Air Traffic Management Concept Baseline Definition - The Boeing ...

The RSP model described above relates the system level performance (capacity and safety)
to the sub-system performance elements for communications, navigation and surveillance
(CNS). Additionally, in an intervention ATC environment such as radar, models and
safety assessment techniques are needed to determine the impact of human performance,
together with decision support performance and CNS element performance on system
performance levels.
In Section 3 of this document, a first-cut system separation model is developed, identifying
the separation functions into: detection, response and response frequency considerations.
These provide the basis for the allocation of performance objectives to subsystem
elements, and the quantification of expected safety and system throughput levels.
2.3.5 Technology and Human Factors Analysis
A vital issue to the development of a successful new air traffic system is ensuring that
human performance capabilities and responsibilities are respected as new technologies are
deployed. The safety criticality of the system magnifies the importance of the need to
respect human performance and capabilities. Especially, in the preliminary design phase of
program development, we lack tools and methods for examining the issues of functions
and task design and allocation, and thus are unable to clearly determine which are best
done by humans and those activities which are best automated.
A number of issues explored in Section 4 of this report identify the need for developing a
comprehensive, integrated description of human behavior (both physical and cognitive) in
the system; consideration of human performance capabilities and limitations, starting at
concept definition; the need for human factors support through implementation, including
education and training requirements for transition and maintenance of new systems; and
the need to consider the entire range of possible operating condition in assessing human
performance. Specific domain issues include dependency on decision support systems;
situational awareness; and intent. Other issues identified include the need for structure
while maximizing throughput, and the problems with shared responsibility.
Current and planned technology elements are cataloged in Section 5. They are described
in terms of their potential application to air traffic services; their constituent performance,
and their expected system level, installed performance. These technologies can be
compared with the allocated technical requirements in order to trade-off the costs and
benefits of the alternatives.
2.3.6 Transition Planning and Tradeoff Analyses
A critical element of air traffic services planning is the determination of workable system
transition steps. To assess the tradeoffs of technology and operational changes, it is
necessary to develop tools and methods which organize airspace changes into workable
transitions.
The CNS/ATM Focused Team (CAFT) is a group of airlines, airframe manufacturers, and
service providers. The CAFT process is aimed at making credible investment analyses of
alternative system transitions. The analysis process is summarized in Figure 2.12. The
tools used in this process includes: (1) cost databases and forecasting tools, (2) a capacity-
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