 M 7701 7407 28 Nov 1991 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
55675 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)3638 L/WHI R 0.000<br />
9118 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1991 Hatching ARCEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
29 Jun 1992 Loan ARNHEM<br />
55868 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9311 M 7701 7407 26 Dec 1993 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
56423 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9410 ? 9118 9002 24 Oct 1994 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
56843 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
AUGSBURG, Germany (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9005 F WILD WILD 7 Nov 1990 Donation AUGSBURG<br />
90250 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
9202 M 7701 7407 25 Apr 1992 Hatching ARNHEM<br />
55790 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
11 May 1993 Loan AUGSBURG<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BARCELONA, Spain (Census: 1.1.3)<br />
8809 F WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Loan BARCELONA<br />
00-0024-41D0 2745 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)T0171-VERDE 0.000<br />
8810 M WILD WILD 10 Mar 1988 Loan BARCELONA<br />
00-0025-4B04 2746 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO160-NEGRO 0.000 2.4.2<br />
CURRENT GOURA VICTORIA POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
Housename ARKS Program Identific. FC<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
BARCELONA, cont.<br />
8811 ? WILD WILD 28 Feb 1988 Loan BARCELONA<br />
00-0024-421A 2748 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO173-AZUL 0.000<br />
8813 ? 8805 8812 9 Dec 1989 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
00-0025-5818 2753 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)TO158-AMAR. 0.000<br />
9414 ? 8810 8809 5 Sep 1994 Hatching BARCELONA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BERLIN/ZOO , Germany (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
7406 M UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1974 Trade BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C-00 374 0.000<br />
7909 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1974 Trade BERLIN/ZOO<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C-00 990 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
BOJNICE, Slovak Republic (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9117 F UNKN UNKN 27 Mar 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9119 M UNKN UNKN 27 Mar 1991 Unknown BOJNICE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
CLERES, France (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8801 F WILD WILD 6 Oct 1988 Unknown PARIS<br />
M88257 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)VERT G 0.000<br />
9 May 1989 Donation CLERES C89007<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8802 M WILD WILD 6 Oct 1988 Unknown PARIS<br />
M88258 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)ROUGE G 0.000<br />
9 May 1989 Donation CLERES<br />
C89006 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
DUBLIN, Ireland (Census: 0.1.0)<br />
9010 F WILD WILD 25 Oct 1990 Donation HANNOVER<br />
K8 <strong>EEP</strong> (U)REV 12 0.000<br />
21 Apr 1993 Loan DUBLIN 93B025<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
EIJSDEN, The Netherlands (Census: 4.5.0)<br />
7705 F 7003 7002 19 Mar 1977 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
L090 L;RED R <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L090 L/RED R 0.000<br />
29 Jul 1982 Loan COPENHAGEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9 Jan 1992 Loan EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8724 M 8108 8605 15 Jul 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)780 RE 0.125<br />
7 Jul 1990 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8725 F 8109 7903 7 Aug 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)4430 0.000<br />
7 Jun 1990 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9018 M 6901 8110 11 Jun 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)0102-780 0.000<br />
1 Jul 1991 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9020 F 8108 8605 11 Jun 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.125<br />
1 Jul 1991 Purchase EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9103 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1991 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Jul 1991 Purchase EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9206 M 8502 8402 ? Jun 1992 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)92-780-41 0.281<br />
2 Jan 1993 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9207 F 6901 8110 ? Jun 1992 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)92-780-45 0.000<br />
2 Jan 1993 Unknown EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9210 M UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1992 Purchase EIJSDEN<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
GETTORF, Germany (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9022 M WILD WILD 1 Jul 1990 Unknown GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9023 F WILD WILD 1 Jul 1990 Unknown GETTORF<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
HANNOVER, Germany (Census: 1.0.0)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
7708 M 7003 7002 21 Dec 1977 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
L087 R 401127 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)LO87 R 0.000<br />
12 Jan 1993 Loan HANNOVER L<br />
087 R K 19 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
HAYLE, Great Britain (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8204 F UNKN UNKN 26 Jan 1984 Unknown HAYLE<br />
S108 S108 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORANGE LEFT 0.000<br />
9029 M 7805 7709 21 Mar 1990 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
401941 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)94S 0.000<br />
26 Mar 1991 Loan CHESTER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
17 May 1991 Donation HAYLE S 504<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
2.4.2 CURRENT GOURA VICTORIA POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
Housename ARKS Program Identific. FC<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
JEREZ DL FRONT. Spain (Census: 1.1.5)<br />
8407 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1989 Loan JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8408 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1989 Loan JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8913 ? 8407 8408 ? ? 1989 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1990 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8914 ? 8407 8408 ? Jan 1989 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1990 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8915 ? 8405 8406 ? Jan 1989 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1990 Unknown JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9315 ? 8407 8408 7 Sep 1993 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)S 4114 93 0.000<br />
9402 ? 8407 8408 7 Feb 1994 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)S 1354 94 0.000<br />
7 Feb 1994 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
.............................................<br />
LISBOA, Portugal (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8806 F WILD WILD 4 Dec 1988 Loan LISBOA<br />
00-0015-F60B 2779 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 303 0.000<br />
8807 M WILD WILD 4 Dec 1988 Loan LISBOA 66<br />
2780 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 305 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
LOUROSA, Portugal (Census: 1.1.2)<br />
8405 M WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8406 F WILD WILD ? Jan 1984 Purchase LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9030 ? 8405 8406 ? Jan 1990 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9120 ? 8407 8408 ? ? 1991 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
O ROSAL, Spain (Census: 0.0.2)<br />
8912 ? 8407 8408 ? ? 1989 Hatching JEREZ<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1993 Unknown O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9122 ? 8405 8406 ? Jan 1991 Hatching LOUROSA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
? Jan 1993 Unknown O ROSAL<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
PALMITOS PARK, Spain (Census: 0.0.3)<br />
8210 ? UNKN UNKN ? ? 1982 Hatching PALMITOS PARK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8211 ? UNKN UNKN 24 Sep 1982 Hatching PALMITOS PARK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9302 ? WILD WILD ? Jan 1993 Purchase PALMITOS PARK<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)H 00328 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
PISA, Italy (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9016 F UNKN UNKN 7 Jun 1990 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9028 M UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1992 Unknown PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
RAMAT-GAN, TEL-AVIV, Israel (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8302 F WILD WILD 7 Jul 1983 Trade ARNHEM<br />
1722 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
27 Jul 1983 Loan MIERLO<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
3 Sep 1985 Loan Rt. ARNHEM 1722 51722<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 16 Feb 1993<br />
Donation RAMAT-GAN <strong>EEP</strong><br />
8606 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1986 Hatching PORAT<br />
0.000<br />
26 Dec 1991 Purchase RAMAT-GAN<br />
910096 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
RECANATI, Italy (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8721 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1987 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Feb 1988 Loan RECANATI<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8804 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1988 Hatching PISA<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
1 Aug 1988 Loan RECANATI<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
2.4.2 CURRENT GOURA VICTORIA POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
Housename ARKS Program Identific. FC<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
ROTTERDAM, The Netherlands (Census: 2.2.0)<br />
7202 F WILD WILD 17 Feb 1972 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
401131 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)L220 L 0.000<br />
7709 F UNKN UNKN ? ? 1977 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
(R)12084 0.000<br />
10 Feb 1986 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
12084 401124 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
7805 M UNKN UNKN ? ? 1978 Hatching WASSENAAR<br />
(R)13064 L 0.000<br />
10 Feb 1986 Trade ROTTERDAM<br />
13064 L 401125 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
9209 M 8726 9004 ? ? 1992 Hatching ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)DA006-92-001 0.000<br />
22 Jun 1992 Loan OVERPELT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
1 Dec 1993 Loan Rt. ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 22 Dec 1993<br />
Loan ROTTERDAM 403616 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
ROYAN, PALMYRE, France (Census: 0.0.2)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8702 ? UNKN UNKN 24 Jul 1984 Unknown PALMYRE<br />
BALE 65700 369 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)BALE 65700 0.000<br />
8703 ? UNKN UNKN 12 Jun 1986 Unknown PALMYRE<br />
WASSENAAR 13800 371 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
SCHMIDING, Austria (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
9204 F UNKN UNKN ? Jan 1992 Purchase SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9314 M UNKN UNKN 10 Sep 1993 Unknown KUFSTEIN<br />
0.000<br />
10 Sep 1993 Unknown SCHMIDING<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
ST. OEDENRODE, The Netherlands (Census: 2.2.1)<br />
8726 M 8502 8402 19 Jul 1989 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)M 734 0.281<br />
? Jan 1990 Unknown ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9003 F WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9004 F WILD WILD 14 Jun 1990 Unknown ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
9316 M 8726 9004 ? Jan 1993 Hatching ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)Da 06-93-561 0.000<br />
9401 ? 8726 9004 1 May 1994 Hatching ST. OEDENRODE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)DA 06-94-782 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
STUTTGART, Germany (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
7405 F WILD WILD 11 Oct 1974 Trade STUTTGART<br />
V0227 <strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
7610 M 7003 7002 25 Oct 1976 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
L086 R (R)K 297 R 0.000<br />
4 Dec 1990 Donation STUTTGART<br />
V0757 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
TIMMASPE, Germany (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
8910 M UNKN UNKN 4 Sep 1994 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)SH0010821 0.000<br />
8911 F UNKN UNKN 4 Apr 1994 Unknown TIMMASPE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)SH0010820 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
UPIE, France (Census: 1.1.0)<br />
7711 F UNKN UNKN 25 Mar 1976 Hatching MONTPELLIER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
? ? 1992 Unknown VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
30 Oct 1992 Loan UPIE NO 3<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8301 M WILD WILD 27 Oct 1983 Loan VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)PARIS 84-93 0.000<br />
23 Oct 1991 Unknown UPIE NO<br />
1 <strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
VILLARS-DOMBES, France (Census: 0.1.0)<br />
7710 F UNKN UNKN 25 Mar 1976 Unknown MONTPELLIER<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
18 Sep 1991 Trade UPIE<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
31 Oct 1992 Loan VILLARS-DOMBES<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................WALSRODE/M, Spain<br />
(Census: 6.5.0)<br />
8203 F WILD WILD 7 Jun 1983 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7143 0.000<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8501 F 7101 7609 25 May 1985 Hatching AMSTERDAM 34<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.375<br />
29 Apr 1986 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8709 F WILD WILD 7 Jun 1985 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7063 0.000<br />
13 Nov 1986 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8710 F WILD WILD 7 Jun 1988 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)C 7160 0.000<br />
13 Jul 1988 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 2.4.2 CURRENT<br />
GOURA VICTORIA POPULATION AS OF 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Sire# Dam# Arrival Event Location<br />
Housename ARKS Program Identific. FC<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
WALSRODE/M, cont.<br />
8711 M WILD WILD 7 Jun 1989 Trade WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8678 0.000<br />
3 Aug 1990 Trade WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9104 M 8106 8006 29 Sep 1991 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B8514 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
2 Feb 1993 Donation WALSRODE/M<br />
9306 M 8106 8006 26 Apr 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B 8326 0.000<br />
13 Oct 1993 Donation WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
9307 M 8711 8501 4 Nov 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150004 0.000<br />
9308 M 8711 8501 7 Dec 1993 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150021 0.000<br />
9411 M 8711 8501 20 Jun 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150029 0.000<br />
9412 F 8711 8501 11 Aug 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/M<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)ORN 150048 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
WALSRODE/W, Germany (Census: 2.1.0)<br />
8006 F UNKN UNKN 31 Dec 1980 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)8159/GREEN 0.000<br />
8106 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1983 Unknown WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)7505/ORANGE 0.000<br />
9413 M 8106 8006 10 Apr 1994 Hatching WALSRODE/V<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)B B8855 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
WEERT, The Netherlands (Census: 5.8.3)<br />
6901 M WILD WILD 10 Apr 1969 Trade AMSTERDAM 14<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
25 Mar 1977 Trade EINDHOVEN<br />
31 Dec 1985 Trade WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
7903 F 7610 UNKN 28 Mar 1979 Hatching ROTTERDAM<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)L050 L/YEL.R 0.000<br />
23 Apr 1981 Trade WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong><br />
8108 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1981 Trade WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8109 M WILD WILD 31 Dec 1981 Trade WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8110 F WILD WILD 31 Dec 1981 Trade WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.000<br />
8402 F 8108 7903 ? ? 1984 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)0964 0.000<br />
8502 M 8108 7903 ? ? 1985 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)0963 0.000<br />
8605 F 6901 8402 31 Dec 1986 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)0322 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8729 F UNKN UNKN ? Jun 1987 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)87.851 YELL. 0.000<br />
9013 F 8502 8402 12 Aug 1990 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)001-780 0.281<br />
9106 M 8108 8605 17 Jul 1991 Hatching WEERT<br />
042-780 <strong>EEP</strong> (R)042-780 0.125<br />
9312 ? 8502 8402 5 Sep 1993 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)780-93-94 0.281<br />
9313 ? 8108 8605 15 Jul 1993 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)780-93-99 0.125<br />
9420 F 8502 8402 18 Jun 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)RE 085 0.281<br />
9421 F 8502 8402 8 Sep 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> 0.281<br />
9422 ? 6901 8110 19 Sep 1994 Hatching WEERT<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> (R)086 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.3 FOUNDER REPRESENTATION OF GOURA VICTORIA AS OF 31 DEC. 1994<br />
2.4.4 AGE DISTRIBUTION OF GOURA VICTORIA AS OF 31 DEC. 1994<br />
2.4.5 BIRTHS, DEATHS AND IMPORTS OF GOURA VICTORIA 1988-1994<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.6.1 DEATHS OF GOURA VICTORIA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Death date Sex Sire# Dam# Site of birth<br />
Birth date Last site Identif. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Deaths during: 1988 (Subtotal: 0.1.4)<br />
7002 21 Feb 1988 Female WILD WILD WILD ?<br />
? 1970 ROTTERDAM (R)L034 L 0.000 8706 12 Apr 1988<br />
Unk. sex 7101 7609 AMSTERDAM 8 Apr 1988<br />
AMSTERDAM 0.375 8717 7 Aug 1988 Unk. sex<br />
UNKN UNKN ROTTERDAM 30 Jul 1988 ROTTERDAM<br />
0.000 6903 ? ? 1988 Unk. sex WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1969 MUNSTER 0.000 6904<br />
? ? 1988 Unk. sex WILD WILD WILD ? ?<br />
1969 MUNSTER 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1989 (Subtotal: 2.1.14)<br />
7910 14 Jan 1989 Male UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ?<br />
? 1979 PALMYRE (R)13800 0.000 7608 20 Mar 1989<br />
Unk. sex WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1976<br />
VILLARS-DOMBES 0.000 8905 16 Apr 1989 Unk. sex<br />
6901 8110 WEERT 15 Apr 1989 WEERT<br />
0.000 8906 30 May 1989 Unk. sex 6901 8110<br />
WEERT 29 May 1989 WEERT 0.000<br />
8907 ? ? 1989 Unk. sex 8108 8605 WEERT 11<br />
Jun 1989 WEERT 0.125 8104 29 Jun 1989<br />
Unk. sex UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN ? ? 1981<br />
HANNOVER 0.000 8718 13 Jul 1989 Unk. sex<br />
7805 7709 ROTTERDAM 12 Jul 1989 ROTTERDAM<br />
0.000 8714 27 Aug 1989 Unk. sex 8712 8601<br />
ARNHEM 16 Aug 1989 ARNHEM (U)54874 0.000<br />
8719 2 Oct 1989 Unk. sex 8103 7202 ROTTERDAM 24<br />
Sep 1989 ROTTERDAM 0.000 8713 14 Oct 1989<br />
Unk. sex 8712 8601 ARNHEM 10 Oct 1989 ARNHEM<br />
(U)54948 0.000 8715 1 Nov 1989 Unk. sex 7701<br />
7407 ARNHEM 24 Sep 1989 ARNHEM<br />
0.000 8716 6 Nov 1989 Unk. sex 8712 8601 ARNHEM<br />
30 Oct 1989 ARNHEM 0.000 8720 18<br />
Nov 1989 Unk. sex 7805 7709 ROTTERDAM 9 Oct 1989<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
ROTTERDAM 0.000 7902 ? ? 1989 Unk.<br />
sex UNKN UNKN WASSENAAR 2 Feb 1979 BOURTON/WATER<br />
(R)12800 0.000<br />
7803 ? ? 1989 Unk. sex UNKN UNKN WASSENAAR 18<br />
Apr 1978 BOURTON/WATER 0.000 8701 ? ? 1989<br />
Male 7805 7709 ROTTERDAM 26 Jan 1987 ALPHEN<br />
(R)L215 L 0.000 8812 ? ? 1989 Female WILD<br />
WILD WILD ? ? 1988 BARCELONA<br />
0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1990 (Subtotal: 2.1.9)<br />
7706 ? ? 1990 Unk. sex 7101 6902 AMSTERDAM 6<br />
Jun 1977 MUNICH (R)S 310 0.250 7712 ? ? 1990<br />
Unk. sex WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1977 MUNICH<br />
0.000 8404 10 Jan 1990 Female 8205<br />
8204 HAYLE 1 Aug 1984 HAYLE (R)RED LEFT<br />
0.000 9027 27 Feb 1990 Unk. sex 7805 7709 ROTTERDAM<br />
10 Feb 1990 ROTTERDAM 0.000 9017 28<br />
Apr 1990 Unk. sex 6901 8110 WEERT 27 Apr 1990<br />
WEERT 0.000 9019 ? ? 1990 Unk.<br />
sex 8108 8605 WEERT 20 Apr 1990 WEERT<br />
0.125 9014 1 Jul 1990 Unk. sex 8103 7202<br />
ROTTERDAM 1 Jul 1990 ROTTERDAM 0.000<br />
7702 16 Jul 1990 Male WILD WILD WILD ?<br />
? 1977 ARNHEM (R)BLUE 0.000 9021 ? ? 1990<br />
Unk. sex 8109 7903 WEERT 4 Sep 1990 WEERT<br />
0.000 9006 14 Nov 1990 Unk. sex 7805<br />
7709 ROTTERDAM 2 Nov 1990 ROTTERDAM<br />
0.000 9007 30 Nov 1990 Unk. sex 7805 7709 ROTTERDAM<br />
30 Nov 1990 ROTTERDAM 0.000 8604 27<br />
Dec 1990 Male UNKN UNKN ROTTERDAM ? ? 1986<br />
ARCEN (R)MO83 R 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1991 (Subtotal: 3.2.10)<br />
8707 ? ? 1991 Unk. sex 7101 7609 AMSTERDAM 2<br />
Aug 1988 ARCEN 0.375 9012 4 Jan 1991<br />
Male WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1990<br />
HANNOVER 0.000 8105 6 Jan 1991 Male<br />
7003 7002 ROTTERDAM 9 Jun 1981 COPENHAGEN<br />
(R)L071R/RED L 0.000 9100 11 Jan 1991 Unk. sex 7805 7709<br />
ROTTERDAM 5 Jan 1991 ROTTERDAM 0.000<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8704 24 Jan 1991 Unk. sex WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1988 BUDAPEST 0.000 7611 28 Jan<br />
1991 Female WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1976<br />
UPIE 0.000 8603 21 Feb 1991 Male<br />
7101 7609 AMSTERDAM 11 Nov 1986 ROTTERDAM<br />
(R)L 259 0.375 9101 20 Mar 1991 Unk. sex 7805 7709<br />
ROTTERDAM 20 Mar 1991 ROTTERDAM 0.000<br />
9110 8 Jun 1991 Unk. sex 7805 7709 ROTTERDAM 8<br />
May 1991 ROTTERDAM (U)DB 91-101 0.000 9107 ? ? 1991<br />
Unk. sex 6901 8110 WEERT 1 Jul 1991 WEERT<br />
0.000 9108 9 Jul 1991 Unk. sex 6901<br />
8110 WEERT 5 Jul 1991 WEERT<br />
0.000 9109 22 Jul 1991 Unk. sex 8109 7903 WEERT<br />
1 Jul 1991 WEERT 0.000 9112 3<br />
Sep 1991 Unk. sex 7101 7609 AMSTERDAM 17 Aug 1991<br />
AMSTERDAM 0.375 7703 5 Sep 1991 Female<br />
WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1977 ARNHEM<br />
(R)GREEN 0.000 9015 ? ? 1991 Unk. sex UNKN UNKN<br />
UNKNOWN ? ? 1990 PISA 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
2.4.6.1 DEATHS OF GOURA VICTORIA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Death date Sex Sire# Dam# Site of birth<br />
Birth date Last site Identif. Fc<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Deaths during: 1992 (Subtotal: 1.2.1)<br />
8815 11 Feb 1992 Female WILD WILD WILD ?<br />
? 1988 LISBOA 0.000 7904 18 Feb 1992<br />
Female 7003 7002 ROTTERDAM 10 Jun 1979<br />
ROTTERDAM (R)L089 R 0.000 9201 21 Jul 1992 Unk. sex<br />
8303 8107 AMSTERDAM 18 Jul 1992 AMSTERDAM<br />
0.219 9001 17 Nov 1992 Male 7101 7609<br />
AMSTERDAM 25 Sep 1990 ARCEN (R)KSO3(BLUE L) 0.375<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1993 (Subtotal: 5.2.8)<br />
8723 ? ? 1993 Male 6901 8110 WEERT 19<br />
Jul 1989 ST. OEDENRODE (R)M 731 0.000 9213 ? ? 1993<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
Unk. sex 8405 8406 LOUROSA ? ? 1992 LOUROSA<br />
0.000 9214 ? ? 1993 Unk. sex 8407<br />
8408 LOUROSA ? ? 1992 LOUROSA<br />
0.000 7602 9 Jan 1993 Female UNKN UNKN UNKNOWN<br />
? ? 1976 PALMYRE (R)12536 0.000 8904 11<br />
Feb 1993 Male 8604 8728 ARCEN 3 Oct 1989<br />
ARCEN (R)RED 0.000 8506 12 Apr 1993 Male<br />
UNKN UNKN PORAT ? ? 1985 DUBLIN<br />
0.000 9319 26 Jun 1993 Unk. sex 8810 8809<br />
BARCELONA 24 Jun 1993 BARCELONA 0.000<br />
9309 8 Jul 1993 Unk. sex 7701 7407 ARNHEM 2<br />
Jul 1993 ARNHEM 0.000 9317 12 Jul 1993<br />
Unk. sex 8810 8809 BARCELONA 8 Jul 1993<br />
BARCELONA 0.000 7506 26 Jul 1993 Male<br />
WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1983 WALSRODE/M (R)B<br />
8194 0.000 7101 4 Sep 1993 Male 6901 6902<br />
AMSTERDAM ? Jun 1971 AMSTERDAM 0.000<br />
9320 16 Oct 1993 Unk. sex 8810 8809 BARCELONA 13<br />
Oct 1993 BARCELONA 0.000 9310 27 Oct 1993<br />
Unk. sex 7701 7407 ARNHEM 27 Oct 1993 ARNHEM<br />
0.000 8916 11 Nov 1993 Unk. sex 8407<br />
8408 LOUROSA ? Jan 1989 JEREZ<br />
0.000 8728 4 Dec 1993 Female UNKN UNKN WEERT<br />
? Jun 1987 ARCEN (R)87.860 0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Deaths during: 1994 (Subtotal: 2.4.8)<br />
9031 ? ? 1994 Unk. sex 8405 8406 LOUROSA ?<br />
? 1990 LOUROSA 0.000 9121 ? ? 1994<br />
Unk. sex 8405 8406 LOUROSA ? ? 1991 LOUROSA<br />
0.000 9416 ? ? 1994 Unk. sex UNKN<br />
UNKN LOUROSA ? Jan 1994 LOUROSA<br />
0.000 9415 ? ? 1994 Unk. sex 8407 8408 JEREZ<br />
? Jan 1994 AL AZIZIA 0.000 9417 16<br />
Jan 1994 Unk. sex 8708 8705 ALPHEN 16 Jan 1994<br />
ALPHEN 0.344 9011 23 Jan 1994 Female<br />
WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1990 HANNOVER<br />
(U)REV 12 0.000 8805 2 Apr 1994 Male WILD WILD<br />
WILD ? ? 1988 BARCELONA (R)T0159ROJO 0.000<br />
8808 13 Apr 1994 Female WILD WILD WILD ?<br />
? 1988 LISBOA (R)B 306 0.000 9318 18 May 1994<br />
Unk. sex 8810 8809 BARCELONA 16 Sep 1993<br />
BARCELONA 0.000 9418 30 May 1994 Unk. sex<br />
8708 8705 ALPHEN 27 May 1994 ALPHEN<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
0.344 7404 20 Oct 1994 Female WILD WILD WILD<br />
? ? 1974 HANNOVER (R)W 0534 0.000 9212<br />
4 Nov 1994 Male 8106 8006 WALSRODE/V 10 Sep<br />
1992 WALSRODE/M (R)B 7555 0.000 7704 6 Nov 1994<br />
Female WILD WILD WILD ? ? 1977 PALMYRE<br />
0.000 9419 12 Nov 1994 Unk. sex 9025<br />
9215 ARCEN 5 Nov 1994 ARCEN<br />
0.000<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Total deaths: 15.13.54<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.6.2 REPORTED DEATH CAUSES OF GOURA VICTORIA<br />
THROUGH 31 DECEMBER 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Death date Last site PM report Primary cause(s) of death<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
7101 4 Sep 1993 Amsterdam acute liver necrosis,intestinal bleeding<br />
7203 7 Mar 1981 Wassenaar shock<br />
7404 20 Oct 1994 Hannover bacterial polyserositis<br />
7505 31 Jul 1986 Dublin ruptured crop, sev. impaction gizzard<br />
7506 26 Jul 1993 Walsrode/m trauma, killed by cassowary<br />
7602 9 Jan 1993 Palmyre anorexia associated with bone tumour<br />
7607 3 Jan 1979 Dublin nephritis, with uremea (renal failure)<br />
7704 6 Nov 1994 Palmyre aspergillosis<br />
7904 18 Feb 1992 Rotterdam pm 92/9 euthanised, chronic aspergillosis<br />
8004 9 May 1981 Wassenaar toxoplasmosis<br />
8105 6 Jan 1991 Copenhagen chronic liver disease<br />
8404 10 Jan 1990 Hayle septicaemia (e. rhusiopathie)<br />
8506 12 Apr 1993 Dublin nephritis, urate crystals<br />
8602 3 Sep 1986 Arnhem septicaemia, (Salmonella and E.coli)<br />
8704 24 Jan 1991 Budapest pneumonia<br />
8808 13 Apr 1994 Lisboa trauma, stress during bloodsampling<br />
8916 11 Nov 1993 Jerez dl Front. trauma (broken leg)<br />
9011 23 Jan 1994 Hannover toxoplasmosis<br />
9015 ? ? 1991 Pisa hypothermia (old age related) 9027<br />
27 Feb 1990 Rotterdam septicaemia (died during handrearing)<br />
9110 8 Jun 1991 Rotterdam trauma<br />
9212 4 Nov 1994 Walsrode/m fatty liver degeneration<br />
9214 ? ? 1993 Lourosa trauma (killed by Satyr tragopan)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.6.3 SEASON OF DEATHS OF GOURA VICTORIA<br />
1934 - 1987 (N = 45)<br />
1988 - 1994 (N = 67)<br />
1934 - 1994 (N = 112)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.7.1 BIRTHS OF GOURA VICTORIA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Birth date Site of birth Sire# Dam#<br />
Identific. Fc Death date Last site<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Births during: 1988 (Subtotal: 0.0.3)<br />
8706 Unk. sex 8 Apr 1988 AMSTERDAM 7101 7609<br />
0.375 12 Apr 1988 AMSTERDAM 8717 Unk. sex<br />
30 Jul 1988 ROTTERDAM UNKN UNKN 0.000<br />
7 Aug 1988 ROTTERDAM<br />
8707 Unk. sex 2 Aug 1988 AMSTERDAM 7101 7609<br />
0.375 ? ? 1991 ARCEN<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1989 (Subtotal: 5.1.16)<br />
8912 Unk. sex ? ? 1989 JEREZ 8407 8408<br />
0.000 O ROSAL<br />
8913 Unk. sex ? ? 1989 LOUROSA 8407 8408<br />
0.000 JEREZ<br />
8914 Unk. sex ? Jan 1989 LOUROSA 8407 8408<br />
0.000 JEREZ<br />
8915 Unk. sex ? Jan 1989 LOUROSA 8405 8406<br />
0.000 JEREZ<br />
8916 Unk. sex ? Jan 1989 LOUROSA 8407 8408<br />
0.000 11 Nov 1993 JEREZ<br />
8905 Unk. sex 15 Apr 1989 WEERT 6901 8110<br />
0.000 16 Apr 1989 WEERT<br />
8906 Unk. sex 29 May 1989 WEERT 6901 8110<br />
0.000 30 May 1989 WEERT<br />
8907 Unk. sex 11 Jun 1989 WEERT 8108 8605<br />
0.125 ? ? 1989 WEERT<br />
8718 Unk. sex 12 Jul 1989 ROTTERDAM 7805 7709<br />
0.000 13 Jul 1989 ROTTERDAM<br />
8724 Male 15 Jul 1989 WEERT 8108 8605<br />
(R)780 RE 0.125 EIJSDEN<br />
8726 Male 19 Jul 1989 WEERT 8502 8402<br />
(R)M 734 0.281 ST.OEDENR.<br />
8723 Male 19 Jul 1989 WEERT 6901 8110<br />
(R)M 731 0.000 ? ? 1993 ST.OEDENR.<br />
8725 Female 7 Aug 1989 WEERT 8109 7903<br />
(R)4430 0.000 EIJSDEN<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
8714 Unk. sex 16 Aug 1989 ARNHEM 8712 8601<br />
(U)54874 0.000 27 Aug 1989 ARNHEM<br />
8715 Unk. sex 24 Sep 1989 ARNHEM 7701 7407<br />
0.000 1 Nov 1989 ARNHEM<br />
8719 Unk. sex 24 Sep 1989 ROTTERDAM 8103 7202<br />
0.000 2 Oct 1989 ROTTERDAM<br />
8904 Male 3 Oct 1989 ARCEN 8604 8728<br />
(R)RED 0.000 11 Feb 1993 ARCEN<br />
8720 Unk. sex 9 Oct 1989 ROTTERDAM 7805 7709<br />
0.000 18 Nov 1989 ROTTERDAM<br />
8713 Unk. sex 10 Oct 1989 ARNHEM 8712 8601<br />
(U)54948 0.000 14 Oct 1989 ARNHEM<br />
8708 Male 14 Oct 1989 AMSTERDAM 7101 7609<br />
0.375 ALPHEN<br />
8716 Unk. sex 30 Oct 1989 ARNHEM 8712 8601<br />
0.000 6 Nov 1989 ARNHEM<br />
8813 Unk. sex 9 Dec 1989 BARCELONA 8805 8812<br />
R)TO158-AMARIL. 0.000 BARCELONA<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1990 (Subtotal: 4.3.9)<br />
9030 Unk. sex ? Jan 1990 LOUROSA 8405 8406<br />
0.000 LOUROSA 9031 Unk. sex<br />
? ? 1990 LOUROSA 8405 8406 0.000<br />
? ? 1994 LOUROSA 9027 Unk. sex 10 Feb 1990<br />
ROTTERDAM 7805 7709 0.000 27 Feb 1990<br />
ROTTERDAM 9029 Male 21 Mar 1990 ROTTERDAM<br />
7805 7709 (R)94S 0.000 HAYLE 9002<br />
Female 14 Apr 1990 AMSTERDAM 7101 7609<br />
0.375 ARNHEM 9019 Unk. sex 20<br />
Apr 1990 WEERT 8108 8605 0.125 ?<br />
? 1990 WEERT<br />
9017 Unk. sex 27 Apr 1990 WEERT 6901 8110<br />
0.000 28 Apr 1990 WEERT<br />
9025 Male 7 Jun 1990 ARCEN 8604 8728<br />
0.000 ARCEN<br />
9018 Male 11 Jun 1990 WEERT 6901 8110<br />
(R)0102-780 0.000 EIJSDEN<br />
9020 Female 11 Jun 1990 WEERT 8108 8605<br />
0.125 EIJSDEN,<br />
9014 Unk. sex 1 Jul 1990 ROTTERDAM 8103 7202<br />
0.000 1 Jul 1990 ROTTERDAM 9013 Female<br />
12 Aug 1990 WEERT 8502 8402 (R)001-780 0.281<br />
WEERT 9021 Unk. sex 4 Sep 1990<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
WEERT 8109 7903 0.000 ? ? 1990<br />
WEERT 9001 Male 25 Sep 1990 AMSTERDAM<br />
7101 7609 (R)KSO3(BLUE L) 0.375 17 Nov 1992 ARCEN 9006<br />
Unk. sex 2 Nov 1990 ROTTERDAM 7805 7709<br />
0.000 14 Nov 1990 ROTTERDAM 9007 Unk. sex 30<br />
Nov 1990 ROTTERDAM 7805 7709 0.000 30<br />
Nov 1990 ROTTERDAM<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1991 (Subtotal: 6.1.10)<br />
9113 Male ? Jan 1991 ARNHEM 7701 7407<br />
(R)BLUE L/YEL.R 0.000 ARCEN 9120 Unk. sex<br />
? ? 1991 LOUROSA 8407 8408<br />
0.000 LOUROSA 9121 Unk. sex ? ? 1991<br />
LOUROSA 8405 8406 0.000 ? ? 1994<br />
LOUROSA 9122 Unk. sex ? Jan 1991 LOUROSA<br />
8405 8406 0.000 O ROSAL<br />
9100 Unk. sex 5 Jan 1991 ROTTERDAM 7805 7709<br />
0.000 11 Jan 1991 ROTTERDAM 9103 Female<br />
? ? 1991 WEERT UNKN UNKN 0.000<br />
EIJSDEN<br />
9101 Unk. sex 20 Mar 1991 ROTTERDAM 7805 7709<br />
0.000 20 Mar 1991 ROTTERDAM 9110 Unk. sex<br />
8 May 1991 ROTTERDAM 7805 7709 (U)DB 91-101 0.000<br />
8 Jun 1991 ROTTERDAM 9118 Male ? ? 1991<br />
ARCEN UNKN UNKN 0.000<br />
ARNHEM 9105 Male 1 Jul 1991 WEERT<br />
8502 8402 (R)043-780 0.281 GOCH 9107<br />
Unk. sex 1 Jul 1991 WEERT 6901 8110<br />
0.000 ? ? 1991 WEERT 2.4.7.1 BIRTHS OF GOURA<br />
VICTORIA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
Stud# Sex Birth date Site of birth Sire# Dam#<br />
Identific. Fc Death date Last site<br />
──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────<br />
─────────────────────────────────────────────Births during: 1991<br />
cont.<br />
9109 Unk. sex 1 Jul 1991 WEERT 8109 7903<br />
0.000 22 Jul 1991 WEERT 9108 Unk. sex<br />
5 Jul 1991 WEERT 6901 8110 0.000<br />
9 Jul 1991 WEERT 9106 Male 17 Jul 1991<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
WEERT 8108 8605 (R)042-780 0.125<br />
WEERT 9112 Unk. sex 17 Aug 1991 AMSTERDAM<br />
7101 7609 0.375 3 Sep 1991 AMSTERDAM 9104<br />
Male 29 Sep 1991 WALSRODE/V 8106 8006<br />
(R)B8514 0.000 WALSRODE/M<br />
9114 Male 28 Nov 1991 ARNHEM 7701 7407<br />
(R)3638 L/WHI R 0.000 ARNHEM<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1992 (Subtotal: 4.3.3)<br />
9213 Unk. sex ? ? 1992 LOUROSA 8405 8406<br />
0.000 ? ? 1993 LOUROSA 9214 Unk. sex<br />
? ? 1992 LOUROSA 8407 8408 0.000<br />
? ? 1993 LOUROSA 9202 Male 25 Apr 1992<br />
ARNHEM 7701 7407 0.000<br />
AUGSBURG 9209 Male ? ? 1992 ST. OEDENRODE<br />
8726 9004 (R)DA006-92-001 0.000 ROTTERDAM 9206<br />
Male ? Jun 1992 WEERT 8502 8402<br />
(R)92-780-41 0.281 EIJSDEN<br />
9207 Female ? Jun 1992 WEERT 6901 8110<br />
(R)92-780-45 0.000 EIJSDEN<br />
9208 Female ? Jun 1992 WEERT 8108 8605<br />
(R)92-780-47 0.125 GOCH 9201 Unk. sex<br />
18 Jul 1992 AMSTERDAM 8303 8107 0.219<br />
21 Jul 1992 AMSTERDAM 9212 Male 10 Sep 1992<br />
WALSRODE/V 8106 8006 (R)B 7555 0.000 4 Nov 1994<br />
WALSRODE/M<br />
9215 Female 14 Nov 1992 ARNHEM 7701 7407<br />
(R)L 3616 0.000 ARCEN<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1993 (Subtotal: 6.0.9)<br />
9316 Male ? Jan 1993 ST. OEDENRODE 8726 9004<br />
(R)DA06-93-561 0.000 ST. OEDENR. 9306 Male<br />
26 Apr 1993 WALSRODE/V 8106 8006 (R)B 8326<br />
0.000 WALSRODE/M<br />
9305 Male 18 Jun 1993 AMSTERDAM 7101 7609<br />
(R)(R)K 515 0.375 AMSTERDAM 9319 Unk. sex<br />
24 Jun 1993 BARCELONA 8810 8809 0.000<br />
26 Jun 1993 BARCELONA<br />
9309 Unk. sex 2 Jul 1993 ARNHEM 7701 7407<br />
0.000 8 Jul 1993 ARNHEM<br />
9317 Unk. sex 8 Jul 1993 BARCELONA 8810 8809<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
0.000 12 Jul 1993 BARCELONA<br />
9313 Unk. sex 15 Jul 1993 WEERT 8108 8605<br />
(R)780-93-99 0.125 WEERT<br />
9312 Unk. sex 5 Sep 1993 WEERT 8502 8402<br />
(R)780-93-94 0.281 WEERT 9315 Unk. sex<br />
7 Sep 1993 JEREZ 8407 8408 (R)S 4114 93 0.000<br />
JEREZ 9318 Unk. sex 16 Sep 1993<br />
BARCELONA 8810 8809 0.000 18 May 1994<br />
BARCELONA<br />
9320 Unk. sex 13 Oct 1993 BARCELONA 8810 8809<br />
0.000 16 Oct 1993 BARCELONA<br />
9310 Unk. sex 27 Oct 1993 ARNHEM 7701 7407<br />
0.000 27 Oct 1993 ARNHEM 9307 Male<br />
4 Nov 1993 WALSRODE/M 8711 8501 (R)ORN 150004 0.000<br />
WALSRODE/M<br />
9308 Male 7 Dec 1993 WALSRODE/M 8711 8501<br />
(R)ORN 150021 0.000 WALSRODE/M<br />
9311 Male 26 Dec 1993 ARNHEM 7701 7407<br />
0.000 ARNHEM<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Births during: 1994 (Subtotal: 2.3.11)<br />
9415 Unk. sex ? Jan 1994 JEREZ 8407 8408<br />
0.000 ? ? 1994 AL AZIZIA 9416 Unk. sex<br />
? Jan 1994 LOUROSA UNKN UNKN 0.000<br />
? ? 1994 LOUROSA 9417 Unk. sex 16 Jan 1994<br />
ALPHEN 8708 8705 0.344 16 Jan 1994<br />
ALPHEN 9402 Unk. sex 7 Feb 1994 JEREZ<br />
8407 8408 (R)S 1354 94 0.000 JEREZ 9413<br />
Male 10 Apr 1994 WALSRODE/V 8106 8006 (R)B<br />
B8855 0.000 WALSRODE/V 9401 Unk. sex 1<br />
May 1994 ST. OEDENRODE 8726 9004 (R)DA 06-94-782 0.000<br />
ST. OEDENR.<br />
9418 Unk. sex 27 May 1994 ALPHEN 8708 8705<br />
0.344 30 May 1994 ALPHEN 9420 Female<br />
18 Jun 1994 WEERT 8502 8402 (R)RE 085 0.281<br />
WEERT 9411 Male 20 Jun 1994<br />
WALSRODE/M 8711 8501 (R)ORN 150029 0.000<br />
WALSRODE/M<br />
9403 Unk. sex 23 Jun 1994 ARCEN 9113 UNKN<br />
(R)VA94S32R 0.000 ARCEN 9412 Female<br />
11 Aug 1994 WALSRODE/M 8711 8501 (R)ORN 150048 0.000<br />
WALSRODE/M<br />
9414 Unk. sex 5 Sep 1994 BARCELONA 8810 8809<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
0.000 BARCELONA<br />
9421 Female 8 Sep 1994 WEERT 8502 8402<br />
0.281 WEERT 9422 Unk. sex<br />
19 Sep 1994 WEERT 6901 8110 (R)086 0.000<br />
WEERT 9410 Unk. sex 24 Oct 1994<br />
ARNHEM 9118 9002 0.000<br />
ARNHEM 9419 Unk. sex 5 Nov 1994 ARCEN<br />
9025 9215 0.000 12 Nov 1994 ARCEN<br />
..................................................................<br />
.............................................<br />
Total births: 27.11.61<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.7.2 SEASON OF BIRTHS OF GOURA VICTORIA<br />
1934 - 1987 (N = 59)<br />
1988 - 1994 (N = 93)<br />
1934 - 1994 (N = 152)<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.8 TRANSFERS OF GOURA VICTORIA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
Date of transfer Stud# Old location New location<br />
dd mm yy<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
1988<br />
01 02 88 8721 Pisa Recanati<br />
28 02 88 8811 Wild Barcelona<br />
28 02 88 8812 Wild Barcelona<br />
28 02 88 8809 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8805 Wild Barcelona<br />
10 03 88 8810 Wild Barcelona<br />
13 04 88 8705 Amsterdam Alphen<br />
22 04 88 8701 Rotterdam Alphen<br />
20 05 88 8704 Wild Budapest<br />
07 06 88 8710 Wild Walsrode/v<br />
07 07 88 8710 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
01 08 88 8804 Pisa Recanati<br />
16 10 88 8802 Wild Paris<br />
06 10 88 8801 Wild Paris<br />
28 10 88 8707 Amsterdam Rotterdam<br />
04 12 88 8808 Wild Lisboa<br />
04 12 88 8815 Wild Lisboa<br />
1989<br />
01 01 89 8407 Lourosa Jerez dl Front<br />
01 01 89 8408 Lourosa Jerez dl Front<br />
09 05 89 8802 Paris Cleres<br />
09 05 89 8801 Paris Cleres<br />
19 05 89 8604 Rotterdam Arcen<br />
20 05 89 8728 Weert Arcen<br />
07 06 89 8711 Wild Walsrode/v<br />
29 10 89 8707 Rotterdam Arcen<br />
30 12 89 8708 Amsterdam Alphen<br />
1990<br />
01 01 90 8726 Weert St. Oedenrode<br />
01 01 90 8913 Lourosa Jerez dl Front<br />
01 01 90 8914 Lourosa Jerez dl Front<br />
01 01 90 8915 Lourosa Jerez dl Front<br />
01 01 90 8916 Lourosa Jerez dl Front<br />
01 01 90 9032 Wild Al Azizia<br />
01 01 90 9033 Wild Al Azizia<br />
01 01 90 9026 Wild Al Azizia<br />
01 01 90 8723 Weert St. Oedenrode<br />
07 06 90 8725 Weert Eijsden<br />
07 06 90 9016 Unknown Pisa<br />
07 06 90 9015 Unknown Pisa<br />
14 06 90 9003 Wild St. Oedenrode<br />
14 06 90 9004 Wild St. Oedenrode<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.8 TRANSFERS OF GOURA VICTORIA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
Date of transfer Stud# Old location New location<br />
dd mm yy<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
1990 cont.<br />
01 07 90 9022 Wild Gettorf<br />
01 07 90 9023 Wild Gettorf<br />
07 07 90 8724 Weert Eijsden<br />
03 08 90 8711 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
25 10 90 9011 Wild Hannover<br />
25 10 90 9010 Wild Hannover<br />
07 11 90 9005 Wild Augsburg<br />
04 12 90 7610 Rotterdam Stuttgart<br />
1991<br />
26 03 91 9029 Rotterdam Chester<br />
27 03 91 9117 Unknown Bojnice<br />
27 03 91 9119 Unknown Bojnice<br />
17 05 91 9029 Chester Hayle<br />
01 07 91 9018 Weert Eijsden<br />
01 07 91 9103 Weert Eijsden<br />
01 07 91 9020 Weert Eijsden<br />
23 10 91 8301 Villars-Dombes Upie<br />
23 10 91 9116 Paris Upie<br />
26 12 91 8506 Porat Tel Aviv<br />
26 12 91 8606 Porat Tel Aviv<br />
1992<br />
01 01 92 9205 Unknown Schmiding<br />
01 01 92 9204 Unknown Schmiding<br />
01 01 92 9211 Unknown Oelde<br />
09 01 92 7705 Copenhagen Eijsden<br />
01 03 92 9001 Amsterdam Arcen<br />
01 06 92 9028 Unknown Pisa<br />
01 06 92 9210 Unknown Eijsden<br />
12 06 92 9113 Arnhem Arcen<br />
22 06 92 9209 St.Oedenrode Overpelt<br />
29 06 92 9118 Arcen Arnhem<br />
18 09 92 7710 Montpellier Upie<br />
28 10 92 7710 Upie Villars-Dombes<br />
28 10 92 9116 Upie Villars-Dombes<br />
30 10 92 7711 Villars-Dombes Upie<br />
1993<br />
01 01 93 9122 Lourosa O Rosal<br />
01 01 93 8912 Jerez dl Front O Rosal<br />
01 01 93 9302 Wild Palmitos<br />
02 01 93 9207 Weert Eijsden<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
02 01 93 9206 Weert Eijsden<br />
12 01 93 7708 Rotterdam Hannover<br />
2.4.8 TRANSFERS OF GOURA VICTORIA 1988 - 1994<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
Date of transfer Stud# Old location New location<br />
dd mm yy<br />
──────────────────────────────────────<br />
1993 cont.<br />
02 02 93 9212 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
02 02 93 9104 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
16 02 93 8302 Arnhem Tel Aviv<br />
11 03 93 9002 Amsterdam Arnhem<br />
01 04 93 8506 Tel Aviv Dublin<br />
02 04 93 9215 Arnhem Arcen<br />
21 04 93 9010 Hannover Dublin<br />
11 05 93 9202 Arnhem Augsburg<br />
10 09 93 9205 Schmiding Kufstein<br />
10 09 93 9314 Unknown Kufstein<br />
10 09 93 9314 Kufstein Schmiding<br />
13 10 93 9603 Walsrode/v Walsrode/m<br />
08 11 93 8103 Rotterdam Amsterdam<br />
01 12 93 9209 Overpelt St. Oedenrode<br />
22 12 93 9209 St.Oedenrode Rotterdam<br />
28 12 93 9208 Weert Goch<br />
28 12 93 9105 Weert Goch<br />
1994<br />
04 04 94 8911 Unknown Timmaspe<br />
06 07 94 7404 Stuttgart Hannover<br />
04 09 94 8910 Unknown Timmaspe<br />
=======================================================================<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
2.4.9 SUMMARY OF SELECTED MANAGEMENT DATA FOR<br />
GOURA VICTORIA 1988-1994<br />
Population Size and Genetic Data<br />
Current pop. size: 50.53.23 (T=126)<br />
Founders: 19<br />
Live founders: 13; % current population 10.3%<br />
Potential founders: 32 (21 wild caught and 11 unknown parentage)<br />
Potential founders as % current pop.: 25.4%<br />
Transfers, Imports and Exports (See 2.4.5)<br />
There were 17 transfers made in 1988, 9 in 1989, 22 in 1990, 11 in 1991, 14 in 1992, 23 in 1993<br />
and 3 in 1994. Four birds left the <strong>EEP</strong> in 1993. There were 35 individuals imported into the<br />
population between 1988-1994.<br />
Age Distribution (See 2.4.4)<br />
The age of 50 (39.7%) individuals in the current population was known as of 31 December 1994.<br />
As would be expected, birds of known age have been generally younger birds bred in captivity.<br />
Forty-one (82%) of the birds of known age were 8 years of age or younger as of 31 December 1994.<br />
There was no information on hatching date for 46 (52.9%) of the of 87 birds placed in the age<br />
categories of eight years or less. The age categorizations are usually based on the minimum amount<br />
of time that the birds are known to have been in captivity. Actual age of such birds could be much<br />
higher in many cases, as methods of capturing crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s (e.g. netting them at communal<br />
drinking locations) would favour capture of adult/self feeding individuals of any possible age.<br />
Individuals of unknown sex are divided equally between males and females in Figure 2.4.4.<br />
The population contains a lower proportion of young individuals than is desirable.<br />
Sex Ratio<br />
The sex ratio of males to females is almost equal at 1.0:1.1. Sex of 23 (16.9%) of the birds has not<br />
been reported. All birds should be sexed as rapidly as possible, and techniques for sexing birds are<br />
discussed in the research and management section of this studbook.<br />
Founder Representation (See 2.4.3) and Inbreeding<br />
The two "pseudo founders" constituted 32.74% of the founder representation on 31 December 1994,<br />
meaning that approximately one-third of the genes in the captive bred population were of unknown<br />
origin. Founder representation of the 19 known founders is disturbingly unequal. More than onefourth<br />
of the founder representation is by three birds, two of which were still alive and breeding in<br />
1994.<br />
Inbreeding is highest in this Goura species: 18 individuals (14.3%) in the current population as of<br />
31 December 1994 had a inbreeding coefficient > 0. Of these, 6 had a breeding coefficient of .375.<br />
All of these six birds were in a breeding situation in 1994, and two bred successfully.<br />
Most of the under-represented founders are still found in the current population and a large <strong>number</strong><br />
of potential founders exist. With good management, the chance of a obtaining a genetically<br />
balanced and diverse population is still possible.<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
Number of Births and Deaths (See 2.4.5)<br />
The <strong>number</strong> of births has exceeded deaths in all years except 1988 during the 1988-1994 period.<br />
Season of Death (See 2.4.6)<br />
The percentage of deaths for which the date is known was lower than average during the 3 month<br />
period June-August, being 16.4%. The percentage of deaths occurring during the May-October 6<br />
month period was 35.5%, therefore lower than in the other collective six months of the year.<br />
Age of Individuals at Death During the Period 1988-1994:<br />
Age 0-30d 30d-1y 1 + -5y 5 + -10y 10 + -15y 15 + -20y 20 + y Tot<br />
Est. 0 6 14 6 9 5 1 41<br />
Kn. 27 3 5 3 2 0 1 41<br />
Total 27 9 19 9 11 5 2 82<br />
Est.= Estimated age, or minimum age, based on date of arrival.<br />
Kn.= Age Known<br />
Estimated ages are based on date of arrival, thus age at death for estimated ages could be higher.<br />
This is probably the case, as the mortality between 1 + -10 years for the estimated age category is<br />
quite high (48.9% of total) in comparison to the known age groups (19.5% of total). Almost onethird<br />
(30.4%) of the mortality occurred in the first 30 days.<br />
Cause of Death<br />
Information on causes of death are insufficient, cause of death was provided for only 18 (22.0%) of<br />
the 82 deaths occurring in the 1988-1994 period. Death of 6 (26.1%) of the 23 specimens in the<br />
studbook for which this death cause was provided through 31 December 1994 was attributed to<br />
trauma/shock. As trauma is usually the most easily diagnosed cause of death, it may be relatively<br />
over-represented. Six deaths (26.1%) were bacteria related.<br />
Summary of Annual Report/Studbook Reproductive Data 1988-1994:<br />
GOURA VICTORIA 88 89 90 91 92 93 94<br />
Nr institutions holding sp. 13 13 21 27 27 32 35<br />
Nr institutions breeding sp. 2 4 3 5 4 8 10<br />
% breeding/holding sp. 15 31 14 14 15 25 29<br />
Nr young born 3 12 13 11 8 15 16<br />
Nr young survived 30 days 1 5 5 6 5 10 12<br />
% young survived/born 33 42 38 55 63 67 75<br />
Nr breeding pairs 2 9 6 11 6 9 12<br />
Nr pairs with surviving young 1 5 5 5 5 9 9<br />
Avg. nr. young hatched/pair 1.5 1.3 2.2 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.3<br />
Avg. nr. young reared/pair<br />
with surviving young 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.3<br />
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The <strong>number</strong> of zoos holding and breeding G. victoria, as well as the proportion of zoos breeding G.<br />
victoria, has generally increased. The survivorship of the young has steadily increased.<br />
Season of birth (See 2.4.7.2):<br />
A peaks in births (for which the birth date is known) in the studbook population occurred in July<br />
during the 1988-1994 period. A higher than average birth rate of 38.7% was observed in the June-<br />
August 3 month period. Approximately 2/3 of the births occurred during the May-October 6 month<br />
period.<br />
RESULTS OF 1989-1994 MANAGEMENT QUESTIONNAIRES GOURA VICTORIA<br />
(Some information was collected only as of 1991)<br />
Responding zoos (one or more years) included:<br />
Al Azizia, Alphen, Amsterdam, Antwerp, Arnhem, Barcelona, Bochum, Bojnice, Budapest, Cleres,<br />
Copenhagen, Gettorf, Hannover, Hayle, Jerez, Lisboa, Lourosa, O Rosal, Overpelt, Pisa,<br />
Rotterdam, St. Oedenrode, Stuttgart, Upie, Pisa, Villar les Dombes, Walsrode, Weert, Wuppertal<br />
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89 90 91 92 93 94 Tot<br />
Nr zoos responding 6 6 8 13 16 17 66<br />
Not all zoos answered all questions<br />
Pair information<br />
Nr pairs surveyed 9 9 12 20 23 23 95<br />
Total 91-94 77<br />
(includes a group of unpaired egg-laying females in 1992, 1993<br />
and 1994)<br />
Nr pairs observed courting 9 9 9 9 13 11 60<br />
Total 91-94 19<br />
Nr pairs observed copulating - - 9 7 6 7 29<br />
Nr pairs with eggs 9 9 11 13 17 18 77<br />
Total 91-94 59<br />
Nr pairs hatching young 7 5 6 3 6 9 36<br />
Nr pairs rearing young 5 3 4 2 6 7 27
Egg and young information<br />
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89 90 91 92 93 94 Tot<br />
Nr eggs produced (total) 43 42 48 49 59 72 313<br />
Nr eggs known fertile 17 18 16 9 12 14 86<br />
% fertile/produced 40 43 33 18 20 19 28<br />
Nr eggs infertile 9 13 16 29 24 32 123<br />
% infertile/produced 21 31 33 59 41 44 39<br />
Nr eggs fertility unknown 17 11 16 11 23 26 104<br />
% unknown/produced 40 26 33 22 39 36 33<br />
Nr eggs broken 10 5 14 8 11 22 70<br />
% broken/produced 23 12 29 16 19 31 22<br />
Nr eggs parent inc. - - 38 44 20 44 146<br />
Nr eggs parent hatched - - 8 6 6 10 30<br />
% parent hatched/inc. - - 21 13 30 23 21<br />
Nr chicks parent reared - - 5 5 5 7 22<br />
% parent reared/hatched - - 63 83 83 70 73<br />
Nr eggs other inc. - - 7 5 13 5 30<br />
Nr eggs other hatch - - 3 1 3 2 9<br />
% other hatched/inc. - - 43 20 23 40 30<br />
Nr other reared - - 0 0 2 2 4<br />
% other reared/inc. 0 0 0 0 67 100 44<br />
An average of 3.3 eggs per year were produced by all the pairs included in the survey during the six<br />
year period, while an average of 4.1 eggs were annually produced by egg-laying pairs. Of all 313<br />
eggs laid only 12.4% hatched and only 8.3% of all eggs resulted in chicks reared. Successful<br />
incubation and rearing was achieved by both parents and artificial techniques. On the average<br />
almost one-fourth of all eggs were broken, and more than one-third were infertile.
Population Size<br />
2.5 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS AND COMMENTS<br />
The size of all three crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> <strong>EEP</strong> populations has generally increased throughout the years<br />
since the programs were initiated. This is primarily due to an increase in <strong>number</strong> of <strong>EEP</strong><br />
participants rather an increase in reproduction or in importation from the wild, at least during the<br />
last years. Five <strong>pigeon</strong>s have been exported out of the programs while a total of 135 have been<br />
imported into the programs between 1988-1994.<br />
Age Distribution<br />
In general the crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> populations have fewer young birds than is wished. The percentage<br />
of individuals for which age is known ranges from 34.8-44.9%, and it seems likely that many<br />
individuals with an estimated age are older than the age category to which they are allocated. This<br />
is supported by the difference in death rates between individuals of estimated and known age in the<br />
1 + -10 year age groups, particularly in G. scheepmakeri and G. victoria.<br />
Sex Ratio and Sex Determination<br />
The sex ratio of known sex individuals was fortunately close to 1:1 in all three species as of 31<br />
December 1994. The sex of the <strong>pigeon</strong>s should be determined as quickly as possible to facilitate<br />
transfer of individuals.<br />
Founder Representation and Inbreeding<br />
All three species contained a reasonable percentage of founders and potential founders in the<br />
current population as of 31 December 1994, ranging from 32.3% in the G. scheepmakeri population<br />
to 47.2% in the G. cristata population. Founder representation is quite unequal in G. victoria and G.<br />
scheepmakeri. The relatively high <strong>number</strong> of birds with an inbreeding coefficient of > 0 is also of<br />
concern in the G. victoria population.<br />
Although inbreeding is currently not a problem in G. scheepmakeri, given that the population of<br />
this species is smaller and only a few founders well represented, the likelihood of future problems is<br />
great. However, strict and careful genetic management at this point can help to ensure that the three<br />
crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> populations remain genetically healthy.<br />
As reproduction has been fairly limited in all three crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> populations, it is reasonable at<br />
this time to assume that birds of "unknown" origin are in fact wild caught, particularly if the birds<br />
have been in captivity for a few years. Nonetheless, reproduction is improving, and non-European<br />
captive bred birds are now routinely offered for sale. It is therefore important to track birds of said<br />
"unknown" parentage to verify that they are indeed highly likely to be wild caught, as this<br />
assumption can not be made in the future.<br />
Births and Deaths<br />
The <strong>number</strong> of births generally exceeded the <strong>number</strong> of deaths in the G. scheepmakeri and G.<br />
victoria populations during the 1988-1992 period, but deaths exceeded births in the G. cristata<br />
population. The rate of adult death in the G. cristata population was extremely high compared to<br />
the other two species during the 1988-1994 period.<br />
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A report on pathology of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s appeared in Assink (1988). Unfortunately, insufficient<br />
information on death causes has been received from <strong>EEP</strong> participants since that time to improve our<br />
knowledge of current health problems.<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> Participants are strongly encouraged to have a post mortem examination undertaken in the<br />
event of a crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> death, and to send a copy of the post mortem report to the <strong>EEP</strong><br />
Coordinator.<br />
It is however clear that trauma and bacterial and fungal infections play important roles in mortality<br />
of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s. Three traumatic deaths were reported to be due to injuries inflicted by other<br />
avian species; in two cases by a pheasant and in the other case by a cassowary. Interactions with<br />
enclosure mates should be closely monitored.<br />
Although further analysis is necessary, it seems that birth rates have been higher during the summer<br />
months and higher during the May-October 6 month period than in the other 6 months of the year<br />
collectively, while the death rate has generally been lower during the same months. This is possibly<br />
related to climate, and it may be sensible to put the most effort into breeding crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s<br />
during the months that are warmer and have longer day-lengths (May-October).<br />
Reproduction<br />
An improvement in reproduction has clearly occurred in the G. scheepmakeri population in the last<br />
years, resulting in an increased proportion of zoos with reproduction, an increase in <strong>number</strong> of<br />
young hatched and an increased survivorship of young.<br />
The proportion of breeding pairs and <strong>number</strong> of young hatched has also increased in the G. victoria<br />
population, however survivorship of young has not increased much. Reproduction in the G. cristata<br />
population is particularly dismal, there is no improvement in any aspect of reproduction. Only 8.3%<br />
of all eggs laid by G. victoria and 6.8% of all eggs laid by G. cristata included in the 1988-1994<br />
survey resulted in chicks reared.<br />
Infertility of eggs is quite high in these two species; particularly in G. victoria. Infertility of G.<br />
victoria ranged between 41% and 59% in the years 1992-1994. Egg breakage has also been<br />
remarkably high, averaging 22% in G. victoria and 30% in G. cristata during the 1988-1994 period.<br />
Egg infertility and breakage were lower in the G. scheepmakeri population than in the other two<br />
groups. It is not clear why this is true, however any possible association with inbreeding should be<br />
investigated, given that inbreeding is least prevalent in the G. scheepmakeri population and highest<br />
in G. victoria.<br />
Certainly improvement in reproduction of all three species, particularly of under-represented live<br />
founders and potential founders is urgently needed. Greater effort by <strong>EEP</strong> participants in filling out<br />
the annual management questionnaire would be of much assistance in determining more<br />
specifically where reproductive problems lie and what aspects of management need the most<br />
attention to achieve this improvement.<br />
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HUSBANDRY AND RESEARCH<br />
3.1 - 3.10<br />
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3.1 CROWNED PIGEON IDENTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION<br />
C. E. King and J. Nijboer<br />
It is not possible to optimally manage crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s without being able to identify individuals<br />
and monitor their activities, particularly concerning reproduction. The reproductive and<br />
management information collected from crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> holders annually is necessary to assess<br />
status and problems in the <strong>EEP</strong>.<br />
Unfortunately this information, particularly concerning eggs, has been rather incomplete. A form to<br />
facilitate egg registration by crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> <strong>EEP</strong> participants is therefore enclosed. The egg<br />
registration form is based on the form used at Rotterdam Zoo for the last five years, designed and<br />
refined with input from the bird keeping staff. It should thus be useful not only for analyses on the<br />
<strong>EEP</strong> level, but also for recording information that individual facilities will want to have for their<br />
own use. It is therefore recommended that <strong>EEP</strong> participants keep a copy of the completed form each<br />
year.<br />
An example of the form and instructions for filling it out are included here. It is recommended that<br />
holders make a photocopy of the empty original form sent, and use the photocopy for the<br />
registration, keeping the original copy for use as a template for additional pages and/or for the next<br />
years. The <strong>EEP</strong> <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> coordinator can of course be approached for additional forms or<br />
further explanations about how to use the forms as necessary however.<br />
The most common means for individually identifying crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s is the leg ring. "Winged"<br />
rings are not recommended, as the thin shelled eggs laid by crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s could be damaged<br />
during incubation. A closed ring can be put on the chick at approximately two months of age. A<br />
ring with an internal diameter of 18 mm is suitable for most adult crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s; 16 mm rings<br />
may be better for some small individuals.<br />
Explanations of registration form categories<br />
Date laid or found: an "l" is noted by dates for which it is sure that the egg was laid within the last<br />
24 hours. An "f" is noted for eggs which the exact laying date is uncertain. This gives an indication<br />
of the reliability of the expected hatch date.<br />
I.D.% and I.D.&: Preferably the <strong>EEP</strong> studbook <strong>number</strong> of the birds is used, but the I.D. can also be<br />
ring or ISIS <strong>number</strong>s or individual names etc. as long as the <strong>EEP</strong> studbook keeper can couple the<br />
local I.D. of the individuals with the <strong>EEP</strong> studbook <strong>number</strong> with certainty.<br />
Cage <strong>number</strong>: This can also be a cage name. This information is necessary for periodic analysis of<br />
husbandry and reproduction variables.<br />
Description nest site: a short description of the nest site is useful in later determining which sites<br />
are preferred and/or most successful.<br />
Type incubation and Results: Categories and abbreviations given at the bottom of the form.<br />
Remarks: This may include any information on the behaviour of the parents, appearance of the egg<br />
or the chick at hatching etc. that is of interest to the crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> holder.<br />
Est. hatch date: The estimated hatch date can be calculated from 28-30 day incubation period for<br />
crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s; 29 days is used at Rotterdam Zoo. The expected hatch date is placed at the end of<br />
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the line of information for a given chick for easy application during nest checks.<br />
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3.2 METHODS AVAILABLE TO EUROPEAN FACILITIES FOR SEXING<br />
CROWNED PIGEONS<br />
C. E. King<br />
It is strongly advised that holders of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s determine the sex of their birds as quickly as<br />
possible in order to facilitate transfers between institutions. At the same time, it is recognized that<br />
this is not always possible. For example, use of any technique that requires catching the bird is not<br />
advised during hot weather, as the stress involved in some cases has proven fatal. Some techniques<br />
that allow birds to be sexed at younger ages are for some institutions more difficult to arrange.<br />
Nevertheless, prompt sexing of birds included in the <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> <strong>EEP</strong> should be strived for.<br />
Sources for the information included here are often not provided. If more information is desired the<br />
author may be contacted.<br />
CHROMOSOMAL BLOOD KARYOTYPING<br />
Method:<br />
A sterile blood sample of 0.5 to 2.0 ml is taken, usually from the wing. The blood is placed in<br />
Lithium-Heparin or Na-Heparin tubes and sent to the facility where it will be cultured and the sex<br />
chromosomes examined with a microscope.<br />
Invasiveness/risk:<br />
Requires catching the bird and physical immobilization while the wing is outstretched and the blood<br />
sample taken.<br />
Sampling procedure/difficulty:<br />
Blood sampling must be done very hygienically or culturing of the blood will fail; this is best done<br />
by an experienced technician or a veterinarian. Sampling instructions are provided or, if done by<br />
Rotterdam Zoo in some cases the Rotterdam Zoo technician can collect the samples.<br />
Shipping/storing:<br />
The Lithium-Heparin or Na-Heparin tubes needed for blood storage are usually available from a<br />
veterinarian. Samples must be at the culturing facility within three days; cooling of samples during<br />
transport is only necessary in very hot weather. Arrangements for receipt and processing must be<br />
made prior to delivery.<br />
Determination time:<br />
A minimum of 7 days is required, results are usually sent within two weeks. One zoo has reported<br />
that they experienced a waiting period of 2-3 months.<br />
Determination reliability:<br />
Results are reliable, but achieving results is dependant on culturing success. Failures occurred in 17<br />
(27%) of 63 attempts with crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s between 1990-1994 because of problems in blood<br />
culturing at Rotterdam Zoo.<br />
Age limitations:<br />
None, it just requires that the bird be large enough to obtain a minimum of 0.5 ml blood.<br />
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Additional benefits:<br />
Data can be used for taxonomic research and determination of gross chromosomal abnormalities. A<br />
close inspection of the bird's physical condition is possible during handling.<br />
Availability:<br />
Currently available on routine basis from Rotterdam Zoo. Blood can be sent from anywhere in the<br />
world, as long as arrival is within three days.<br />
Costs per specimen:<br />
Rotterdam charges ca. US$ 18.00, + specimen shipment (express or special courier), OR + travel<br />
costs if the technician goes to facility to collect the specimens.<br />
Permit requirements:<br />
Permits according to regulations for CITES Appendix II birds and the regulations of the import and<br />
export countries involved; however Rotterdam Zoo has a import permit requirement waiver.<br />
CHROMOSOMAL DNA PROBE<br />
Method:<br />
A toenail is clipped a bit short and blood droplets collected in a 20ml capillary tube from a provided<br />
sampling kit. The blood is then placed in a vial of DNA preservative. The samples are sent to the<br />
appropriate laboratory where a DNA probe is used to identify sex-specific DNA sequences.<br />
Invasiveness/risk:<br />
Requires catching the bird and physical immobilization while the toenail is clipped and the blood<br />
sample taken.<br />
Sampling procedure/difficulty:<br />
Blood sampling and storage preparation is quite simple, but requires a storage test kit distributed by<br />
the company undertaking the sexing. The sample must be hygienically taken.<br />
Shipping/storing:<br />
The blood sample is stable in the DNA preservative for months, thus immediate shipping and<br />
stringent planning for delivery arrangements are not required. The blood does not have to be kept<br />
cooled during storage or transport.<br />
Determination time:<br />
Results are available within 3-4 weeks.<br />
Determination reliability:<br />
<strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong>s have now been successfully sexed using this method. Reliability is not considered<br />
to be 100% at this time, as problems in sexing individuals do occur. However reliability is expected<br />
to improve as techniques are developed. Inadequate shaking of vials has resulted in determination<br />
failure in a few (less than 1%) of all avian samples sent to Vetgen Europe.<br />
Age limitations:<br />
None, it just requires that the bird be large enough to obtain the blood sample.<br />
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Additional benefits:<br />
Extra blood can be taken for storage in a gene bank for later individual identification and paternity<br />
determination as needed. A close inspection of the bird's physical condition is possible during<br />
handling.<br />
Availability:<br />
Currently available commercially from Zoogen in the US and Vetgen in England. Blood can be sent<br />
from any where in the world.<br />
Costs per specimen:<br />
Vetgen charges- These vary with the <strong>number</strong> of samples being processed. A sample kit for seven<br />
samples costs ca. US$ 11.30 (1.60/sample) + price of determination is ca. US$ 37.50 for one<br />
sample, dropping to ca. US$ 28.60 if 20 or more samples are sent simultaneously + express or<br />
special courier shipping charges. Sample kit costs are wavered for zoos.<br />
Permit requirements:<br />
Permits according to regulations for CITES Appendix II birds and the regulations of the import and<br />
export countries involved.<br />
CHROMOSOMAL FEATHER PULP KARYOTYPING<br />
Method:<br />
An appropriate shipping container (can be provided by the laboratory) should first be solidly frozen<br />
for at least 24 hours and collection tubes cooled. A sterile collection of a large growing feather,<br />
preferably a tail or flight feather, or several smaller feathers is made and shipped to the laboratory<br />
in the frozen container. The pulp is cultured, and the sex chromosomes examined with a<br />
microscope.<br />
Invasiveness/risk:<br />
Requires catching the bird and physical immobilization while suitable feathers are removed. If no<br />
growing feathers are present some feathers may have to be removed and the bird caught a second<br />
time (or even third time) in ca. two weeks when the pulled feathers should be replaced by growing<br />
feathers.<br />
Sampling procedure/difficulty:<br />
Sampling must be done hygienically and following specific directions or culturing of the blood may<br />
fail; however sampling by someone inexperienced is easily possible.<br />
Shipping/storing:<br />
Storage vials and packaging are sent by the company carrying out the sex determination. The<br />
feathers need to reach the culturing facility within two days; best results are achieved if reached<br />
within one day. Arrangements for receipt of the feathers should be made in advance, arrangements<br />
may have to be made more than once if two or more attempts to collect feathers are required. The<br />
feathers must remain refrigerated during transport.<br />
Determination time:<br />
A minimum of 7 days is required, results are usually sent within two weeks.<br />
Determination reliability:<br />
Results are reliable, but achieving results is dependant on culturing success.<br />
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Age limitations:<br />
The bird has to be old enough to have growing feathers of some length, this is 3-4 weeks for<br />
<strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
Additional benefits:<br />
Data can be used for taxonomic research and determination of gross chromosomal abnormalities. A<br />
close inspection of the bird's physical condition is possible during handling.<br />
Availability:<br />
Currently available commercially from the Avian Genetic Sexing Laboratory in Bartlett, USA.<br />
Feather pulp sexing of <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong>s is also reportedly available from the cellular biology<br />
department at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (Spain), however no response from this<br />
facility was received to a query for more information about their services. Feathers can be sent from<br />
anywhere in the world, as long as arrival is within 2 days.<br />
Costs per specimen:<br />
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (Spain)- Cost per sample is US$ 50.00 + express or special<br />
courier shipping charges + cost of sample collection tubes.<br />
Permit requirements:<br />
Permits according to regulations for CITES Appendix II birds and the regulations of the import and<br />
export countries involved. Avian Genetic Sexing Laboratory in Bartlett, USA has a import permit<br />
requirement waiver, it is not known whether the facility in Barcelona also has such a waiver.<br />
LAPAROSCOPY<br />
The bird is restrained, usually with anaesthesia. A small incision is made in the vicinity of the sex<br />
organs. A laparoscope is inserted into the body cavity, and the sex organs examined. Suturing of the<br />
incision is sometimes required.<br />
Invasiveness/risk:<br />
Is highly invasive; requiring catching the bird, immobilization (usually with anaesthesia) and minor<br />
surgery. Anaesthesia<br />
related deaths have been reported with crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
Sampling procedure/difficulty:<br />
This procedure is best carried out by an experienced veterinarian.<br />
Shipping/storing:<br />
No shipping or storing of samples is required, however the bird must be taken to a veterinarian<br />
clinic or clinical facilities must be available on site.<br />
Determination time: Immediate.<br />
Determination reliability:<br />
Is dependant on age and sexual condition of the bird and experience of the veterinarian. Kaal (1981)<br />
reports that columbiform birds are more difficult to sex by laparoscopy than some other taxa, e.g.<br />
psittacines, because of problems in penetrating the abdominal air sac. The sac wall is highly elastic<br />
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in <strong>pigeon</strong>s, making it difficult to get a clear visual image of the sexual organs on the left side of the<br />
bird.<br />
Age limitations:<br />
Results are more reliable if procedure is undertaken on sexually mature birds, this is ca. 16 months<br />
in crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
Additional benefits:<br />
A close inspection of the bird's physical condition is possible during handling. Condition of internal<br />
organs can be checked simultaneously with the laparoscopy. One species committee member<br />
suggested that two additional benefits are that there is less chance of administrative errors because<br />
of the immediacy of this method, and that a transponder can be inserted into the incision at the same<br />
time. It should be noted that it has not been established where the best transponder site for crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s is however.<br />
Availability:<br />
Many zoos and or cities have a veterinarian that is qualified to carry out laparoscopic sexing<br />
procedures, and several European veterinarians specialized in this procedure travel to different<br />
facilities in order to sex birds, usually a <strong>number</strong> of them at the same time, by appointment.<br />
Costs per specimen:<br />
This can vary between ca. US$ 25.00-50.00, depending on the <strong>number</strong> of birds to be sexed and the<br />
veterinarian's individual charges. Travel expenses may also be added if the veterinarian goes to the<br />
facility to sex the birds.<br />
Permit requirements:<br />
None, assuming that the bird is not transported internationally for sexing.<br />
BEHAVIOUR<br />
Method:<br />
Establish presence or absence of the "perch coo" and "bow coo/bow display" in the behavioral<br />
repertoire of the individual, as both behaviours are apparently primarily male displays (van R<br />
Rijn, 1995).<br />
Invasiveness/risk: Entirely non-invasive.<br />
Sampling procedure/difficulty:<br />
The investigator must have a good familiarity with behaviour of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
Shipping/storing: Not applicable.<br />
Determination time:<br />
Some individual males do not display these behaviours often, thus it is not possible to estimate the<br />
time investment required to establish presence or absence of the behaviours. Performance of the<br />
behaviours can be encouraged by placement of an unfamiliar male in the same or an adjacent cage.<br />
Determination reliability:<br />
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Current data indicate that a sexual difference in performance of these behaviours by crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s does occur. In-depth studies with other species indicate that females do at times perform<br />
primarily male displays however, thus a much more extensive study is necessary to assess<br />
reliability of this technique for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
Age limitations:<br />
Individuals are not expected to perform these behaviours before they are approaching sexual<br />
maturity (ca. 16 months), currently the age by which the behaviours should be present in the<br />
behavioral repertoire has not been established.<br />
Additional benefits:<br />
A more general impression of behavioral responses useful in management of an individual can<br />
simultaneously be gathered. As suggested for laparoscopy, there may be less chance of<br />
administrative errors because of the immediacy of this method once the presence or absence of the<br />
behaviours in the repertoire is established. Sex determination is also presumably relatively easy to<br />
repeat.<br />
Availability:<br />
As of now, no one specialized in this technique is known.<br />
Costs per specimen:<br />
Currently unassessed, but minimal.<br />
Permit requirements:<br />
None, assuming that the bird is not sent to another country for sex determination.<br />
MORPHOLOGY<br />
Method:<br />
Morphological measurements of individuals are made.<br />
Invasiveness/risk:<br />
Requires catching the bird and physical immobilization while the bird is measured.<br />
Sampling procedure/difficulty:<br />
The investigator must have a good familiarity with size of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
Shipping/storing:<br />
Not applicable.<br />
Determination time:<br />
Immediate.<br />
Determination reliability:<br />
Current data on crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s and other Columbiform birds suggest that there are some<br />
differences in average size of males and females, but with considerable overlap among individuals.<br />
This is demonstrated by the following weight data for adult Goura cristata provided by D. Wetzel:<br />
Males: n=8, X= 2.1 kg, S.D.= 0.35, range= 1.70-2.66 kg<br />
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Females: n=8, X=1.8 kg, S.D.= 0.49, range= 1.2-2.3 kg<br />
Male members of the Columbiformes generally have a longer and broader head, and a heavier crop<br />
area. It may be possible that some combination of morphological measurements could be used<br />
reliably to determine sex in the future, as is suggested for some other Columbiform birds.<br />
Age limitations:<br />
The age at which sexual differences in size is achieved is not known, however it is probable that<br />
differences are most obvious at, or approaching, sexual maturity (ca. 16 months).<br />
Additional benefits:<br />
A close inspection of the bird's physical condition is possible during handling. As suggested for<br />
laparoscopy, there may be less chance of administrative errors because of the immediacy of this<br />
method, if calculations undertaken somewhere else are not required.<br />
Availability:<br />
As of now, no one specialized in this technique is known.<br />
Costs per specimen:<br />
Currently unassessed, but minimal.<br />
Permit requirements:<br />
None, assuming that the bird is not sent to another country for sex determination.<br />
CLOACAL INSPECTION<br />
Method:<br />
The inside of the cloaca is examined using a modified nose speculum as described in Miller and<br />
Wagner (1955). Males possess two conical papillae which terminate the sperm ducts (vas<br />
deferentia) The oviduct opening may be seen on the cloaca wall on the left side of females.<br />
Invasiveness/risk:<br />
Requires catching the bird and physical immobilization while the bird is examined. Extreme care is<br />
required when a bird in breeding condition, as a female with an egg in the oviduct could be injured<br />
by the procedure. The bird can first be palpated to check for presence of an egg.<br />
Sampling procedure/difficulty:<br />
The investigator must have a good familiarity with <strong>pigeon</strong> anatomy and morphology of the cloaca<br />
and oviduct.<br />
Shipping/storing: Not applicable.<br />
Determination time: Immediate.<br />
Determination reliability:<br />
Two experiments were carried out on 132 birds from 10 columbiform species of known sex, 91% of<br />
the birds were correctly sexed and sex was not determined for the other, probably sexually<br />
immature 9%. Sex was determined for another group of 203 individuals from 30 species for which<br />
the sexes were unknown. Sexes could be assigned to 93%, including the only two crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s<br />
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attempted, two Goura cristata. Other, smaller papillae are present in the cloacal area of some larger<br />
columbiform species, but the authors did not think that these would be confused with the terminal<br />
papillae of the vas deferentia.<br />
Age limitations:<br />
Sexual differences are not obvious with sexually immature individuals (i.e. before ca. 16 months).<br />
Additional benefits:<br />
A close inspection of the bird's physical condition is possible during handling. As suggested for<br />
laparoscopy, there may be less chance of administrative errors because of the immediacy of this<br />
method, if calculations undertaken somewhere else are not required.<br />
Availability:<br />
As of now, no one specialized in this technique is known.<br />
Costs per specimen:<br />
Currently unassessed, but minimal.<br />
Permit requirements:<br />
None, assuming that the bird is not sent to another country for sex determination.<br />
FAECAL STEROID ANALYSIS<br />
This technique has not yet proven to be reliable or cost effective for avian species. It seems to work<br />
far better for some taxa than others and its usefulness for sexing Columbiformes has not been<br />
established.<br />
SPECTROFLUOREMETRY ANALYSIS<br />
This is a recently described technique that is relatively non-invasive, requiring only a very small<br />
quantity of blood (e.g. after a toenail is clipped). The difference in total quantity of DNA per cell is<br />
measured, as more DNA is present in cells of males in most bird groups. This technique would not<br />
be applicable to groups in which in which the sex chromosomes are equal-sized, e.g. ratites, kiwis<br />
and secretary birds. The technique was successful in differentiating sexes of one species of love<br />
bird, however it has not been further tested. It is not at this time commercially available, and no<br />
response was received to a query about possible future availability.<br />
ULTRASOUND<br />
This technique is under development by the Institute for Zoo Biology and Wildlife Research, and<br />
will be tested on birds at Dresden Zoo. It is a relatively non-invasive technique, it requires only a<br />
short handling time and gives immediate results.<br />
────────────────────────────────────────<br />
CONTACT PERSONS<br />
Chromosomal Blood Karyotyping<br />
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Rob Belterman<br />
Rotterdam Zoo<br />
Postbus 532<br />
3000 AM Rotterdam<br />
The Netherlands<br />
Tel: (+31) 10 - 4431 411<br />
Fax: (+31) 10 - 4431 414<br />
E-Mail: Rob.Belterman@inter.NL.net<br />
Chromosomal DNA Probe<br />
Peter W. Scott, Veterinary Director<br />
Vetgen Europe<br />
P.O. Box 60,<br />
Winchester, Hampshire S023 9XN<br />
United Kingdom<br />
Tel: (+44)- 0962-880376<br />
Fax: (+44)- 0962-881790<br />
Zoogen, Inc.<br />
1105 Kennedy Place<br />
Suite 1<br />
Davis, CA USA 95616<br />
Codgene<br />
Laboratoire de Recherche et d'Identification Genetique<br />
11, rue Humann<br />
67085 Strasbourg Cedex<br />
France<br />
Tel: (+33)-88-35-78-59<br />
Fax: (+33)-88-24-00-85<br />
Chromosomal Feather Pulp Karyotyping<br />
Dra. Montserrat Ponsa<br />
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona<br />
Departament de Biologica Cel-lular<br />
Edifici C<br />
08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona)<br />
Spain<br />
Tel: (+34) 3 581 10 33 / 3 581 18 39<br />
Fax: (+34) 3 581 20 03<br />
Mark B. Valentine<br />
Avian Genetic Sexing Laboratory<br />
6551 Stage Oaks Drive<br />
Suite A<br />
Bartlett TN, USA 38134<br />
Tel: (+1) 901-388-9548<br />
Spectrofluorometric Analysis<br />
A. Rous, H. Mendoza, A. Aguilera, S. Gonzales Gil, V. Lopes-Rodas and E. Costa<br />
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Genetica Facultad de Veterinaria<br />
Universidad Complutense<br />
28040 Madrid, Spain<br />
Ultrasound<br />
Dr. Hildebrant<br />
Institute for Zoo Biology and Wildlife Research<br />
Postfach 1103<br />
D 10252 Berlin<br />
Tel: (+49) 30-5168-0 Fax: (+49) 30-5126104<br />
Laparoscopy<br />
Because laparoscopy is widely practiced by numerous veterinarians on a commercial scale it would<br />
be impossible to list all of these practitioners here. However if a zoo is unable to locate a veterinarian<br />
that can undertake sexing of birds the <strong>EEP</strong> <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon Coordinator and/or the <strong>EEP</strong><br />
Executive Office will assist you in locating a candidate.<br />
LITERATURE<br />
Kaal, G. Th. F. 1981. Geslachtsbepaling bij vogels. Drukkerij Zomer, Arnhem.<br />
Miller, W.J. and F.H. Wagner. 1955. Sexing mature columbiformes by cloacal characters. Auk 72:<br />
279-285.<br />
van Rijn, M. 1995. Vergelijkend onderzoek naar het gedrag en de vocalisaties van kroonduiven<br />
(Goura). Unpubl. rept.<br />
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3.3 COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE BEHAVIOUR AND VOCALIZATIONS OF<br />
CROWNED PIGEONS<br />
M. van Rijn (summarized here by C. E. King)<br />
A six month project was carried out during 1995 to establish whether any noticeable differences in<br />
performance of ritualized displays of the three crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s exist. In total, ten pairs of Goura<br />
victoria, five pairs of G. cristata and three pairs of G. scheepmakeri were observed at four zoos and<br />
three private breeding facilities in the Netherlands.<br />
Courtship behaviours, behaviours associated with production of vocalizations and other social<br />
behaviours were observed and recorded using a video camera as possible. Vocalizations were also<br />
recorded using a cassette recorder with a directional microphone and amplifier. The base frequency,<br />
interval between calls and length of a call were determined for the three display coos (the nest coo,<br />
the perch coo and the bow coo) and the "contact call". Results of the study and detailed<br />
descriptions of the ritualized behaviours of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s observed are reported in van Rijn<br />
(1995).<br />
Copulation of the crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s was found to consist of three phases: the pre-copulatory<br />
"Parading", actual copulation, and the post-copulatory excitement cry, often preceded by the bow<br />
display.<br />
Parading was observed to last between 30 seconds and five minutes. During Parading the male and<br />
female walk around each other in circles or the male walks after the female or the female walks<br />
around the man as he rotates in one location. Both animals shake their heads from left to right<br />
during the Parade and clap their bills. The clapping can be quite rapid or only occasional, and loud<br />
or soft. Although both birds generally clap the bill this was performed only by the male only a<br />
couple of times.<br />
The female solicits the male after Parading by crouching and pushing her tail under his breast. The<br />
male either mounts the female or continues to Parade until she solicits him again. The female holds<br />
her wings slightly out from the body to allow the male a more stable position during mounting and<br />
copulation. Some males were observed to intermittently continue head shaking during copulation,<br />
and often the male picks at the female's crown or head with his bill.<br />
After copulation is completed the male springs off of the female and usually performs the Bow<br />
Display. Both birds almost always perform the Excitement Cry after copulation. First the female<br />
makes this vocalization while picking in the direction of the male with her bill, and then the male<br />
performs the same behaviour towards her. This may continue several times until both birds begin to<br />
preen themselves. If a copulation attempt is interrupted before completion the birds usually begin to<br />
Parade again.<br />
Although some variation was observed in performance of the above described sequence of<br />
behaviours, the variation appeared to be due to individual differences between birds rather than<br />
species differences. Furthermore, no species differences were seen in the other pair-bond related<br />
behaviours, i.e. allo-preening, wing-twitching, nodding, billing and offering of nest material, that<br />
are typically performed by columbiformes (Goodwin, 1983). Although the "defensive-threat<br />
display" (Goodwin, 1983) was not observed in G. scheepmakeri during this study, performances by<br />
G. victoria and G. cristata did not differ.<br />
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All three species were also seen to make "contact calls". The exact function of this vocalization,<br />
performed by both males and females, is not understood. It does not appear to be directed towards<br />
any particular object or individual. The contact call is a single, long vocalization made with the bill<br />
widely opened and sometimes accompanied by a rhythmic up and down movement of the tail, it is<br />
phonetically described by van Rijn as "whUUUU-Um".<br />
Emphasis was placed on the three "coo" vocalisations during this study. The nest coo is produced at<br />
the nest site or on the ground. The performer bows while producing the vocalization (phonetically<br />
described by van Rijn as "whroe-wOEhoew"), which is often preceded and/or followed by wingtwitching.<br />
The perch coo is produced while standing on the nest rim or on the ground. It consists of<br />
a series of short coos that are made while the performers's head is bowed. The bill is opened slightly<br />
and quickly closed again between the coos or at the beginning of each coo. This coo is phonetically<br />
described by van Rijn as "woe-rh-HOEb"<br />
The bow coo is always accompanied by the bow display. The head is deeply bowed during each coo<br />
(phonetically described by van Rijn as "WHOE-bhoep"), the widely spread tail is wagged and the<br />
wings are twitched. The bow display often follows copulation. Bow displays were also observed<br />
when a new male was put in an adjacent cage, when a keeper entered the performer's enclosure, and<br />
when a noisy school class passed by.<br />
The only species difference in these vocalizations that proved to be significant was for the bow coo:<br />
the interval between coos was significantly shorter for G. cristata than for the other two taxa.<br />
Sexual differences in displays were however noted: the perch coo and bow coo/bow display were<br />
only performed by males during observations. This are generally considered to be typically male<br />
columbiform displays, although some female columbiforms perform them as well, but less<br />
frequently, with frequency possibly depending on the species and individual.<br />
It was generally found that social behaviour of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s did not differ much from that of<br />
other Columbiformes. However, vocalizations of the crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s are unusually low in<br />
frequency compared to vocalizations of most other <strong>pigeon</strong>s; all vocalizations were recorded to have<br />
a base frequency between 145 and 190 Hz.<br />
Based on behaviours observed in this study, van Rijn concluded that conspecific, rather than<br />
congeneric status of the three Goura taxa is suggested; i.e. the three crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s are possibly<br />
all the same species. The author suggested that further research in more natural situations and<br />
among larger groups of animals may be useful. Play-back experiments could be helpful in<br />
determining the meaning of the different vocalizations in different contexts used by crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s, and whether taxa differences exist- e.g. whether vocalizations from one taxon are<br />
interpreted similarly by another taxon.<br />
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3.4 CROWNED PIGEON INCUBATION AND REARING OPTIONS<br />
C. E. King and J. Nijboer<br />
<strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong>s have relatively long incubation and nestling periods compared to many <strong>pigeon</strong>s;<br />
the incubation period is 28-30 days and fledging normally occurs at c. 30 days of age. Self feeding<br />
has been observed shortly thereafter and entire independence is usually achieved within the first<br />
month post-fledging in captivity (Johst and Johst, 1961; Wetzel, 1992; T. Wiersma pers. comm.).<br />
Weight gain of three parent reared crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chicks during the nestling period is provided in<br />
Figure 1.<br />
Figure 1: Growth curves of parent reared crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s<br />
1) Goura cristata (&) hatched 09 June 1989 at National Zoological Park Washington. Int.<br />
studbook nr. 1553; local ID 210755<br />
2) Goura cristata (%) hatched 16 January 1989 at National Zoological Park Washington. Int.<br />
studbook nr. 1545; local ID 210631<br />
3) Goura scheepmakeri (&) hatched 17 November 1993 at Rotterdam Zoo. <strong>EEP</strong> Studbook nr.<br />
9305; local ID 403485<br />
Because egg breakage or nest abandonment often occurs during parent incubation and rearing of<br />
crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s, several options to increase reproduction are being explored. Information that we<br />
have received on experiences with each of these options are summarized below.<br />
It would be very useful for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> holders with additional experiences to submit this<br />
information to us so that these can add to the knowledge needed to optimally manage these birds.<br />
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ARTIFICIAL INCUBATION AND EGG MANIPULATION<br />
Artificial incubation has been most successful at 37.5ΕC and 50-55 % relative humidity. The egg<br />
should be turned at least 2 times per day, and adequate hygienic measures should be taken.<br />
In some cases an egg may be removed from the parents because of a history of egg breakage or<br />
uncertainty about their willingness to take care of it. At the same time, it may be that the parents<br />
could rear the chick. In such cases the egg can be replaced by a "dummy" egg while the crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong> egg is artificially incubated. Chicken eggs are used as dummy eggs at Rotterdam Zoo<br />
because it has been found that the <strong>pigeon</strong>s accept these more readily than artificial eggs. If the<br />
dummy egg is well tended the crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> egg can then be returned to the parents and the<br />
dummy egg removed. This is undertaken once the chick has pipped internally (two days before<br />
hatching) at Rotterdam Zoo (T. Wiersma, pers. comm.).<br />
CHICK REARING<br />
Pigeons are much more difficult to rear than many other avian groups using artificial techniques.<br />
One great reason for this is that the crop milk produced by <strong>pigeon</strong>s to feed their young is difficult to<br />
duplicate. Other factors important in artificial rearing protocols have also proved perplexing.<br />
Foster rearing by other crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s<br />
In institutions that hold multiple pairs of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s possibilities to foster a chick to another<br />
pair may occur. To date, this seems to be by far the most reliable and efficient artificial rearing<br />
technique. Two crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s have been successfully reared at Rotterdam Zoo this way during<br />
1995; in one case a Victoria crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> was reared by an experienced pair of Scheepmaker's<br />
crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s and in the other case a Victoria crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> was reared by another Victoria<br />
crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> pair. The male of this pair was c. 3 years old and had no successful parental<br />
experience.<br />
Use of other crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s as foster parents requires that the foster parents have produced an egg<br />
in the same time period to ensure crop milk production by the foster parents at the proper time. The<br />
just laid egg of a pair of Victoria crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s at Rotterdam Zoo was replaced by their<br />
previously egg that had been incubated in a machine for some time. The egg hatched three days<br />
after being placed under the parents. Although the pair did brood and feed the chick, they were<br />
apparently unable to produce the crop milk, and the chick died seven days later, weighing only 45<br />
g. The chick had some seed in the stomach and crop, however malnutrition was thought to be the<br />
death cause.<br />
There is however some flexibility in the time frame in which eggs can be laid under foster parents:<br />
the egg of the Victoria crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> foster reared by the Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s<br />
mentioned above was laid nine days before the egg of the foster parents. The chick hatched after a<br />
normal incubation period of 29 days, thus some nine days before the chick of the foster parents<br />
would be expected. The fostered squab grew at an apparently normal rate and fledged at 30 days of<br />
age. This is the age at which the chicks produced by the Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> pair<br />
usually fledge; thus there was no difference between development of their own squabs and the<br />
foster chick.<br />
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On the other hand, a G. victoria chick that was fostered to a two-female pair of G. cristata died at<br />
28 days of age. It had been observed that the crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chick was abnormally small at three<br />
weeks of age, and that growth was further retarded during the last week of life. The cause of death<br />
was not established. The two females had already successfully fed a fostered Columba livia for nine<br />
days just prior to receiving the G. victoria squab; it is possible that a nutrient or immunoglobulin<br />
normally transmitted to the chick during the first week of life was received by the C. livia chick but<br />
not the G. victoria, making the latter chick more vulnerable to other problems. Further data on<br />
similar situations are necessary before any conclusions can be drawn (H. Weekers, pers. comm.).<br />
Foster rearing by another <strong>pigeon</strong> species<br />
No attempts to use other species as foster parents have been successful to our knowledge. H.<br />
Weekers (pers. comm.) has attempted using a series of C. livia racing <strong>pigeon</strong>s as foster parents<br />
rather than just one pair to compensate for the longer nestling period of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s. The<br />
chicks remained with one set of foster parents (whose own chick would have just hatched) for a<br />
week before being transferred to a fresh pair. This was attempted with some ten chicks, but each<br />
time failed with the third set of foster parents. This was thought to be because the chick was too<br />
large for the relatively smaller racing <strong>pigeon</strong>s to brood. Although on each occasion an attempt was<br />
made at this stage to hand-rear the chick, none of these attempts were successful.<br />
Personnel at Dallas zoo experimented with using the "Giant Runt", the largest race of C. livia they<br />
could obtain, to rear one chick. Although the chick was fed by its adopted parents it died at four<br />
days of age because of a Candida infection (C. Siegel, pers. comm.).<br />
An attempt was made at Burger's Bush at Arnhem to rear a Victoria <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> using a pair of<br />
Nicobar <strong>pigeon</strong>s Caloenas nicobarica, but the chick died at 5 days of age.<br />
Hand rearing from hatching<br />
Hand rearing of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s from hatching has had limited success. <strong>EEP</strong> institutions that have<br />
hand reared one or more chicks from hatching are Recanati and Mallorca. Institutions elsewhere<br />
include Dallas Zoo, Kansas City Zoo, San Antonio Zoo and St. Louis Zoo in the U.S. and Birds<br />
International Inc. in the Philippines.<br />
A variety of hand rearing diets and protocols have been attempted. Some information about<br />
experiences and diets has been published in articles (see the bibliography included in this studbook)<br />
and in the second International <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon Studbook (Wetzel, 1995).<br />
Institutions that have managed to rear crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s have generally not been entirely satisfied<br />
with their results. Typically during even successful hand rearing attempts veterinary problems are<br />
still encountered (crop stasis, dehydration, bacterial or yeast infections), the growth rate is<br />
depressed compared to parent reared chicks and the period until the chick eats entirely<br />
independently is prolonged.<br />
Birds International Inc. has been the most successful at crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> hand rearing; some 15 or<br />
more chicks (G. cristata and G. victoria) are reportedly reared there annually.<br />
Little information is available about the techniques and diet used at this facility; apparently good<br />
hygiene, a high brooder temperature and humidity, even well after hatching, are felt to be important<br />
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factors there (B. Hiddinga pers. comm.). We are attempting to gather more information about<br />
techniques used at this facility.<br />
A systematic attempt to develop a reliable crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> hand rearing protocal is being<br />
undertaken at Rotterdam Zoo using a protocal developed in cooperation with the University of<br />
Utrecht for hand rearing of Columba livia. The first attempt in this effort was with a<br />
Victoria crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> squab (<strong>EEP</strong>-studbook <strong>number</strong> 9602). The artificially incubated egg<br />
hatched 6 April 1996. Once dry, the chick was moved to a (human baby) incubator initially<br />
maintained at 35 Ε C and 70% relative humidity.<br />
Special attention was paid to diet preparation: hard boiled eggs were homogenized and mixed under<br />
sterile conditions with lactic acid, calcium, dextrose and water to simulate crop milk composition.<br />
One ml of a starter culture containing Lactobacillus plantarum and six other species of bacteria<br />
isolated from crop milk of domestic <strong>pigeon</strong>s and crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s was added to the food. The<br />
formula was fermented for 2 days at 20ΕC and then stored at -20ΕC. The frozen food was thawed<br />
and then warmed to a temperature of 35ΕC as needed. The squab was fed 3 times a day (8:00, 12:00<br />
and 16:00) ad libitum from a plastic film container covered with parafilm. A hole large enough for<br />
the chick to easily insert its bill was cut into the middle of the parafilm. It was found to be more<br />
efficient to prepare as many containers as were needed per feeding before each feeding, rather than<br />
refilling the same container several times during a feeding. Hygienic measures were taken to try to<br />
avoid other bacterial contamination during care of the bird. Weight gain of this squab is shown in<br />
Figure 2.<br />
The bird began breathing heavily at 23 days of age and was treated with the antibiotic Baytril<br />
(enrofloxacin) for 5 days because of suspected pneumonia. Although the squab's condition appeared<br />
to improve it developed a yeast infection at 27 days of age and was treated for this problem with<br />
Itraconazol. A bend in the left foot was observed at 28 days of age and radiographs revealed poor<br />
bone mineralization. The squab was again treated for a yeast infection at 34 days of age but died at<br />
39 days of age. The cause of death was attributed to insufficient response to the antibiotic and<br />
antifungal medication; insufficient bone mineralization, probably dietary related, is believed to have<br />
played a role.<br />
A protocal is already being developed for the next hand rearing attempt, this will involve dietary<br />
mineral changes. Changes in the feeding method will also be made to try to control the feeding rate<br />
in an attempt to lessen the chance of inhalation of food into the lungs, as this may have been cause<br />
of the breathing problems observed.<br />
Combination foster parenting and hand rearing<br />
A report has been received by T. Todd at Houston Zoo, concerning the until now successful rearing<br />
of a Victoria crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chick initially fostered to a African collard doves Streptopelia<br />
roseogrises for four days. The chick was 24 days at the time of the report, with no observed medical<br />
problems. Hatching weight of the chick was 36 g. and weight at 24 days was 201.7 g. This chick<br />
was successfully reared (R. Plasse, pers. comm.)<br />
A Victoria crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chick at Rotterdam Zoo was recently fostered to a pair of Pied imperial<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s Ducula bicolor. Despite diligent efforts by the foster parents, their nest proved to be too<br />
small and the squab fell out of it when nine days of age. The chick's weight at this time was 110 g,<br />
much less than that of parent reared crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s shown in Figure 1. Examination of its faecal<br />
material indicated that the chick was already receiving seeds at this time. The chick was thereafter<br />
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hand-reared; weight gain is shown in Figure 2.<br />
The initial hand-rearing diet and feeding technique was similar to that described above for the<br />
Victoria crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chick hand-reared from hatching (<strong>EEP</strong> studbook 9602). The diet was<br />
gradually changed from fermented to non-fermented hard boiled egg; the non-fermented egg was<br />
introduced into the diet when the chick was 17 days of age.<br />
No crop stasis problems were encountered during hand rearing of this chick. Weight gain was<br />
steady, except during a several day period when the chick regurgitated its food and breathed<br />
heavily. It was thought to have contracted pneumonia caused by inhalation of food into the lungs<br />
and was accordingly treated with antibiotics.<br />
This chick was moved to a c. 12m 2 enclosure when 39 days of age. Two days later a Victoria<br />
crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chick reared by a pair of Victoria crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s (but not its parents) that was 1<br />
month and 7 days older than the hand reared chick was placed in the enclosure as well. Weight gain<br />
of the hand reared chick from around this time was similar to that of the parent reared birds.<br />
Although the two young crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s were often observed sitting close to each other the<br />
presence of the independently eating chick did not seem to stimulate self feeding by the hand reared<br />
chick, or to discourage its tameness. The keepers reduced the amount of hand feedings to one per<br />
day without results when the chick was 2.5 months of age. When the chick reached three months of<br />
age more drastic measures were initiated: the chick was fed only once every other day. This<br />
resulted in the chick eating entirely independently within the week. Both young crown <strong>pigeon</strong>s<br />
initially spent much time in the shrubbery but gradually came more frequently into the open; this<br />
was encouraged by pruning of the shrubbery by the keepers.<br />
Figure 2: Growth curves of hand reared crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s<br />
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1) Goura Victoria (&) hatched 05 October 1995 at Rotterdam Zoo. <strong>EEP</strong> studbook nr. 9507;<br />
local ID 404455 (fostered to Ducula bicolor for the first 9 days)<br />
2) Goura Victoria (Unknown sex) hatched 06 April 1996 at Rotterdam Zoo. <strong>EEP</strong> studbook nr.<br />
9602; local ID 404594 (hand reared from hatching, died 15 May 1996)<br />
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3.5 OBSERVATIONS ON NESTING FAILURES BY A PAIR OF<br />
SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKER'S CROWNED PIGEONS AT ROTTERDAM ZOO<br />
C. E. King, J. Nijboer and T. Wiersma<br />
A very reproductively successful pair of Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s at Rotterdam Zoo were<br />
observed to gain some idea of what constituted "good" parental care. During the study several<br />
mishaps with eggs or young occurred: during one breeding attempt an egg far in development was<br />
found on the ground. The keepers repaired the resulting crack in the egg and placed it in the<br />
incubator, The parents were given a chicken egg to incubate. The chicken egg was replaced by the<br />
crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> egg once the latter egg was internally pipped. The egg was accepted by the parents;<br />
the chick hatched and was successfully reared. In a later nesting attempt a chick three days of age<br />
was found dead with a its skin torn open. In still another nesting attempt a chick seven days of age<br />
was found dangling, caught on the side of the nest. The keepers returned it to the nest and the chick<br />
was reared without further problems.<br />
The nest was being observed by time lapse video during the last two incidences. It could be<br />
established that the accidents occurred when the female relieved the male for nest duty. Analysis of<br />
many nest exchanges between the pair revealed that intra-individual behaviour while getting on and<br />
off the nest was invariable, and that the two birds used almost opposite positions on the nest from<br />
each other to gain access and to vacate the nest. However, while the female backed off of the nest<br />
when she departed, the male turned in the nest before leaving the site. The accidents appear to have<br />
occurred as the male turned in the nest upon leaving. The placement of the nest in relation to<br />
perching availability and to the walls may have been the reason for difference in the two birds<br />
behaviour.<br />
The toenails of the male were abnormally long at the time of the above mentioned accidents, a<br />
condition that may very well have played a role in the occurrence in these accidents. Casual<br />
observations have indicated that many crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s in captivity tend to develop over-long<br />
toenails, possibly contributing to the high rates of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> egg breakage (almost 25% of<br />
369 eggs during 1988-1992) and chick mortality (c. 50%) in European facilities. Causes of<br />
abnormally long nails (e.g. too soft a substrate) should be studied and the condition rectified to the<br />
extent possible.<br />
A study of nest site characteristics, particulary concerning accessibility (ease with which the parents<br />
can approach and depart), and associated parental behaviour would be useful in establishing<br />
whether the problems observed here are more widespread. The <strong>number</strong> and suitability of perches<br />
adjacent to the nest, the proximity of the nest to the perches and to the wall as well as nest depth<br />
are considered particularly relevant.<br />
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3.6 DEVELOPMENT AND FEEDING OF A NESTLING<br />
SCH<strong>EEP</strong>MAKER'S CROWNED PIGEON<br />
C. E. King, J. Nijboer and T. Wiersma<br />
Morphological development and crop contents of a parent reared Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong><br />
chick, hatched 17 November 1993 (ISIS 403485, <strong>EEP</strong> studbook nr. 9305) were examined every two<br />
to three days from five days until 30 days of age (12 samples in total) at Rotterdam Zoo.<br />
Procedure<br />
The chick was removed from the nest by one of the area bird keepers. The crop of the chick was<br />
first palpated and an external visual inspection made to determine how full the crop was. Crop<br />
fullness was recorded using a scale of 0 to 4: 0- entirely empty, 1- a small amount of food present,<br />
2- lateral crop walls can still be touched against each other, 3- lateral crop walls can not be touched<br />
against each other but crop not fully distended, 4- crop fully distended. The consistency and<br />
composition of the crop contents (e.g. percentage water, seed, soft food) were estimated and<br />
described. Consistency was to be determined as: 0- watery, 1- soupy, 2- yoghurt-like, 3- a small<br />
amount of moisture, 4- solid.<br />
Crop samples were taken by gently inserting a c. 15 cm long soft rubber tube down the throat into<br />
the crop region. The tube had an internal diameter of 3 mm, an external diameter 5 mm, and the<br />
distal end was softly rounded by holding it for a short time above an open flame. Care was taken to<br />
place the end of the tube in the center of the crop rather than against the crop wall. Gentle suction<br />
was applied by sucking on the proximate end of the tube until c. 5-7 cm of the distal portion of the<br />
tube was filled with the crop contents.<br />
A visual inspection of the consistency of the sample and its constituents was made. The sample was<br />
smelled to determine degree of "sourness", and the pH was determined on four occasions. The crop<br />
samples were stored at -22 ΕC and at the end of 1994 were analyzed at the CLO Institute for<br />
Animal Nutrition in Leylestad, The Netherlands. The Berntrop method was used to determine fat<br />
content and the Kjedahl method was used for protein determination.<br />
Although it was considered preferable to sample the crop immediately after a feeding in order to get<br />
the most accurate representation of what was fed to the chick, this was rarely possible due to time<br />
constraints. With the exception of the last inspection, undertaken when the chick was 30 days of<br />
age, the length of time since the most recent feeding was unknown. On this last occasion less than<br />
15 minutes had elapsed since the most recent feeding. 12:15 was otherwise chosen for inspection,<br />
as previous studies of nestling feeding patterns of this particular pair of Scheepmaker's crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s (C. King, unpubl. data) indicated that the chick was likely to be recently fed at this time.<br />
In accordance with recommendations for measuring growth of mourning doves Zenaida macroura<br />
(Holcomb and Jaeger, 1978), tarsus length, tomium length and length of the second primary flight<br />
feather (when present) were measured during each examination.<br />
The squab was additionally weighed, and photographs were made to document plumage<br />
development.<br />
The behaviour of the parents and chick before, during and after the sampling procedure and the<br />
length of time that it took for the parents to again brood the chick was recorded on each occasion.<br />
Figure 1: Measurements taken on the nestling Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong><br />
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Additionally, a single crop sample from another Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> 3.5 days of age<br />
(ISIS 403224, <strong>EEP</strong> studbook nr. 9306) hatched by the same parents on 11 May 1993 was analyzed.<br />
The chick had been accidentally killed at this age, and the body was refrigerated for two days<br />
before the crop contents were removed. Chemical analysis of the contents was performed at<br />
Nutricia N.V. (a baby food manufacturer) in Zoetermeer, The Netherlands.<br />
Results<br />
The chick died at 33 days of age on 20 December, the day after fledging. It apparently had become<br />
too chilled sitting on the ground and was unable to return to the ca. 2 m high nest. Special attention<br />
was paid to the appearance of the digestive tract during the post mortem examination to determine<br />
whether the crop sampling had injured the bird in any way. There was no indication that the bird<br />
had been harmed by the procedure. The bird was determined to be a female during necropsy.<br />
The male was always on the nest when the chick was removed for inspection and crop content<br />
sampling. Sometimes the female jumped on the nest as well when the investigators entered the<br />
vicinity. On two occasions, when the chick was 12 and 16 days of age, the male attempted to strike<br />
the keeper with his wings during removal of the squab, but generally he, and the female if also on<br />
the nest, flew off the nest when the door (ca 2 m from the nest) was entered.<br />
The male and/or the female was sometimes on the nest when the chick was returned. The parent(s)<br />
generally flew off the nest as the keeper closely approached, but it never took more than one minute<br />
for the parent(s) to return and begin brooding the chick. The female sometimes began brooding the<br />
chick first upon its return, but then the male later took over.<br />
The parents clumsily flew around during the first few examinations, hitting the wire, but thereafter<br />
responded more calmly with the exception of the ninth inspection when the chick was 23 days of<br />
age and someone entered the cage to make photographs of the nest just after the chick was returned.<br />
This alarmed the parents, they flew off the nest and inadvertently knocked the chick to the ground.<br />
Fortunately the chick was unharmed.<br />
The chick generally had more food in its crop at the time of inspection during the first half of the<br />
nestling period than during the second half: the average crop fullness on a scale of 0 to 4 was 2.7<br />
(S.D.=1.3, n=6) between days 5 and 16 and 1.5 (S.D.=0.7, n=6) between days 19 and 30 (Table 1).<br />
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Table 1. Crop fullness and percent of crop contents as seed during sampling of a<br />
Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chick (9305) from 5 to 30 days of age and 33<br />
days of age post mortem (PM).<br />
┌────────┬─────────┬────────────────┬────────┐<br />
│Obs Nr. │ Age │ Crop Fullness │ % Seed│<br />
├────────┼─────────┼────────────────┼────────┤<br />
│ 1 │ 5 │ 3.5 │
Figure 2: Nutritional analysis of Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> crop contents<br />
Dry matter is shown as a percentage of total volume; protein, fat and sugars and ash are shown as<br />
percentages of dry matter.<br />
Figure 3: Trends in nutritional values of Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> crop contents<br />
Dry matter is shown as a percentage of total volume; protein, fat and sugars and ash are shown as<br />
percentages of dry matter.<br />
Nutritional values of the single crop sample from the other Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> squab<br />
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(9306) are shown in Table 2.<br />
Table 2: Nutritional analysis of crop contents of a Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> squab<br />
3.5 days of age.<br />
┌─────────────────────────────┬────────┐<br />
│ Dry matter 37,65 % │ │<br />
├─────────────────────────────┼────────┤<br />
│ As percentage of dry matter:│ │<br />
│ Crude protein │ 49.9 │<br />
│ Crude fat │ 43.3 │<br />
│ Carbohydrates and ash │ 6.9 │<br />
│ Ca │ 0.85 │<br />
│ P │ 0.93 │<br />
│ Cl │ 0.90 │<br />
│ Na │ 0.34 │<br />
│ Mg │ 0.06 │<br />
│ K │ 0.03 │<br />
└─────────────────────────────┴────────┘<br />
Growth of the Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chick 9305 by weight is shown in Section 3.4, Figure<br />
1; and other morphological measurements are presented here in Figure 4.<br />
Figure 4: Growth measurements of a Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong><br />
Conclusions and Discussion<br />
Weight increase of the squab followed here is in line with that recorded at National Zoo for a parent<br />
reared sibling male and female G. cristata hatched 16 January 1989 and 9 June 1989 respectively<br />
(see section 3.4, Figure 1).<br />
Growth of the Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chick was also recorded using other measurements<br />
besides weight gain, as crop contents in studies of weight gain in hand rearing trials with C. livia at<br />
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Rotterdam Zoo sometimes comprised half of the weight of a squab. Two different measurements<br />
were used for tarsus, these generally correlated well.<br />
There was no trend observed toward an increasing amount of seed or other adult food items being<br />
fed to the chick by the parents with increasing nestling age; the sample at 30 days in which seed<br />
was estimated at 5% of crop contents was made not only just after the chick had been fed but also<br />
soon after the parents themselves had recently eaten. As a substantial portion of the crowned <strong>pigeon</strong><br />
diet at Rotterdam Zoo consists of "soft food", it was surprising that no "soft food" items were<br />
recognizable in the crop contents. Perhaps these were dissolved the "liquid" portion of the crop<br />
contents.<br />
Some 40% of the chick's stomach contents was estimated to be seeds during the post mortem<br />
examination while only 5% of the crop sample at this time was estimated to contain seeds. It is<br />
possible that the chick picked up some or most of the seed on its own, as it had recently fledged. It<br />
is assumed that seed would take longer to digest than would crop milk, if it could be digested at all<br />
at this age.<br />
As most of the diet appeared to be comprised of crop milk it was not surprising that levels of fat,<br />
protein, carbohydrates and ash as percentage of dry matter did not vary greatly throughout the<br />
nestling period. Although percent dry matter was 14% at day 5 in this series of observations (rising<br />
to 37% at day 30), percent dry matter was 37.7% at 3.5 days of age the one sample of the crop<br />
contents of the other chick (9306) shown in Table 2. It may be that percent dry matter did not vary<br />
that much, but that the level found in the sample was dependent on stage of absorption.<br />
The suggestion here that crop milk comprises most of the diet fed to a crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> by its<br />
parents, even possibly after fledging, is supported by an observation from R. Roosen (pers. comm).<br />
He noted that a G. victoria chick still received crop milk at 35 days of age, as the crop milk could<br />
be seen trickling down the side of the chick's bill during a feeding session. Nonetheless, more data<br />
are needed to confirm whether this is a feeding pattern characteristic of Goura.<br />
Although it has generally been observed that columbid nestlings get what the parents eat, with the<br />
addition (usually) of a little crop milk, by the time that they are half-fledged (Goodwin, 1983), the<br />
findings here are in agreement with a recent study by Bancroft and Bowman (1994).<br />
These authors suggested that crop milk constitutes a major portion of the diet throughout the<br />
nestling period of frugivorous columbids and that frugivorous species continue to supplement the<br />
diet of their young with crop milk even after the young have fledged, based on a dietary study of<br />
nestling White-crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s Columba leucocephala.<br />
It is suggested that by Bancroft and Bowman (1994) that this feeding pattern is an adaptation to a<br />
lower protein level in a frugivorous diet in comparison to a graniverous diet. It is known that<br />
different types of columbids have different growth patterns (e.g. Robertson, 1988), it would also not<br />
be surprising that they would also have feeding strategies adopted to their particular growth<br />
requirements. As most artificial rearing protocols are based on knowledge of C. livia, which usually<br />
does indeed begin feeding seeds and other adult food items to its chicks within the first week of<br />
age. It may be that this dietary difference has made it difficult to adapt rearing strategies for C. livia<br />
to crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
Although the fact that the crop was usually fuller at the time of inspection during the first half of the<br />
nestling period may have been due to chance cannot be excluded, it is thought that the parents kept<br />
the crop fuller during the first part of the nestling period, as at day 30 the crop<br />
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fullness was only registered as "1" despite the fact that the chick had been fed within the last 15<br />
minutes. Feeding frequency and amount fed are possibly important considerations in development<br />
of hand rearing techniques.<br />
In view of the extensive nestling period of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s, it may be that differences in aspects of<br />
parental care in addition to feeding may also be important in developing sound alternative rearing<br />
methods. For example, it has been found that Mauritius pink <strong>pigeon</strong>s Columba mayeri foster reared<br />
by the more quickly developing ringed doves Streptopelia risoria develop better when kept in a<br />
very warm room. This is because the foster parents leave the Mauritius chick uncovered at an<br />
earlier age than what the chick would experience with parent rearing (C.R. Lind, pers. comm.).<br />
It was not surprising that the male was always on the nest at the time of examination, as male<br />
columbids normally incubate from mid morning until one to three hours before dusk (Goodwin,<br />
1983). The parents became markedly calmer after the examination procedure was carried out a<br />
couple of times. There was no indication that the apparently accidental death of the chick was a<br />
result of parental neglect, or that parental care towards the chick was altered because of the study,<br />
based on casual observations and time of fledging. The chick fledged during the winter on 19<br />
December; it is thought that a draft from the door leading to the outside enclosure simply made the<br />
inexperienced chick too cold to fly up to the nest.<br />
Observations of nesting behaviour of these parents indicate that their parental behaviour is quite<br />
hard-wired, thus it would not be expected that they would brood the chick on the ground. This is in<br />
fact a somewhat similar problem to that mentioned above regarding fostering of Mauritius pink<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s to ring doves, in which the age of the chick at which the ring doves leave the chick<br />
uncovered appears to be hard-wired rather than based on individual needs of the chick.<br />
The accidental death of the other Scheepmaker's crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> chick for which the crop contents<br />
were analyzed (<strong>EEP</strong> studbook <strong>number</strong> 9306) during a nest exchange (see husbandry research<br />
section) was apparently not noticed by the parents for some time, as their behaviour proceeded as<br />
normal for a couple of hours. This is considered a further demonstration of the inflexibility of their<br />
behaviour.<br />
References<br />
Bancroft, G.T. and R. Bowman. 1994. Temporal patterns in diet of nestling White-crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s: implications for conservation of frugivorous columbids. Auk 111(4):844-852.<br />
Goodwin, D. 1983. Pigeons and Doves of the World. Cornell University Press, Ithaca.<br />
Holcomb, L.C. and M. Jaeger. 1978. Growth and calculation of age in mourning dove nestlings. J.<br />
Wildl. Manage. 42(4):843-844.<br />
Robertson, H.A. 1988. Interspecific variation in growth of British <strong>pigeon</strong>s Columbidae. Ibis<br />
130:261-267.<br />
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3.7 A FIELD ASSESSMENT OF THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF CROWNED<br />
PIGEONS Goura spp. AND BIRDS-OF-PARADISE Paradisaea spp. IN IRIAN JAYA,<br />
INDONESIA<br />
A proposal for an eleven month field project has been developed by the IUCN/SSC Trade Specialist<br />
Group in support of the CITES Significant Trade Project. Sections of the proposal have been<br />
reproduced below. The total budget requested is US$79,740. To date US$16,600 has been raised.<br />
As absolutely no attempts have been made to establish the status of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s and little is<br />
known about their life history, this project would be very useful.<br />
Project Abstract<br />
The three species of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s, Goura cristata, G. victoria and G. scheepmakeri are<br />
spectacular terrestrial birds that are endemic to New Guinea and some of its satellite islands, where<br />
they inhabit lowland forests. They are hunted for food, sport and plumes and are caught for trade in<br />
most accessible parts of their range and have been extirpated from areas near human habitation.<br />
There is growing concern that, as development proceeds in New Guinea, these magnificent birds<br />
will disappear from areas that are unprotected. Ornithologists familiar with New Guinea believe<br />
that Goura <strong>pigeon</strong>s are among the most threatened birds in Melanesia.<br />
Goura are protected from commercial trade by legislation in both Indonesia and Papua New<br />
Guinea. All three species have considerable commercial value and are prized by aviculturists<br />
throughout the world. In view of the recent proliferation of bird parks in Southeast Asian countries,<br />
the demand for Goura may now be increasing: in 1992, large <strong>number</strong>s were observed at parks in<br />
Asia. As a result of concerns about the possible impact of this trade, Goura cristata was included in<br />
the 1991 list of CITES Significant Trade species.<br />
Very little is known about Goura <strong>pigeon</strong>s. In order to assure the survival of Goura, it is essential<br />
that more information be collected on their population distribution, habitat requirements, diet,<br />
breeding requirements and seasonality, movements. This project proposes to investigate these<br />
parameters, for two of the species, Goura cristata and G. victoria, during seven to eight months of<br />
field work in Irian Jaya. This information would assist in the preparation of conservation and<br />
management recommendations, and may also benefit the management of captive populations, hence<br />
reducing the demand for wild birds. Although many hundreds of Goura have entered international<br />
trade, captive population trends indicate an overall decline in <strong>number</strong>s. hence, the maintenance of<br />
captive populations in many institutions presumably relies on the import of wild-caught birds.<br />
Little is known about the trade in bird-of-paradise skins in Indonesia, which is largely directed to<br />
satisfy the demands of the domestic market. In Indonesia, skins of birds-of-paradise, in particular<br />
those of the genus Paradisaea, are bartered or used as a form of currency. These birds-of-paradise<br />
are thought to be relatively common in most parts of their range, but since their present status and<br />
levels of exploitation are undocumented, it would seem appropriate to collect as much information<br />
on those species that are exploited during the course of surveys for Goura <strong>pigeon</strong>s, which occupy<br />
much the same range in terms of both habitat types and altitude.<br />
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Project Objectives<br />
The primary objectives of this project will be to:<br />
Assess the present distribution and status of Goura<br />
cristata and Goura victoria in Irian Jaya, and to estimate minimum and maximum population sizes,<br />
based on population densities in different habitats and under different levels of exploitation, and a<br />
assessment of the extent of different habitats;<br />
Investigate the trade and hunting in Goura in order to quantify levels of exploitation, post-capture<br />
mortality rates and the source areas of birds in trade;<br />
Provide recommendations for the management and conservation of Goura;<br />
Establish the methodology, base-line data and a framework for long-term monitoring of Goura<br />
populations in New Guinea;<br />
Provide training to Indonesian scientists and field personnel; and<br />
Make a provisional assessment of the status of and extent of trade in birds-of-paradise of the genus<br />
Paradisaea.<br />
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INTRODUCTION<br />
3.8 NUTRITION OF CROWNED PIGEONS<br />
A. Hallebeek and J. Nijboer<br />
Little is known about feeding habits and specific nutritional needs of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s (Goura sp.).<br />
It is known from observations in New Guinea that these birds eat various fruits and seeds (Rand,<br />
1967; Bell, 1982), however more specific information on the natural diet is not available. Nutritional<br />
recommendations for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s, as for any group of animals, should be based upon<br />
scientific knowledge if possible. As this knowledge is not available for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s,<br />
information on the nutritional requirements for poultry published by the National Research Council<br />
(NRC, 1984) and data for other avian species (Robbins, 1993; Holsheimer, 1980; Meyer, 1993) can<br />
be drawn on to formulate dietary recommendations.<br />
<strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong>s appear to be more frugivorous than their better studied relative the domestic<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>. Much more is known concerning the nutritional requirements of the latter columbiform.<br />
The domestic <strong>pigeon</strong> Columba livia is considered to be graniverous, and is commonly fed a mixture<br />
of grains, seeds and legumes. Grains and seeds primarily provide carbohydrates, seeds have a high<br />
fat-content and legumes serve as a protein source (Meyer, 1993).<br />
Energy Requirements<br />
Generally, food intake of birds fed free choice is equivalent to their energy requirements.<br />
Consequently, it is possible to regulate the intake of all nutrients by including them in the diet in<br />
specific ratios to available energy. The most common measurement of available energy in poultry<br />
nutrition is metabolizable energy (ME); this measurement can also be applied to <strong>pigeon</strong>s, including<br />
crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s. Hereafter in the article the metabolizable energy per kg dry matter of food ration<br />
will be denoted as "ME-kg-DM".<br />
Daily energy requirements depend on the basal metabolism rate, daily activity, thermoregulation<br />
and heat increment of feeding. The daily energy requirements for maintenance of chickens of one,<br />
two and three kg body weight with low, medium and high activity levels during exposure to four<br />
different ambient temperatures are listed in Table 1 in kilojoules (kJ).<br />
(1000 kilojoules (kJ) = 1 Megajoule (MJ) = 238 kilocalories (kcal); 1 kcal = 4.2 kJ)<br />
Table 1: Daily energy requirements for birds with body weights of one, two or three kg<br />
exposed to ambient temperatures of 0ΕC, 10ΕC, 15ΕC and 20ΕC (Holsheimer,<br />
1980).<br />
kg<br />
Low Activity kJ Medium Activity kJ High Activity kJ<br />
0Ε 10Ε 15Ε 20Ε 0Ε 10Ε 15Ε 20Ε 0Ε 10Ε 15Ε 20Ε<br />
1 837 753 711 669 1117 1004 950 891 1674 1506 1423 1339<br />
2 1406 1268 1197 1125 1879 1690 1594 1502 2816 2536 2393 2251<br />
3 1905 1716 1622 1527 2542 2289 2161 2036 3817 3435 3243 3051<br />
The energy requirement for broiler chickens from 6-8 weeks is 14.9 MJ ME-kg-DM/day, for laying<br />
hens it is 13.5 MJ ME-kg-DM/day, for turkeys 13.0-15.4 MJ ME-kg-DM/day and for pheasants it is<br />
12.6-13.0 MJ ME-kg-DM/day (NRC, 1984).<br />
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Protein Requirements<br />
Proteins are composed of different amino acids. It is well recognized that amino acid requirements<br />
for poultry are positively related to the rate of growth and intensity of egg production. Adult males<br />
have a very low requirement in comparison to laying hens, even though body size of males is<br />
actually greater and feeding consumption is about the same.<br />
The daily protein requirement in crude protein (CP) for birds is 2.29 - 1.69 g CP/kg BW 0.75 , where<br />
BW = body weight (Holsheimer, 1980; Robbins, 1993). It is believed that the percentage protein<br />
should be raised in warmer environments and lowered in colder environments, in accordance to<br />
expected differences in feed/energy intake, so that a certain daily intake of amino acids is assured.<br />
The requirements of protein and amino acids for some galliforms are listed in Table 2 and 3.<br />
Table 2: Energy and Crude Protein requirements of some gallinaceous birds of various<br />
ages for growth, maintenance or production (NRC,1984)<br />
Chicken<br />
broiler<br />
Age MJ/<br />
ME-kg-DM a<br />
g/MJ b %CP<br />
ME-kg-DM c<br />
6-8 wks 14.9 13.4 20<br />
Laying chicken 13.5 11.9 16<br />
Turkey 0-4 wks 13.0 23.9 31<br />
4-8 wks 13.5 21.4 29<br />
8-12 wks 13.9 17.6 24<br />
12-16 wks 14.4 14.7 21<br />
16-20 wks 14.9 12.3 18<br />
20-24 wks 15.4 10.1 15<br />
adult 13.5 9.9 13<br />
laying hen 13.5 11.6 14<br />
Pheasant 0-6 wks 13.0 25.6 33<br />
6-20 wks 12.6 14.1 18<br />
a : Energy requirements of some galliforms at different ages in MJ/ME-kg-DM<br />
b : Amount of protein in grams that 1 MJ should contain<br />
c : Percentage of Crude Protein that 1 kg-DM should contain (= MJ/kg DM X g/MJ = g/ME-kg-DM<br />
: 10).<br />
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Table 3: Amino acid requirements for laying chicken hens (13.5 MJ ME-kg-DM), broiler<br />
chickens six to eight weeks of age (14.9 MJ ME-kg-DM) and non-reproductive<br />
adult turkeys (13.5 MJ ME-kg-DM) in g/MJ (NRC, 1984).<br />
Broilers 6-8 wks<br />
in grams<br />
Laying hens<br />
grams<br />
Turkeys<br />
grams<br />
Arginine 0.74 0.56 0.49<br />
Histidine 0.19 0.13 0.21<br />
Isoleucine 0.45 0.41 0.37<br />
Leucine 0.74 0.60 0.41<br />
Lysine 0.63 0.53 0.41<br />
Methionine<br />
+cystine<br />
0.45 0.45 0.32<br />
Methionine 0.24 0.26 0.16<br />
Phenylalanine+tyrosine<br />
0.74 0.66 0.66<br />
Phenylalani-ne 0.40 0.33 0.33<br />
Threonine 0.51 0.37 0.33<br />
Tryptophan 0.13 0.12 0.08<br />
Valine 0.46 0.45 0.41<br />
Vitamin and mineral requirements<br />
Vitamins are generally classified in two categories: fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) and watersoluble<br />
vitamins (B-complex and vitamin C). Vitamin C is synthesized by poultry and is<br />
accordingly not considered as a required dietary nutrient. As the caeca (appendices) of the<br />
gastrointestinal tract of <strong>pigeon</strong>s are rudimentary, the production of B-complex vitamins that occurs<br />
may be insufficient. Diets fed to domestic <strong>pigeon</strong>s are generally supplemented with Vitamins A, D,<br />
B6 and B12 (Meyer, 1993).<br />
Some recommended vitamin and mineral levels for domestic <strong>pigeon</strong>s and poultry are provided in<br />
Table 4. Minerals are required for the formation of the skeleton, as parts of hormones or as<br />
activators of enzymes and for the proper maintenance of necessary osmotic relationships within the<br />
body of the bird.<br />
Pigeons<br />
Protein levels of mixtures fed to domestic <strong>pigeon</strong>s average 11.7 g CP MJ ME-kg-DM during the<br />
breeding season, and 9.8 g CP/MJ ME-kg-DM during the winter, while the energy content of the<br />
mixtures is more or less the same 11.8 - 12.6 MJ ME-kg-DM. The mixtures are to be supplemented<br />
with vitamin A, D, B6 and B12 (Meyer, 1993).<br />
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Table 4: Recommended vitamin & mineral dietary levels for <strong>pigeon</strong>s & poultry,<br />
calculated per MJ ME-kg-DM.<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong> a <strong>pigeon</strong> b broiler 6-8<br />
wks c1<br />
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laying<br />
hen c2<br />
Vit A (IU) 143 400 112 329 329<br />
Vit D (IU) 35.9 90 15 74 74<br />
Vit E (IU) 0.96 2 0,74 0.82 0.82<br />
Vit K (mg) 0.05<br />
Vit B1 (mg) 0.17 0.2 0.13 0.16 0.16<br />
Vit B2 (mg) 0.36 0.24 0.27 0.21 0.21<br />
Vit B6 (mg) 0.31 0.24 0.19 0.37 0.25<br />
Vit B12 (mg) 0.86 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.22<br />
turkey c3<br />
Biotin (mg) 0.01 0.0074 0.012 0.008<br />
Niacin (B3) (mg) 2.4 2.4 0.82 0.82 3.3<br />
Folacin (mg) 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.06<br />
Panto-acid (B5)<br />
(mg)<br />
1.67 0.72 0.74 0.82 0.74<br />
Choline (mg) 112.3 70 37.3 65.9<br />
Ca (g) 0.5-0.8 0.8 0.6 2.8 0.4<br />
Cl (mg) 70<br />
K (g) 0.19 0.22 0.12 0.33<br />
Mg (mg) 50 40 40 0.05<br />
Na (g) 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.1<br />
P (g) 0.29-0.38 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2<br />
Co (mg) 0.0095<br />
Fe (mg) 7.2 6 4.9 4.1<br />
I (mg) 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03<br />
Cu (mg) 0.33 0.6 0.7 4.9<br />
Mn (mg) 4.9 4.5 4.9 4.9<br />
Se (mg) 0.0096 0.01 0.008 0.02<br />
Zn (mg) 3.6 3.0 5.4 3.3<br />
Ca : P 2:1 1:1-3:1 2:1 9.3:1 2:1<br />
a Holsheimer (1980): Requirements for growth and breeding.<br />
b H.Meyer (1993): Maintenance requirements for <strong>pigeon</strong>s, diet with 10 MJ ME-kg-DM feed.<br />
c1 NRC (1984): Broilers 6-8 wks, 14.9 MJ ME-kg-DM feed.<br />
c2 NRC (1984): Laying hen, 13.5 MJ ME-kg-DM feed.
c3 NRC (1984): Turkey maintenance, 13.5 MJ ME-kg-DM feed.<br />
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Poultry versus <strong>pigeon</strong>s<br />
Amino acid recommendations for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s are given in Table 5 and vitamin and mineral<br />
recommendations in Table 6. The calcium requirement for laying hens is determined by the eggproduction.<br />
The recommended calcium level for non-breeding <strong>pigeon</strong>s is 0.8 g/MJ ME-kg-DM<br />
(Meyer, 1993), however a level of 1.0 g/MJ ME-kg-DM seems more appropriate during the<br />
breeding season. It is important that the calcium to phosphorous ratio (Ca:P) is between 1:1 - 3:1<br />
(for laying hens 3:1 is preferred).<br />
The high zinc (Zn) recommendation for laying chicken hens might not be necessary for crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s, and it is thought that levels suggested for turkeys would be more appropriate.<br />
Contrarily, the recommended level of copper (Cu) for turkeys is very high, the lower level<br />
suggested for laying hen is possibly better for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
The niacin recommendations for growing turkeys, pheasants and geese appears to be higher than for<br />
chickens; high niacin levels were also recommended by Meyer (1993) and Holsheimer (1980) for<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
The results of a questionnaire diet survey (<strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> nutrition survey : see 3.9) showed that a<br />
great variety of diets has been given to crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s in Europe.<br />
The energy contents of the diets lay between 5.9-10.6 MJ ME-kg-DM. The Crude Protein was<br />
between 13.2-39.9 g/MJ ME-kg-DM. The vitamin and mineral content of the diets also varied<br />
widely. Many diets were low in biotin, niacin, calcium, manganese and zinc. Other vitamins or<br />
minerals were also possibly too low in one or more diets. The conclusion drawn from the survey<br />
was that, considering the disappointing breeding results, more attention should be given to the diets<br />
of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
CROWNED PIGEON FEEDING RECOMMENDATIONS<br />
Because most crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s are fed ad libitum, calculation of recommendations in MJ ME is<br />
most useful. Diets must be suitable for both males and females, as pairs are generally fed together.<br />
Although some recommendations are given for breeding and non-breeding periods, crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s in any facilities do breed year round, and thus pairs of adult birds should be constantly<br />
offered a breeding diet.<br />
Suggested crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> diet nutrient levels<br />
Energy: 11 - 15 MJ ME-kg-DM (=2600 - 3750 kcal ME-kg-DM)<br />
Protein: Maintenance 9-11 g CP/MJ (=37.8 - 46.2 g CP / 1000 kcal)<br />
Reproduction 11-14 g CP/MJ (=46.2 - 58.8 g CP / 1000 kcal)<br />
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Table 5: Recommended amino acid range for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s in grams (based on Table<br />
3; diet containing 13.5 - 14.9 MJ ME-kg DM (3214 - 3547 kcal/ ME-kg-DM)).<br />
┌────────────────────────────────────────┐<br />
│Arginine 0.49 - 0.74 │<br />
│Histidine 0.14 - 0.21 │<br />
│Isoleucine 0.37 - 0.45 │<br />
│Leucine 0.41 - 0.74 │<br />
│Lysine 0.41 - 0.63 │<br />
│Methionine+cystine 0.32 - 0.45 │<br />
│Methionine 0.16 - 0.26 │<br />
│Phenylalanine+tyrosine 0.66 - 0.74 │<br />
│Phenylalanine 0.33 - 0.40 │<br />
│Threonine 0.33 - 0.51 │<br />
│Tryptophan 0.08 - 0.13 │<br />
│Valine 0.41 - 0.46 │<br />
└────────────────────────────────────────┘<br />
Table 6: Suggested vitamin and mineral levels for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s calculated per MJ<br />
based on laying hens and turkeys (NRC, 1984)<br />
┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐<br />
│ Reproduction Maintenance │<br />
│ Vit A (IU) 329 329 │<br />
│ Vit D (IU) 74 74 │<br />
│ Vit E (IU) 0.82 0.82 │<br />
│ Vit B1 (mg) 0.16 0.16 │<br />
│ Vit B2 (mg) 0.21 0.21 │<br />
│ Vit B6 (mg) 0.37 0.25 │<br />
│ Vit B12 (mg) 0.3 0.22 │<br />
│ Biotin (mg) 0.01 0.008 │<br />
│ Niacin (B3) (mg) 2.14 2.14 │<br />
│ Folacin (mg) 0.03 0.06 │<br />
│ Panto-acid (B5) (mg) 0.82 0.74 │<br />
│ Choline (mg) 70 65.9 │<br />
│ Ca (g) 1.0 1.0 │<br />
│ K (g) 0.12 0.33 │<br />
│ Mg (mg) 40 0.05 │<br />
│ Na (g) 0.12 0.1 │<br />
│ P (g) 0.3 0.2 │<br />
│ Fe (mg) 4.9 4.1 │<br />
│ I (mg) 0.03 0.03 │<br />
│ Cu (mg) 0.7 0.7 │<br />
│ Mn (mg) 4.9 4.9 │<br />
│ Se (mg) 0.008 0.02 │<br />
│ Zn (mg) 3.3 3.3 │<br />
╞════════════════════════════════════════════════════╡<br />
│ Ca : P 1:1-3:1 2:1 │<br />
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘<br />
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LITERATURE<br />
Bell H.L.: A bird community of lowland rainforest in New Guinea. 1 Composition and density of<br />
the avifauna. Emu; 82 1982.<br />
Holsheimer J.P.: Voeding van vogels. Thieme & cie. Zutphen 1980.<br />
Meyer H. Bronsch K. Leibetseder J.: Supplementen zu vollesung und Übungen in der Tierernährung<br />
8. überarbeitete Auflage. Verlag M&H. Schaper Alfeld-Hannover 1993.<br />
National Research Council (NRC): Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. National Academy of<br />
Sciences Washington DC 1994<br />
Rand A.L. Gilliard E.T.: Handbook of New Guinea Birds. Weidenfeld and Nicolson London 1967.<br />
Robbins Ch. T.: Wildlife feeding and nutrition. 2nd ed. Ed.T.J.Cunha. Academic Press Inc. San<br />
Diego California 1993.<br />
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3.9 CROWNED PIGEON NUTRITION SURVEY<br />
A. Hallebeek and J. Nijboer<br />
A questionnaire to ascertain composition of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> diets was sent to all <strong>EEP</strong> participants<br />
in 1995. Eighteen responses were received, from these 14 had enough data to be included in the<br />
analyses. A summary of the findings and conclusions is provided here.<br />
Foodstuffs Used in <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon Diets<br />
The ingredients included in the 18 diets are listed below. The <strong>number</strong> in brackets after an item<br />
indicates the <strong>number</strong> of diets that the item appeared in.<br />
Fruit: unidentified (6), apple (9), pear (3), banana (6), raisin (2), tropical fruit mix (1),<br />
orange (2), kiwi (2), strawberry (1), grapefruit (1), berry (2), grape (2), melon (1),<br />
plum (1)<br />
Vege- unidentified (2), tomato (3), cucumber (2), carrot (3),<br />
tables: endive (1), lettuce (2)<br />
Bread/ rice (7), grain mixture (7), sunflower seed (4),<br />
Starch: corn(6), bread (1), potato (1), lentil (1), wheat (3), dried grass mix (1), pea (1),<br />
millet (1), oat (1)<br />
Meat/ boiled egg (5), mealworm (3), cottage cheese, curd (2),<br />
Dairy: tofu (1), cooked meat (1), 1-day old broiler chicken (1), shrimp (1), fish (1),<br />
cheese (1), horse meat (1), minced meat (1)<br />
Commer- pheasant (2), insectivorous-softbill (7), <strong>pigeon</strong> (6),<br />
cial dog (5), chicken (2), canary seed (1), floating duck pellets<br />
foods (1), pheasant pellets (Galli (1), Simial (1), Gallus 3+4 (1)<br />
Home-made ingredients not specified, primarily available<br />
mixture: for another group of birds (5)<br />
Vitamins/ commercial mixture (6)<br />
minerals:<br />
Table 1: Range in energy (MJ ME-kg-DM), protein (CP), fat (CF 1 ), fibre (CF 2 ) and<br />
Ash (CA) of 14 analyzed diets.<br />
RANGE MEAN SD<br />
ENERGY (MJ ME-kg-DM) 5.9 - 10.7 9.4 1.4<br />
CP (g/MJ ME-kg-DM) 13.2 - 39.9 19.3 6.4<br />
CF 1 (g/MJ ME-kg-DM) 2.8 - 11.5 6.5 3.9<br />
CF 2 (g/MJ ME-kg-DM) 4.2 - 9.3 5.5 1.6<br />
CA (g/MJ ME-kg-DM) 3.4 - 7.8 4.8 4.9<br />
= Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. =
Calcium to Phosphorous ratio in the analyzed diets<br />
The ratio of calcium to phosphorus (Ca:P) is vital, especially for young poultry and presumably<br />
other growing birds. Generally, a Ca:P of about 1.2:1 is considered to be ideal. Ratios from 1:1 to<br />
1.5:1 are, however, well tolerated. A much wider ratio (4:1 or more) is appropriate for laying<br />
poultry hens. Only five of the analyzed diets had a Ca:P within the range of 1:1 to 3:1; and the other<br />
diets were low in calcium relative to phosphorous. Grit was added to one diet and an unspecified<br />
amount of vitamin mix was added to another diet; we did not include these ingredients in the analysis.<br />
Vitamins<br />
Vitamin A, D and E were present in most of the diets in levels in accordance with the National<br />
Research Council (NRC) recommendations for poultry. Birds are capable of transferring carotene<br />
into vitamin A in the gut, thus vitamin A requirements are low.<br />
The appendices of birds are rudimentary, restricting production of B-complex vitamins; it is<br />
therefore advisable to supply avian diets with the B vitamins. Biotin, niacin and choline (and<br />
sometimes also other B vitamins) were lower in many of the crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> diets than<br />
recommended by the NRC for poultry, and as poultry probably produce more B vitamins in the gut<br />
than do <strong>pigeon</strong>s, the recommendations for poultry are considered here to be too low for <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
Minerals<br />
Total amounts of calcium and phosphorus were low. Zinc and manganese were also low in most<br />
diets compared to the NRC recommendations for poultry. The copper recommendations for turkeys<br />
is higher than for chickens, and the copper requirements for <strong>pigeon</strong>s is unknown. Sodium and<br />
iodine levels were frequently present in low levels.<br />
Breeding results<br />
Seventeen of the 18 facilities returning the questionnaire held at least one pair of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s.<br />
The production of eggs varied among facilities; six facilities had no egg production at all. Average<br />
production per <strong>pigeon</strong> pair ranged between 0.5 - 7 eggs per year at the other 11 facilities; at six of<br />
these no eggs had hatched. Rearing attempts with chicks that did hatch were generally done by the<br />
parents (versus hand rearing or another option).<br />
"Best" Analyzed Diets<br />
Only five diets were more or less comparable with the NRC poultry nutritional recommendations<br />
for energy, protein, vitamins and minerals.<br />
Range from these five diets were:<br />
Energy 10.5 - 10.7 MJ ME-kg-DM<br />
Crude protein 16.7 - 19.0 g/MJ<br />
Crude fat 3.9 - 5.9 g/MJ<br />
Crude fiber 5.2 - 5.3 g/MJ<br />
Crude ash 4.9 - 7.8 g/MJ<br />
It is difficult to make general recommendations concerning diet compositions, therefore the five<br />
"best" diets are used here as examples.<br />
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DIET 1 (used during "breeding season"*):<br />
Fauna Foods; Gallus 4-150 gr, Haven's <strong>pigeon</strong> seeds;<br />
breed-150 gr<br />
* <strong>Crowned</strong> <strong>pigeon</strong> breed all year round so also in winter<br />
DIET 2 (used in "winter*"):<br />
Fauna Foods; Gallus 3 -150 gr, Havens <strong>pigeon</strong> seeds; breed-150 gr<br />
DIET 3 (used in "breeding season"*):<br />
Pellets for pheasants-1000 gr, Pigeon seeds- 375 gr<br />
Carrot- 200 gr, Apple- 200 gr, Power play (protein product 88 % crude protein, manufactured by<br />
Wander) -40 gr, Mervit Conc.LF 895- 3 gr (vitamin and mineral supplement).<br />
DIET 4 (used in "winter"*):<br />
Pellets for pheasants-1000 gr, Pigeon seeds - 500 gr, Apple - 200 gr, Carrot - 100 gr<br />
DIET 5:<br />
Fresh fruit - 350 gr, boiled rice -60 gr, boiled peas - 70 gr<br />
passerine bird food mixture 1 - 32 gr, boiled egg - 33 gr<br />
pellets for pheasants -40 gr, Vitamix - 1 gr<br />
1 : Contents of passerine bird food mixture: diced carrot (50%), boiled egg (16%), wheat bran<br />
(14%), cottage cheese curds (13%), greens (7%)<br />
Discussion and Conclusions<br />
The variety of ingredients included in the 18 crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> diets was enormous. It should be<br />
acknowledged here that the analysis do not entirely accurately reflect the diet compositions for two<br />
reasons. The gross energy had to be converted to the metabolizable energy and quantities of some<br />
ingredients were estimated, as these had not been specified. Quantities of some ingredients were<br />
unknown in more than half of the diets in which they appeared.<br />
Because a high energy concentration is required in the diet of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s, it is important to<br />
use foodstuffs/ingredients with a low water-content. Commercial foods for birds are recommended<br />
for this reason. However, crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s eat seeds and fruit in the wild, and therefore it is<br />
possibly also useful to include both of these ingredients in the diet.<br />
Protein content of many of the diets was higher than recommended for turkeys, <strong>pigeon</strong>s and laying<br />
hens. High levels of protein have been known to cause kidney problems in some other avian<br />
species. Although protein requirements for crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s are unknown, they are not expected to<br />
deviate much from those for poultry.<br />
There are no specific poultry dietary recommendations for crude fat, crude fibre or crude ash. The<br />
"Best" diets included in this summary here can be used as a guide to achieve proper levels of these<br />
nutrients. Lime, grit or dried eggshells are offered ad libitum to diets to increase calcium levels.<br />
Diets low in vitamins and/or minerals can be supplemented with a commercial vitamin/mineral mix<br />
for birds.<br />
Condition of the birds was considered to be good in all cases, although their breeding results were<br />
poor. No relationship could be found between diet quality and breeding results however. Dietary<br />
deficiencies were presumably at low enough levels that they did not result in diseases, but still may<br />
have had an undetected influence on reproduction. It is therefore recommended to alter the diets in<br />
accordance with NRC recommendations for poultry and/or the example diets provided in this<br />
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paper.<br />
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3.10 CROWNED PIGEON <strong>EEP</strong> RESEARCH PRIORITIES<br />
C. E. King and J. Nijboer<br />
Field research on crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s is viewed as a high priority, given the dearth of life history and<br />
status information concerning these birds. A goal of the <strong>EEP</strong> is to develop means to support such<br />
projects financially as well as logistically as possible.<br />
Some possible husbandry and management problems are highlighted below in this section. Potential<br />
problems need to be methodically assessed and captive research efforts directed accordingly. It is<br />
important to develop management guidelines in the coming few years based on these efforts.<br />
Sexing<br />
Rapid and accurate sex determination of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s is highly desirable. Reliability and age<br />
limitations can be tested for some potentially inexpensive and easy sexing methods, including<br />
morphology, vocalizations and cloacal examination.<br />
Husbandry and Reproduction<br />
The importance of a <strong>number</strong> of variables in successful maintenance and breeding of crowned<br />
<strong>pigeon</strong>s should be evaluated. Some examples are:<br />
* Nest site characteristics and toenail condition (as discussed in section 3.5);<br />
* Influence of social group size on mate selection and reproduction (with space availability<br />
considered an independent variable);<br />
* Relative reproductive success of indoor versus outdoor housed birds, of captive reared versus<br />
wild caught individuals, and of parent reared versus hand reared individuals; and<br />
* Reasons for apparently high infertility<br />
* Effect of time of year on initiation of breeding and likelihood of success.<br />
* Effect of length of time housed together on reproductive success of pairs.<br />
An analysis of <strong>EEP</strong> studbook data would in most cases give some indication of which of these<br />
topics warrant a more in depth study. Other management problem areas that come to light should be<br />
similarly approached, and should result in some form of management recommendations. These<br />
recommendations can be included in the comprehensive management guidelines to be developed in<br />
the next few years.<br />
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Chick Rearing<br />
Parent rearing is considered the most optimal crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> rearing method, and it is hoped that<br />
better husbandry practices will improve natural reproduction. Nevertheless, artificial rearing<br />
techniques should be refined for cases in which parent rearing is not possible or desirable.<br />
Methodology for such techniques should be made available to crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> holders as quickly as<br />
possible.<br />
It would be very useful for a <strong>number</strong> of institutions that successfully parent rear crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s to<br />
sample and analyze crop contents of squabs throughout the nestling period so that normal feeding<br />
patterns of the <strong>pigeon</strong>s can be established with some certainty.<br />
Field Research<br />
Support of the IUCN proposed project summarized in this section and development of<br />
complimentary projects are goals of the <strong>EEP</strong>. These projects are essential to assessing the status and<br />
conservation needs of crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s, and additionally would yield basic information useful in<br />
developing crowned <strong>pigeon</strong> management and husbandry guidelines.<br />
Taxonomy<br />
To date data concerning taxonomic issues are inconclusive and conflicting: initial genetic studies<br />
suggest that each of the three recognized species are indeed full species, while behaviour<br />
differences between the three are apparently subtle if present at all. Morphologically the three are<br />
distinguishable, although differences are small. Generally two subspecies of each of the three<br />
species are recognized, however distinctions are unclear. Establishing degree of taxonomic<br />
uniqueness and extent of occurrence (geographical range) of the different taxa are important in<br />
developing conservation measures and establishing conservation priorities.<br />
Behaviour<br />
Further studies on ritualized behaviours and vocalizations of the crowned <strong>pigeon</strong>s, including their<br />
ontogeny and sexual differences in their performance, would provide interesting basic information<br />
about the species, would indicate how useful they are as a sexing technique and may shed more<br />
light on taxonomic relationships.<br />
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CROWNED PIGEON<br />
BIBLIOGRAPHY<br />
4<br />
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Wetzel, D. L. The <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeons. AFA Watchbird 19(4):30-34; 1992.<br />
Wetzel, D. International <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon Studbook Goura cristata, Goura scheepmakeri, Goura<br />
victoria. Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence; 1994.<br />
Wetzel, D. International <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon Studbook Goura cristata, Goura scheepmakeri, Goura<br />
victoria. Roger Williams Park Zoo, Providence; 1995.<br />
World Conservation Monitoring Centre, IUCN/SSC Trade Specialist Group and Traffic<br />
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Appendix II. Cambridge, 1993.<br />
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(M. Fowler, ed.) pp. 439-445. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia; 1986.<br />
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS<br />
We would like to thank all the <strong>EEP</strong> participants that have provided the information on which the<br />
studbook is based. Without participant cooperation the production of such a studbook would<br />
certainly not be possible.<br />
All of the <strong>EEP</strong> participants who volunteered information beyond the standard requests are<br />
especially thanked. Contributions appearing in the studbook by parties external to the <strong>EEP</strong> are also<br />
very much appreciated. We hope that we have adequately acknowledged the sources of information<br />
throughout the studbook as appropriate.<br />
We would also like to thank Rob Belterman and A. K. Tintel for their invaluable assistance in<br />
manuscript typing, publication layout and other aspects of production of the studbook. Lastly, we<br />
would like to acknowledge the support of our employer, Rotterdam Zoo, in making this studbook<br />
and our involvement in the <strong>Crowned</strong> Pigeon <strong>EEP</strong> possible.<br />
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This <strong>EEP</strong> Studbook is entirely printed on recycled paper.<br />
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