Air Traffic Management Concept Baseline Definition - The Boeing ...

menu associated with the airport of interest. Terminal navigation is typically characterized
by moderate to high traffic densities, converging routes, and transitions in flight altitudes
that require narrow route widths. The routes are typically within the coverage of radio
navigation aids (VOR and DME/TACAN, ADF) which provide increased navigation
performance over self contained aids (i.e., IRS). Navigation while flying along a SID or
STAR may be to procedure-tuned navaids or to optimally selected navaids. Independent
surveillance is generally available to assist ATC in monitoring airplanes independently
from the ground.
The standard FMS RNAV capability provides guidance cues to the crew along predefined
procedures as illustrated on the left of Figure 5.8. It maximizes the crew’s situational
awareness through MAP/Horizontal Situation Displays in the cockpit and allows the crew
to manage its workload. In addition the system allows aircraft to consistently and
precisely fly along the predefined path such as departure or approach and landing paths.
Standard FMS Area
Nav. Departure
Flight Path
Flight Path
RNP
FMS/RNP
Flight Path
Obstacle
(or Protected Airspace)
Departure
Waypoint
Figure 5.8 Area Navigation Capabilities For Departure Procedures
With the advent of GPS and the RNP concept, significant improvements in accuracy and
availability over VOR/DME RNAV systems is obtained with lateral accuracies of 0.2 to
0.3 nm achievable in coupled flight. Coupled vertical accuracy can be justified to near
Category 1 minima. This is illustrated on the right in Figure 5.8. The RNP function
provides flight phase dependent performance with assurance provided by the containment
region around the flight path and navigation performance alerting to the crew, enabling
access to sites with natural or man-made fixtures around them. The best example of this
capability is the Alaska Airlines FMS-based departure and arrival procedures at Juneau,
Alaska. Other examples include the Eagle County Departure out of Vail, Colorado, and
the San Francisco Quiet Bridge Approach, all FMS-based procedures developed jointly by
the FAA and Air Transport Association Task Force.
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