Handbook of Corporate Communication and Public ... - Blogs Unpad
Handbook of Corporate Communication and Public ... - Blogs Unpad Handbook of Corporate Communication and Public ... - Blogs Unpad
national differences, and they may say one thing and do another. For example, they might use the rhetoric of diversity and then insist upon common approaches. Some executives talk about internationalization but make sure that all key positions are in the hands of nationals of the ‘home country’. Winners avoid the imposition of standard solutions that are inappropriate in particular locations. Wherever possible, they tailor their approach to local circumstances and individual requirements. They communicate with customers and prospects in ways and using languages that are acceptable to them. Diversity can be a spur to creativity. Successful companies recruit and develop a multinational cadre of managers. Opportunities go to those who are best qualified for each role. Internationalization is not forced down people’s throats. It occurs naturally and problems are tackled as they arise. Losers tend to sweep difficulties under the carpet or hope they will go away. Winners let people network. They allow them to forge whatever cross-border relationships will best enable them to achieve their objectives. Losers also impose a single corporate culture on employees, customers and suppliers regardless of differing local conditions and unfavourable circumstances. Winners strive to adjust their management style to match how the people they wish to develop closer relationships with operate. People should be equipped to handle joint ventures with overseas businesses before they are set up. Time has to be devoted to making them work. Because of the effort involved winners select their prospects with care. They also learn both from their own mistakes and from their customers, suppliers and business partners. Communicating for change More demanding customers, competitive markets and tough trading conditions may trigger reviews of corporate aspirations, approaches, capabilities, structures and operations. Change is generally assumed to be necessary, desirable and beneficial. The ‘management of change’ has become a priority for many organizations. During the recent downturn in economic fortunes many companies initiated a new wave of restructuring and redundancy. Despite a decade of re-engineering, a succession of management fads, heavy investments in new technologies and the extensive use of external management consulting services many boards and management teams were caught flat-footed. Communicators need to address the reality of the context in which they operate. Despite the rhetoric about flexibility, the ambitious claims made by corporate leaders and the hype of their advisers, many companies struggle to cope with adverse circumstances. Because so many corporate change programmes have failed to produce greater resilience and responsiveness, sudden and dramatic readjustments may be thought necessary. Employees are laid off and contracts are cancelled. Recruitment, training and the placing of advertisements are frozen. People are expected to do more with less. As a consequence they may feel jaded and insecure. Many managers do not seem to have learned from previous experience of the consequences of severe cutbacks. There might be various reasons for individual and collective amnesia. People may be overloaded with initiatives, inundated with information, and confused by competing © 2004 Sandra Oliver for editorial matter and selection; individual chapters, the contributors
claims. Many people work very hard and for long hours, but on peripheral activities. They do not focus upon the critical success factors for managing change, competing and winning (Coulson-Thomas, 2002b). If too much is changed at once people may lose a sense of identity, belonging, direction and purpose. Change can disorientate and disrupt, and some individuals can only take so much of it. Business leaders need to think carefully about how much change can be handled before negative consequences wipe out any desired gains. Enough continuity should be provided for people not to feel threatened and insecure. In some companies change has been ubiquitous and indiscriminate. Managers are assessed and rewarded according to the amount of change they bring about. Yet change is rarely neutral and it is not always beneficial. It can be unsettling and disruptive. When mismanaged it can also be stressful and destructive. It can distract people who should be focused upon other priorities. Communicators need to be sensitive to the impacts of changes. Introducing them without first assessing their consequences is risky and may prove very harmful. Altering a task at one point in a process, or introducing a new activity, may cause problems for those operating elsewhere, either within the same process or in a related or dependent one. An end-to-end perspective is required. Few changes affect everyone in the same way. Some may benefit while others are disadvantaged. Those who are satisfied – and they may include key employees and important customers – may favour a status quo, while frustrated colleagues and unhappy individuals may prefer an alternative. Opinion within a board, management team or work group may be divided between those who are for or against particular changes. The impacts of some change may not be immediately apparent. Their consequences might be delayed or hidden. For example, they might result in the loss of strategically important knowledge and understanding. There may be pressure to conform. For a variety of reasons people may be reluctant to speak up against change. Corporate media may not give them a voice. Only one side of an argument may be presented. While enthusiasts may champion change, determined opponents might endeavour to undermine it. When the benefits of change are widely spread the advantaged may not even register them. Marginal beneficiaries may lack the motivation to prevent blocking action by those who are strongly disadvantaged. People who are indifferent or ambivalent may simply ‘go with the flow’. The Centre for Competitiveness has examined the approaches and practices of both ‘winners’ who successfully manage change and ‘losers’ who do not. The attitudes, behaviours and priorities of the two groups are fundamentally different (Coulson-Thomas, 2002b). What is clear is that change helps or harms depending upon what is changed, how it is changed and for what purpose. The findings are similar to those for winning business and building relationships with customers. Losers are indecisive and oblivious to the needs of others. They are cautious, wary of commitments and fail to inspire or motivate. They are also reactive. They respond to events and often fail to anticipate the requirement to change. When they do act it is often in peripheral areas. They overlook what is important. Losers hoard information. They are reluctant to delegate and trust. Although driven by their own agendas they often end up playing other people’s games. They adopt standard approaches and are rigid and inflexible. They © 2004 Sandra Oliver for editorial matter and selection; individual chapters, the contributors
- Page 144 and 145: Act local Despite the original misg
- Page 146 and 147: Summary Both studies indicate the c
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- Page 152 and 153: • What are the key business probl
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- Page 156 and 157: should also be publicized. In this
- Page 158 and 159: • give regular feedback on perfor
- Page 160 and 161: REFERENCES Cialdini, R. (2001) Infl
- Page 162 and 163: CHAPTER 9 The Olympic Games: a fram
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- Page 166 and 167: Table 9.2 Seoul 1988 PR practices D
- Page 168 and 169: Table 9.4 Atlanta 1996 PR practices
- Page 170 and 171: according to the specific Australia
- Page 172 and 173: etween venue operations and the pho
- Page 174 and 175: Howard, S. (1998) Corporate Image M
- Page 176 and 177: Meaning of the corporate brand Corp
- Page 178 and 179: in today’s fast paced global comp
- Page 180 and 181: managers and employees to keep up w
- Page 182 and 183: in innovative products of a consist
- Page 184 and 185: CHAPTER 11 Differing corporate comm
- Page 186 and 187: would like to achieve. From the mom
- Page 188 and 189: Most businesses have the potential
- Page 190 and 191: clear majority of the respondents b
- Page 192 and 193: Sales and business development team
- Page 196 and 197: imitate and copy others rather than
- Page 198 and 199: and systems are altered. Communicat
- Page 200 and 201: from business leaders to the people
- Page 202 and 203: there were 78,339 firms involved in
- Page 204 and 205: Table 12.1 Advertising industry tur
- Page 206 and 207: loses the phonetic link with the or
- Page 208 and 209: of the issues discussed here will h
- Page 210 and 211: wants and attitudes, something that
- Page 212 and 213: Table 12.10 How did you integrate t
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- Page 216 and 217: NOTE 1 The Chinese names of interna
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- Page 222 and 223: - securities - insider information;
- Page 224 and 225: Only 8.8 per cent use a vendor for
- Page 226 and 227: Building a corporate communication
- Page 228 and 229: America some seventy years ago, onl
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- Page 232 and 233: • Electronic means: email, broadc
- Page 234 and 235: People on their own and in organize
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national differences, <strong>and</strong> they may say one<br />
thing <strong>and</strong> do another. For example, they<br />
might use the rhetoric <strong>of</strong> diversity <strong>and</strong> then<br />
insist upon common approaches. Some executives<br />
talk about internationalization but make<br />
sure that all key positions are in the h<strong>and</strong>s <strong>of</strong><br />
nationals <strong>of</strong> the ‘home country’.<br />
Winners avoid the imposition <strong>of</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ard<br />
solutions that are inappropriate in particular<br />
locations. Wherever possible, they tailor their<br />
approach to local circumstances <strong>and</strong> individual<br />
requirements. They communicate with<br />
customers <strong>and</strong> prospects in ways <strong>and</strong> using<br />
languages that are acceptable to them.<br />
Diversity can be a spur to creativity.<br />
Successful companies recruit <strong>and</strong> develop a<br />
multinational cadre <strong>of</strong> managers. Opportunities<br />
go to those who are best qualified for<br />
each role. Internationalization is not forced<br />
down people’s throats. It occurs naturally <strong>and</strong><br />
problems are tackled as they arise.<br />
Losers tend to sweep difficulties under the<br />
carpet or hope they will go away. Winners let<br />
people network. They allow them to forge<br />
whatever cross-border relationships will best<br />
enable them to achieve their objectives.<br />
Losers also impose a single corporate culture<br />
on employees, customers <strong>and</strong> suppliers<br />
regardless <strong>of</strong> differing local conditions <strong>and</strong><br />
unfavourable circumstances. Winners strive to<br />
adjust their management style to match how<br />
the people they wish to develop closer relationships<br />
with operate.<br />
People should be equipped to h<strong>and</strong>le joint<br />
ventures with overseas businesses before they<br />
are set up. Time has to be devoted to making<br />
them work. Because <strong>of</strong> the effort involved<br />
winners select their prospects with care. They<br />
also learn both from their own mistakes <strong>and</strong><br />
from their customers, suppliers <strong>and</strong> business<br />
partners.<br />
Communicating for change<br />
More dem<strong>and</strong>ing customers, competitive<br />
markets <strong>and</strong> tough trading conditions may<br />
trigger reviews <strong>of</strong> corporate aspirations,<br />
approaches, capabilities, structures <strong>and</strong> operations.<br />
Change is generally assumed to be<br />
necessary, desirable <strong>and</strong> beneficial. The ‘management<br />
<strong>of</strong> change’ has become a priority for<br />
many organizations.<br />
During the recent downturn in economic<br />
fortunes many companies initiated a new<br />
wave <strong>of</strong> restructuring <strong>and</strong> redundancy. Despite<br />
a decade <strong>of</strong> re-engineering, a succession<br />
<strong>of</strong> management fads, heavy investments in<br />
new technologies <strong>and</strong> the extensive use <strong>of</strong><br />
external management consulting services<br />
many boards <strong>and</strong> management teams were<br />
caught flat-footed.<br />
Communicators need to address the reality<br />
<strong>of</strong> the context in which they operate. Despite<br />
the rhetoric about flexibility, the ambitious<br />
claims made by corporate leaders <strong>and</strong> the<br />
hype <strong>of</strong> their advisers, many companies struggle<br />
to cope with adverse circumstances.<br />
Because so many corporate change programmes<br />
have failed to produce greater<br />
resilience <strong>and</strong> responsiveness, sudden <strong>and</strong><br />
dramatic readjustments may be thought<br />
necessary.<br />
Employees are laid <strong>of</strong>f <strong>and</strong> contracts are<br />
cancelled. Recruitment, training <strong>and</strong> the<br />
placing <strong>of</strong> advertisements are frozen. People<br />
are expected to do more with less. As a consequence<br />
they may feel jaded <strong>and</strong> insecure.<br />
Many managers do not seem to have learned<br />
from previous experience <strong>of</strong> the consequences<br />
<strong>of</strong> severe cutbacks.<br />
There might be various reasons for individual<br />
<strong>and</strong> collective amnesia. People may be<br />
overloaded with initiatives, inundated with<br />
information, <strong>and</strong> confused by competing<br />
© 2004 S<strong>and</strong>ra Oliver for editorial matter <strong>and</strong> selection;<br />
individual chapters, the contributors