Air Traffic Management Concept Baseline Definition - The Boeing ...

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6. Separation responsibility will remain shared between air traffic services and flight crews. In high density operations the airplane will provide a separation monitoring function. The report discusses the human factors issues that lie at the heart of most of the proposed system modernization initiatives, and makes recommendations regarding the nature and extent of the human factors involvement in the system evolution. A detailed overview of current and emerging communication, navigation and surveillance technologies is included in the report, along with an overview of aviation weather technology. The current lack of consensus in the industry on the details of the NAS modernization path are discussed in the report. The need for a disciplined systems engineering approach to the NAS evolution is detailed, with a particular focus on preliminary design activity that is essential to focus the effort on the critical mission needs. The report calls for a collaborative development and validation of the operational concept, and of the system architecture, to ensure consideration of total system performance and minimize political risk. iv
Table of Contents 1 Introduction..................................................................................................................1 1.1 Objectives..............................................................................................................1 1.2 Context..................................................................................................................2 1.3 Scope.....................................................................................................................2 1.4 Report Overview....................................................................................................3 2 The NAS ATM System Development Process...............................................................5 2.1 Air Traffic System Modernization Mandate............................................................5 2.2 Consensus Future System Development Needs.......................................................6 2.3 Systems Engineering and Preliminary Design..........................................................6 3 The ATM System Functional Structure .......................................................................26 3.1 Air Traffic Management Objectives......................................................................26 3.2 A Functional View of the Current Concept...........................................................28 3.3 A Functional View of the Proposed Concept........................................................35 3.4 Proposed CNS/ATM Technology Improvements..................................................42 3.5 Airspace and Airways...........................................................................................42 3.6 Airports ...............................................................................................................43 3.7 Flight Service Stations .........................................................................................44 4 Human Factors ...........................................................................................................45 4.1 The Search For Greater Throughput And The Demands On The Human ..............45 4.2 The Role Of Human Factors In Enabling Change .................................................45 4.3 Human Factors Issues Affecting Tactical Control .................................................48 5 Available and Emerging Technology ...........................................................................55 5.1 Introduction.........................................................................................................55 5.2 Communication....................................................................................................65 5.3 Navigation ...........................................................................................................75 5.4 Surveillance .........................................................................................................80 5.5 Aviation Weather.................................................................................................87 6 ATM Concept Baseline.............................................................................................102 6.1 Concept Transition Methodology .......................................................................102 6.2 Capacity Driven Concept Baseline......................................................................106 6.3 Concept Validation Needs..................................................................................114 v
Page 1 and 2: Air Traffic Management Concept Base
Page 3: Executive Summary This report prese
Page 7 and 8: List of Figures 2.1 System Developm
Page 9 and 10: Acronyms AAS AATT ACARS ACP ADF ADF
Page 11 and 12: KIAS LAAS LAHSO LLWAS MAC MCP MDCRS
Page 13 and 14: 1 Introduction This report presents
Page 15 and 16: unknown technology, and thus the co
Page 17 and 18: 2 The NAS ATM System Development Pr
Page 19 and 20: System Requirements & Objectives Va
Page 21 and 22: technologies needed for initial tra
Page 23 and 24: • The goals of various users are
Page 25 and 26: considerations are key to evaluatin
Page 27 and 28: Free Flight White Paper on System C
Page 29 and 30: 4.5 4.3 4 3.7 Current NAS Future NA
Page 31 and 32: elated component will increase with
Page 33 and 34: Special Committees. The paper, with
Page 35 and 36: efficiency-constraints model that i
Page 37 and 38: • Problem Statement • Alternati
Page 39 and 40: • The highly peaked nature of air
Page 41 and 42: • Sector-level flow planning Each
Page 43 and 44: • Flow managers Figure 3.3 shows
Page 45 and 46: traffic situation as it currently a
Page 47 and 48: • It is probable that the process
Page 49 and 50: 3.3. Event-based trajectory deviati
Page 51 and 52: egion takes on the order of years t
Page 53 and 54: The answer to this question is like
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Flight Schedule Flight Planning Fil
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4 Human Factors This section addres
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4.2.3 Human Factors Support For Imp
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“System designers, regulators, an
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arbitrating wherever intents confli
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aircraft-to-aircraft separation res
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5 Available and Emerging Technology
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function of all the ICPs of element
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A key concept in the definition of
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contrast, the older radars have azi
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Broadcast (ADS-B), V6.0). Individua
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is needed to develop cockpit displa
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ATC Voice Procedures Waypoint Repor
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CPC = Controller Pilot Communicatio
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TWDL = Two-Way Data Link CPDLC = Co
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the ATN ADS specification. This wil
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The airlines and the FAA have recen
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menu associated with the airport of
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8.0 NM 4.0 NM POPP PLMN 14.0 NM 30.
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The near future will probably see a
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ASR/SSR Radar Terminal Automation S
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ASR/SSR Radar Mosaic Based (Host) T
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Another group of users which can be
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and human factor elements in all fo
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ASOS AWOS TDWR NEXRAD Surface Upper
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sets as legitimate atmospheric data
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AWIPS/WFO- Advanced WARP Analysis P
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longer-term domestic and internatio
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example, the ceiling and visibility
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WARP TWIP ITWS CWIN Information Dis
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Constraints modeling can be perform
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Figure 6.4 shows a template for ill
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National Level. Improved Traffic Fl
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of flight plan management and mediu
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The component of the spacing buffer
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6.2.5 NAS Surface Figure 6.9 shows
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trades involved in this step will r
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exchange of traffic rights.” (Don
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above, the agency’s organizationa
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concepts under consideration for th
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1.2.4. A coordinated traffic flow p
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Concepts Requirements Trades Evalua
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2. Intent: The research area identi
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Acknowledgments The Boeing team wor
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Eurocontrol (1996), Meeting Europe
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Schadt, J and Rockel, B. (1996),
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Warren, A.W. (1994), “A New Metho
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Table A-1 Communication Application
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Table A-3 Communication Media Techn
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A.2 Navigation The navigation techn
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Table A-5 Navigation Processors Pro
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standardized as VDL Mode-4. Both sy
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Table A-6 Surveillance Inventory Su
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Appendix B. Global Scenario Issue T
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Issue # 2: Some Limitations of Futu
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aviation. it was agreed that ICAO
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• IPT architecture efforts are li
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Terminal Replacement System (STARS)
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5) Air Traffic Control: Complete an
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Appendix C. Comparison of FAA 2005
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Surface Movement Automation require
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Surface Movement Efficiency Table C
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Arrivals/ Departures Automation/ de
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Table C-1 Comparison of FAA 2005 an
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Table C-1 Comparison of FAA 2005 an
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Appendix D. Transition Database Thi
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Enabler Grouping Number NAS5.1 NAS5
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Enabler Grouping Number Enabler Ena
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Table D-1 Enabler Grouping Number E
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Table D-1 Enabler Grouping Number E
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Appendix E. Constraints Model Traff
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Approach Configuration - Approach P
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