PSY 250 Abnormal Psychology Review Test Chapters 4, 10, and 5
PSY 250 Abnormal Psychology Review Test Chapters 4, 10, and 5
PSY 250 Abnormal Psychology Review Test Chapters 4, 10, and 5
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<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
1. In addition to providing possible explanations for psychological disorders, theories also<br />
provide<br />
A. a framework for interpreting observations about behavior.<br />
B. diagnostic criteria for labeling mental disorders.<br />
C. the foundation on which DSM-IV is constructed.<br />
D. a bias that prevents the client's expectations from being considered.<br />
2. The motivating force oriented toward the immediate <strong>and</strong> total gratification of sensual needs <strong>and</strong><br />
desires is referred to as the __________ principle.<br />
A. reality<br />
B. id<br />
C. pleasure<br />
D. moral<br />
3. Which phrase was used by Freud to describe the loose, distorted, <strong>and</strong> illogical way that the id<br />
processes new information<br />
A. tertiary process thinking<br />
B. pleasure principle thinking<br />
C. secondary process thinking<br />
D. primary process thinking<br />
4. The ego is governed by the __________ principle.<br />
A. reality<br />
B. pleasure<br />
C. moral<br />
D. primary<br />
5. Freud referred to logical, rational problem-solving as __________ thinking.<br />
A. primary process<br />
B. secondary process<br />
C. tertiary process<br />
D. reactive<br />
6. "Oh, I'm so angry, but if I punch this guy in the face, he might retaliate, <strong>and</strong> worse yet it'll look<br />
like I've lost control! Oh well, I'll go home <strong>and</strong> take a long jog." This statement is a good example<br />
of what Freud calls<br />
A. reactive thinking.<br />
B. tertiary process thinking.<br />
C. secondary process thinking.<br />
D. primary process thinking.
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
7. The authors of DSM-IV are considering adding a new axis to future editions based on which<br />
psychodynamic concept<br />
A. libido<br />
B. defense mechanisms<br />
C. ego<br />
D. transference<br />
8. The defense mechanism of displacement is categorized at the __________ level.<br />
A. mental inhibitions<br />
B. image-distorting defenses<br />
C. high adaptive defenses<br />
D. disavowal defenses<br />
9. Leavitt (1997) found that clients with recovered memories of child sexual assault are<br />
A. less susceptible to suggested misinformation than are normal or psychiatric control subjects.<br />
B. more likely to become the victims of later sexual assaults.<br />
C. easily convinced by misinformation provided by a therapist.<br />
D. more susceptible to suggested misinformation than are normal or psychiatric control subjects.<br />
<strong>10</strong>. According to Horney <strong>and</strong> Adler, what is the most important factor in the development of<br />
personality<br />
A. erogenous zones<br />
B. psychosexual conflict<br />
C. interpersonal relations<br />
D. object relations<br />
11. Failure to resolve an earlier psychosocial stage is central to __________ theory regarding<br />
psychological disturbances.<br />
A. Heinz Kohut's<br />
B. Melanie Klein's<br />
C. Alfred Adler's<br />
D. Erik Erikson's<br />
12. According to Freud, anyone or anything that is the focus of a person's instinctual desires is<br />
a(n)<br />
A. archetype.<br />
B. dynamic.<br />
C. motive.<br />
D. object.<br />
13. In Maslow's theory, lower level needs are also referred to as __________ needs.<br />
A. tangible<br />
B. deficit<br />
C. subsistence<br />
D. aesthetic
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
14. What factor in Rogers' therapy is the most crucial element to successful helping<br />
A. empathy<br />
B. sympathy<br />
C. conditions of worth<br />
D. conditional regard<br />
15. The contemporary technique of motivational interviewing, which attempts to bring about<br />
behavioral change by helping clients resolve ambivalence, is based on the work of which<br />
psychologist<br />
A. Abraham Maslow<br />
B. David Barlow<br />
C. Albert B<strong>and</strong>ura<br />
D. Carl Rogers<br />
16. Which of the following is LEAST important to the behavioral theorists<br />
A. why<br />
B. who<br />
C. what<br />
D. where<br />
17. Which of the following is the type of reinforcement experienced by an individual who simply<br />
watches someone else get reinforced<br />
A. vicarious<br />
B. positive<br />
C. negative<br />
D. direct<br />
18. Which neurotransmitter has been linked to obsessive-compulsive disorder<br />
A. dopamine<br />
B. norepinephrine<br />
C. serotonin<br />
D. GABA<br />
19. Eshe has asthma <strong>and</strong> is being taught by her therapist how to identify the onset of an attack <strong>and</strong><br />
what steps to take in order to control her attacks. This form of treatment is known as<br />
A. relaxation therapy.<br />
B. self-monitoring therapy.<br />
C. biofeedback.<br />
D. ECT.<br />
20. For clients with personality disorders, goals of brief psychodynamic therapy include helping<br />
them<br />
A. engage in more positive relationships with others.<br />
B. form more positive self-images.<br />
C. gain insight into their defenses.<br />
D. All of these.
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
21. The fact that many personality disorders share similar features<br />
A. makes it easy to diagnose many of them.<br />
B. indicates that the diagnosis is reliable.<br />
C. makes it difficult to diagnose them accurately.<br />
D. illustrates the theory that many of them are related to depression.<br />
22. The diagnosis of antisocial behavior used today had its origins in the work of<br />
A. William Tuke.<br />
B. Phillipe Pinel.<br />
C. Hervey Cleckly.<br />
D. Sigmund Freud.<br />
23. Tahlia never had any previous problems with the law but at the age of 27, she started engaging<br />
in reckless <strong>and</strong> violent armed-robberies. Tahlia would most likely be diagnosed as<br />
A. having antisocial personality disorder.<br />
B. engaging in adult antisocial behavior.<br />
C. having conduct disorder.<br />
D. having borderline personality disorder.<br />
24. Twin <strong>and</strong> adoption studies have led researchers to conclude that at least ____ of antisocial<br />
personality disorder can be accounted for by genetic factors.<br />
A. 24%<br />
B. 56%<br />
C. 75%<br />
D. 90%<br />
25. An inability to distinguish between one's own identity <strong>and</strong> the identities of others is<br />
characteristic of which personality disorder<br />
A. schizoid<br />
B. self-defeating<br />
C. borderline<br />
D. narcissistic<br />
26. The term borderline, in the past, was used to describe patients who were functioning on the<br />
"border" of __________ <strong>and</strong> __________.<br />
A. neurosis; depression<br />
B. narcissism; neurosis<br />
C. neurosis; psychosis<br />
D. depression; mania
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
27. Which personality disorder is characterized by an individual's inability to distinguish between<br />
his or her own feelings <strong>and</strong> the feelings of others<br />
A. borderline<br />
B. schizotypal<br />
C. obsessive-compulsive<br />
D. antisocial<br />
28. Gillian has been diagnosed as having borderline personality disorder. When her therapist<br />
arrived late for an appointment, she flew into a rage at the office, claiming that he must hate her<br />
<strong>and</strong> that she wants to stop seeing him. What might be the best strategy to deal with this situation<br />
A. Because people with borderline personality disorder need discipline, the therapist should yell<br />
back at her <strong>and</strong> tell her how wrong she is to think this way.<br />
B. The therapist should let her leave because she is attempting to manipulate him.<br />
C. The therapist should ignore Gillian's outburst <strong>and</strong> the things she is saying until she calms down.<br />
D. The therapist should explain to her in a gentle but firm manner that his tardiness is not due to<br />
anything about her.<br />
29. Psychoanalytic theorists might view histrionic personality disorder as the result of<br />
A. negative reinforcement.<br />
B. psychosexual development.<br />
C. the application of conditions of worth.<br />
D. faulty thinking.<br />
30. Even though individuals with narcissistic personality disorder generally view themselves as<br />
special <strong>and</strong> important, they are often troubled by<br />
A. delusions.<br />
B. self-doubt.<br />
C. obsessions.<br />
D. compulsive rituals.<br />
31. Which of the following facets of an individual's history would a psychodynamically-oriented<br />
therapist consider most important if the individual was diagnosed with narcissistic personality<br />
disorder<br />
A. the numerous occasions in the individual's childhood when he or she was rewarded for being<br />
show-offish<br />
B. the persistence of delusional <strong>and</strong> obsessive thoughts in adolescence<br />
C. the early failure of the individual's parents to provide recognition <strong>and</strong> positive responses to the<br />
child's accomplishments<br />
D. instances in the past where the individual's superego was undermined by the id
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
32. The view that narcissists hold maladaptive ideas about themselves is central to the __________<br />
perspective.<br />
A. psychoanalytic<br />
B. biological<br />
C. cognitive-behavioral<br />
D. sociocultural<br />
33. Since individuals with schizoid personality disorder tend to lack the normal range of<br />
emotional responsiveness, therapies designed to improve __________ have demonstrated some<br />
success.<br />
A. communication skills<br />
B. cognitive skills<br />
C. motivation<br />
D. self-image<br />
34. Rosalinda is a very shy 30-year-old woman who usually stays home <strong>and</strong> does not interact with<br />
other people. Rosalinda may be suffering from __________ personality disorder.<br />
A. avoidant<br />
B. antisocial<br />
C. dependent<br />
D. passive-aggressive<br />
35. Reggie might be considered a "momma's boy" because, even though he is 28 years old, he lets<br />
his mother make all of the decisions in his life such as where he works, who he sees, what he<br />
wears, <strong>and</strong> where he goes. Reggie does not seem to mind; as a matter of fact he often says,<br />
"Momma knows best." Reggie would most likely be diagnosed as having __________ personality<br />
disorder.<br />
A. avoidant<br />
B. antisocial<br />
C. dependent<br />
D. passive-aggressive<br />
36. According to psychodynamic theory, individuals with dependent personality disorder were<br />
fixated at the __________ stage of development.<br />
A. oral<br />
B. anal<br />
C. phallic<br />
D. genital
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
37. Felix has been a worrier all of his life. When he was a child, he believed <strong>and</strong> followed the<br />
expression "step on a crack, break your mother's back." He is now a perfectionist <strong>and</strong> runs his daily<br />
routine based on an inflexible schedule. His environment is arranged very predictably; for<br />
example, all of his shirts must be neatly pressed <strong>and</strong> hung exactly four inches apart in his closet.<br />
Felix would be diagnosed as having __________ personality disorder.<br />
A. passive-aggressive<br />
B. obsessive-compulsive<br />
C. borderline<br />
D. narcissistic<br />
38. One of the difficulties in treating individuals with personality disorders is that<br />
A. many of them have such incoherent thinking patterns that it is difficult to decipher what they are<br />
saying.<br />
B. their symptoms have endured over many years <strong>and</strong> may be extremely resistant to change.<br />
C. clinicians tend to focus on limited goals rather than focusing on global changes.<br />
D. they are often aloof <strong>and</strong> uncaring.<br />
39. The emotional disturbances seen in people with borderline personality disorder are<br />
characterized by<br />
A. emotional dysregulation.<br />
B. antisocial behavior.<br />
C. goal-directed behavior.<br />
D. avoidance of interpersonal relationships.<br />
40. What percentage of Americans will fit the criteria for borderline personality disorder at some<br />
point in their lives<br />
A. less than 1%<br />
B. 1-2%<br />
C. 3-5%<br />
D. > 5%<br />
41. The typical course of panic disorder is that it creates<br />
A. continuous problems over many years.<br />
B. only periodic problems.<br />
C. initial problems <strong>and</strong> then goes into remission for years at a time.<br />
D. None of these.<br />
42. Wendy encounters test anxiety in Professor Carey's <strong>and</strong> Professor Burke's classes, but not in<br />
Professor Hart's class Which of the following best characterizes Wendy's panic attacks<br />
A. uncued<br />
B. situation-bound<br />
C. cued<br />
D. situationally predisposed
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
43. Makala has been taking Xanax to treat his panic disorder for about one month. He is very<br />
despondent because he has not noticed any change <strong>and</strong> he is now asking his psychiatrist to put him<br />
on some other medication. What might the problem be<br />
A. Xanax is ineffective in treating individuals who suffer from panic disorder.<br />
B. Makala's panic disorder is caused by psychological factors - not biological ones.<br />
C. In order for medications like Xanax to be effective, they must be taken over a six-month period.<br />
D. Makala's psychiatrist has mis-prescribed Xanax - Makala should be taking an antidepressant.<br />
44. An irrational <strong>and</strong> unabating fear of a particular object, activity, or situation is defined as<br />
A. agoraphobia.<br />
B. a social phobia.<br />
C. an aversion.<br />
D. a specific phobia.<br />
45. Danilo, a native of Mexico who is still living in Mexico, has an intense fear of snow. How<br />
might a clinician diagnose his condition<br />
A. Danilo would be diagnosed as having a specific phobia.<br />
B. He would be diagnosed as having the rare phobia known as chionophobia.<br />
C. Since it is unlikely that his condition is clinically significant, there would be no diagnosis.<br />
D. Danilo would be diagnosed as having the rare phobia known as dysomophophobia.<br />
46. Since the symptoms of most phobias are easy to identify, most can be treated successfully<br />
with<br />
A. psychodynamic therapies.<br />
B. biological therapies.<br />
C. behavioral therapies.<br />
D. hypnosis.<br />
47. The Latin expression in vivo means<br />
A. in the imagination.<br />
B. in the ideas.<br />
C. in the mind.<br />
D. in life.<br />
48. Although people with social phobia may not leave their homes, their fear is much more<br />
__________ than the fear of experienced by individuals with agoraphobia.<br />
A. general<br />
B. specific<br />
C. intense<br />
D. debilitating
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
49. Actor-singer Donny Osmond, who has had a long career in show business, began experiencing<br />
the symptoms of social anxiety disorder<br />
A. as a child performing with his brothers.<br />
B. in the 1970s when he appeared on the Donny & Marie Show.<br />
C. during the 1980s when his career lulled.<br />
D. during the 1990s when his performing career was reenergized.<br />
50. Which of the following diagnoses is used to describe constant anxiety that is not associated<br />
with a particular object or event<br />
A. social phobia<br />
B. obsessive-compulsive disorder<br />
C. generalized anxiety disorder<br />
D. panic disorder<br />
51. Persistent ideas, images, or thoughts that invade consciousness despite efforts to get rid of<br />
these intrusions are referred to as<br />
A. delusions.<br />
B. compulsions.<br />
C. hallucinations.<br />
D. obsessions.<br />
52. The anxiety disorder characterized by the experience of intrusive thoughts that the individual<br />
can alleviate only by engaging in patterns of rigid, ritualistic behaviors is referred to as<br />
A. obsessive personality disorder.<br />
B. obsessive-compulsive disorder.<br />
C. simple phobia.<br />
D. social phobia.<br />
53. A __________ is a surgical technique which is sometimes performed on individuals with<br />
obsessive-compulsive disorder.<br />
A. cingulotomy<br />
B. lobotomy<br />
C. amygdalotomy<br />
D. gangliotomy<br />
54. Carlos used to enjoy bowling, but since he returned from active duty, the sound of the ball<br />
hitting the pins <strong>and</strong> the sound of the pins falling, is bringing back vivid memories of combat.<br />
Carlos is experiencing<br />
A. flashbacks.<br />
B. delusions.<br />
C. obsessions.<br />
D. compulsions.
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
55. Research shows that agoraphobia is expressed differently in different cultures around the<br />
world. This fact suggests that:<br />
A. biological factors are not involved in this disorder.<br />
B. biological factors are not the exclusive cause of this disorder.<br />
C. biological factors are the only cause of this disorder.<br />
D. cultural factors increase the symptoms of this disorder.<br />
56. Which of the following is an example of catastrophic thinking<br />
A. I need to keep myself in a safe place in case I have a panic attack.<br />
B. I want to avoid going to the store because I might have a panic attack there <strong>and</strong> that would be<br />
embarrassing.<br />
C. I am feeling dizzy so I must be about to have a seizure with convulsions.<br />
D. If I breathe too rapidly, I am likely to hyperventilate.<br />
57. The DSM-V Task Force is considering a new diagnosis for children who are repeatedly<br />
traumatized. It would be referred to as<br />
A. dissociative identity disorder.<br />
B. reactive attachment disorder.<br />
C. developmental disillusionment.<br />
D. developmental trauma disorder.<br />
58. Before being named post-traumatic stress disorder, the symptoms of PTSD were referred to<br />
as<br />
A. shell shock.<br />
B. traumatic neurosis.<br />
C. combat fatigue.<br />
D. All of these.<br />
59. A person who is constantly thinking about germs has a(n) __________ about cleanliness; a<br />
person who constantly washes his or her h<strong>and</strong>s is expressing a(n) __________.<br />
A. obsession; obsessive behavior<br />
B. compulsion; obsessive behavior<br />
C. obsession; compulsion<br />
D. compulsion; obsession<br />
60. Which form of psychotherapy has proven to be the most effective in the treatment of OCD<br />
A. humanistic therapy<br />
B. psychoanalytic therapy<br />
C. cognitive-behavioral therapy<br />
D. person-centered therapy
<strong>PSY</strong> <strong>250</strong> <strong>Abnormal</strong> <strong>Psychology</strong><br />
<strong>Review</strong> <strong>Test</strong> <strong>Chapters</strong> 4, <strong>10</strong>, <strong>and</strong> 5<br />
review4<strong>10</strong>5 Key<br />
1. A<br />
2. C<br />
3. D<br />
4. A<br />
5. B<br />
6. C<br />
7. B<br />
8. A<br />
9. A<br />
<strong>10</strong>. C<br />
11. D<br />
12. D<br />
13. B<br />
14. A<br />
15. D<br />
16. A<br />
17. A<br />
18. C<br />
19. C<br />
20. D<br />
21. C<br />
22. C<br />
23. B<br />
24. B<br />
25. C<br />
26. C<br />
27. A<br />
28. D<br />
29. B<br />
30. B<br />
31. C<br />
32. C<br />
33. A<br />
34. A<br />
35. C<br />
36. A<br />
37. B<br />
38. B<br />
39. A<br />
40. B<br />
41. A<br />
42. D<br />
43. C<br />
44. D<br />
45. C<br />
46. C<br />
47. D<br />
48. B<br />
49. D<br />
50. C<br />
51. D<br />
52. B<br />
53. A<br />
54. A<br />
55. B<br />
56. C<br />
57. D<br />
58. D<br />
59. C<br />
60. C