Presentation - Cisco Knowledge Network

Cisco Knowledge Network: 

Transport Solutions 

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 1

• Welcome – Moderator(s): 

Dale Clark - Strategic Account Manager 

Russ Esmacher - Sr. Business Development Manager 

• Today’s Show: Transport Architecture Evolution 

Speaker(s): 

John Skochenski, Sr. Systems Engineer 

Bruce McDougall, Sr. Systems Engineer 

• Q&A 

• Survey 

© 2011 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 

2

October, 2011 


• Evolution of Transport Networks 

• Current Trends in Transport Networks 

• TDM Centric to Packet Centric Transport 

• Convergence of Packet and TDM Transport 

• MPLS-TP as a Building Block for Next Gen Transport Networks 


DS-3/T1 

TDM 

TDM 

ETH 

TDM 

ETH 

SONET 

SONET 

SONET 

SONET 

OTN 

1550nm 

WDM 

WDM 

WDM 

ROADM 

1995 

2000 

2005 

2010 

Last 10 years have been incremental steps 


5

Each Layer 

Managed 

Separately 

TDM ETH 

SONET 

OTN 

WDM 

ROADM 

2012 

~ 

2013 

SONET 

TDM 

ETH 

OTN 

ASON 

Unified 

Multi-Layer 

Management 

2010 

2015 

• Next step will not be incremental 

New Coherent network deployments on unused fiber 

New OTN transport and grooming layer 

Emergence of Ethernet as a Circuit 


6

$18 

100% 

Revenue (US$ Billions) 

$12 

$6 

80% 

60% 

40% 

20% 

WDM (%) 

$0 

CY05 CY06 CY07 CY08 CY09 CY10 CY11 CY12 CY13 CY14 CY15 

0% 

Metro-SONET/SDH Metro-WDM LH-SONET/SDH LH-WDM WDM % 

• WDM hardware spending is increasing 12%+ per annum 

• Shift away from TDM / SONET to packet based transport 

• ROADM, packet-optical and coherent technology 

7 


• The Packet Optical Transport Market Transition is underway: 

Growth in Ethernet Services are Breaking Existing MSPP TDM Networks 

Time-to-Revenue, Fiber Consolidation, & Service Capacity are driving Growth in DWDM 

Total Optical Spend WW is ~$12B. The P-OTS TAM will be ~$2B in CY13 

100% 

MSPP Ethernet Bandwidth & Service Trend 

90% 

80% 

70% 

60% 

50% 

40% 

30% 

20% 

10% 

0% 

1990 YR 2000 YR 2010 YR 

Ethernet Services 0% 5% 10% 

TDM Services 100% 95% 90% 

Ethernet Bandwidth 0% 30% 95% 

TDM Bandwidth 100% 70% 5% 


• What is your current service ratio TDM/Ethernet 

50% TDM / 50% Ethernet 





• Please respond in the poll window to the right of your screen. 


P-OTS operates like MSPP, integrates WDM, and has Packet Switching + OTN 


• Massive subscriber base 

7.9 Billion Subscribers Worldwide 

12 Billion Devices 

• Fundamental shift in device usage 

Voice traffic (minutes) decline 

Data / Video traffic (youtube, facebook, myspace, etc) increase means exponential traffic increase 

http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/verizon-att-others-watch-minutes-use-decline-while-data-revenues-balloon/2011-06-29 

• Demand creating shift in access capacity 

1G -> 2G -> 3G -> 3.5G/4G/LTE 

Smaller / more distributed cell model (femto cell, pico cell) 

• Emerging technologies: Mobile to mobile data increases 

• Mobile providers trying to find a way to offload data locally 

• Need to optimize the backhaul network to reduce cost 


• Change in access delivery model 

dedicating bandwidth / unused bandwidth – read: SONET -> Packet 

Network optimization through statistical multiplexing and reduced overhead 

Access port size – 100M -> 1G -> 10G -> 

• Service Providers must respond to market conditions 

Corresponding decrease in cost per port 

Need to optimize and automate where possible to reduce opex 

Combine disparate networks that were purpose built 

Need to provide enhanced customer visibility and make it easy to buy additional service 

More complex QoS models and services to differentiate 

• Competitive Market 

Service providers must respond to market conditions 

• Core network optimization (Lean Core, Thin Core) 

Many moving to 100G 


• Move to packet based Voice 

Many legacy voice based services that in the past required synchronous transport have moved to 

IP/packet. (Class 5 switching, interconnect, SS7, PBX, etc.) 

• IP Video 

Video distribution networks that in the past may have been connected via OCn and transported over 

SONET are now packet based, commonly using 10GE. 

• Mobile devices 

Mobile computing (Smart phones, Tablets, Laptops/Wireless) 

• Explosive growth in bandwidth consumption 

Business access, Residential access, Video, Cloud, Internet, etc. 


Third-Party Services/ 

Content 

National 

Data Center/ 

Cloud/VHO 

Regional 

Data 

Center/VSO 

SP Services/Content 

Core 

Metro/Regional 

Access 

CPE 

Core Routers 

Edge Routers 

RBS 

OTN/MPLS-TP 

GE Satellite 

2G/3G/4G Node 

Residential 

TDM 

PON 

STB 

Business 

Utility 

Corporate 

DWDM Switching Layer 

and ROADMs 

MPLS-TP 

Carrier 

Ethernet 

GE/Legacy/Utility Satellite 

Legacy 

λ Services 

© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14 

14

Working LSP 

NMS for Network 

Management Control * 

*Or Dynamic Control 

Plane 

Client node 

PE 

PE 

Client node 

Server Layer: MPLS-TP LSP (Static or Dynamic) 

Client layer: Pseudowire or any Network Layer 

Section 

Section 

Client Signal 

Protect LSP 

In-band OAM 

(e2e and segment) 

Connection Oriented, pre-determined working path and protect path 

Transport Tunnel 1:1 protection, switching triggered by in-band OAM, protection switch without C/P 

Options with NMS for static provisioning, or dynamic control plane for routing and signaling 


15

MPLS-TP Transport 

P-OTS Transition 

Metro EoS to MPLS-TP 

Characteristic 

SONET 

SDH 

Optical 

OTN 

(ROADM) 

Electrical 

OTN 

PBB-TE MPLS-TP IP/MPLS 

Eline (10GE) 

Ethernet 

Legacy 

IP 

General 

Eline (GE) 

Eline (any gran. Sub GE/10GE) 

E-Tree 

E-LAN 

F/R 

ATM 

TDM 

L3VPN 

L3 Unicast 

L3 Multicast 

Content 

Traffic Engineering 

50ms restoration 

Multiplexing Technology 

Time 

Division 

Complex 

Complex 

Wave Division Time Division Statistical Statistical Statistical 

UNI processing Limited None None Typically rich Typically rich Typically rich 

Granularity VC-4 Lambda ODU Variable Variable Variable 

Technology Maturity 

MPLS w/ OAM & 

50ms Protection 


16

- by cherry picking 

TDM Transport 

Packet Data Network 

Connection mode Connection oriented Connectionless (except TE) 

OAM In-band OAM Out-of-band (except PW, TE) 

Protection Switching Data Plane Switching Control plane dependency 

BW efficiency Fixed Bandwidth Statistical multiplexing 

Data Rate Granularity Rigid SONET hierarchy Flexible data rate 

QoS One class only QoS treatment 

Packet Transport 


17

• Thoughts on Convergence – Technical Drivers 

• MPLS-TP Building Blocks 

• MPLS-TP NGN Design Case Study 

• What’s Next 


• MPLS: a set of protocols used to create Label Switched Paths through a network 

• Also includes OAM tools to manage and maintain those LSPs 

• Service Providers leverage MPLS Technologies in two primary ways: 

• To Transport packets through the network 

• To create Services such as VPNs 

• Over the last 10-12 years we’ve glued Transport (TDM/Optical) and Services (IP) together 

• Bandwidth Demand, Ethernet Ubiquity, and Cost are driving us toward full convergence: 

A single set of protocols to unite Packet Services and Transport Infrastructure 

An MPLS Service Profile + An MPLS Transport Profile 


Services 

Services 

Transport 

Transport 

Transport 

Services Node 

Customer 

Converged Transport Node (LSR, OTN, 

DWDM, MPLS-TP) 

Customer 


20

• Bring Transport Functionality, Requirements, and Mentality to Packet Networks 

• Fast Convergence 

• Deterministic Path Selection 

• Reduced Complexity 

• Simplify and Scale Operations 

• Make a Packet Network Operate like a SONET Network 

• Interoperate Transport Infrastructure with MPLS Service Infrastructure 

• Common Packet Encapsulation Methods 

• Common set of OAM tools 


Data Plane 

MPLS Bidirectional P2P and P2MP LSPs 

• No LSP merging 

• PHP optional 

GACh: Generic Associate Channel 

GAL: Generic Associate Label 

PW (SS-PW, MS-PW) 

AC: Attachment Circuit 

MPLS Forwarding 

Control Plane 

NMS provisioning option 

GMPLS control plane option 

PW control plane option 

OAM 

In-band OAM (G-ACH, GAL) 

Fault management: 

• Proactive CC/CV: BFD based 

• Ping and trace: LSP ping based 

• Alarm Suppression and Fault Indication 

• AIS, RDI, LDI, and CFI 

Performance monitoring: Loss and Delay 

MPLS Based 

OAM 

MPLS Protection Resiliency 

Deterministic path protection 

Sub-50ms switch over 

• 1:1, 1+1, 1:N protection 

• Linear protection 

• Ring protection 


22

Creating a Transport DNA 

Multi-Segment Pseudowire 

Section 

LSP 

PW label 

LSP 

PW label 

CE 

AC 

Access 

Node 

Intermediate 

Node 

OAM (PW, LSP, section) 

Aggregation 

Node 

(S-PE) 

OAM (PW, LSP, Section) 

Service 

Node 

AC 

CE 

• Circuits - MPLS Pseudowires (PW) 

• Nailed down paths - MPLS-TP tunnel or an LSP 

• OAM - In Band OAM at PW, LSP and Section level 

• Resiliency – path, ring, mesh based, OAM triggered 

• Control Plane – NMS based or GMPLS 

OAM (PW) 

MPLS-TP Extensions 

Generic Associated Channel 

OAM - BFD, AIS, LDI 

LSP Ping Traceroute 

Virtual Circuit Connectivity Verification (VCCV) 

• Inter-Domain – Multi-segment PW, OAM separation – More on this later 

• BW management – per PW and per LSP – not to be confused with dedicated bandwidth in SONET 


23

SONET/SDH 

Ethernet Mapping 

DS1 Service 

E1 Service 

VT1.5 SPE 

VC-11/12 

STS-1/Nc SPE 

VC-3/4 SPE 

Ethernet Service 

802.1Q 

802.1ad 

GFP-F/ HDLC 

STS-1/Nc SPE 

VC-3/4 SPE 

SONET 

SDH 

over 

DWDM 

VT1.5 Muxed 

Into STS-1 

Network Identifier 

STS/VC number 

VT1.5 approximately 

Equivalent to Pseudowire 

STS-N/VC-3/4 approximates 

an LSP 

MPLS-TP 

Pseudowire Muxing 

Function 

DS1 Service 

E1 Service 

Circuit Emulation 

1588v2* 

G-Ach 

Generic Associated Channel (G-Ach) 

for Inband MPLS-TP OAM 

MPLS Label 

Pseudowire EncapSwitched Path 

(LSP) 

Network Identifier 

MPLS Label 

Ethernet Service 

802.1Q, .1ad 

G-Ach 

PWE3 Encap 

MPLS Label 

Switched Path 

(LSP) 

MPLS-TP 

MPLS-TE 

over 

DWDM 


24


MPLS-TP 

Agg. & Access 

MPLS Core & Service 

Edge 

Core router – 10s to low 100s 

Muti‐Service Edge – 100s to 1000s 

Aggregation Node – 1000s to 10000s 

Access Node – 10000s to 100000s 

Up to 100G IPoDWDM 

MPLS‐TP over 10G 

Access Ring 


26

• Create a common infrastructure for multiple services 

Carrier Ethernet / Layer 2 VPN (p2p, p2mp, mp2mp) 

Mobile Backhaul (Carrier Ethernet with mobile features) 

Layer 3 Services (L3VPN, DIA, Multicast) 

• Modular architecture 

Network can grow without forklift 

Underlying modular DWDM layer 

• Packet Optical / MPLS-TP base design 

Scale Access and Transport Network operational model 

• Contain Opex costs 

Common instrumentation with Cisco PRIME suite 

Alarm correlation 


Cisco ASR9000 



MPLS-TP MPLS-TP MPLS-TP 

MPLS-TP 


28

IT Integration 

Correlated 

Alarms/ 

Events 

Fault 

Customer Portal 

(future) 

PRIME FULFILLMENT 

Domain Managers 

(PRIME NETWORK, PRIME OPTICAL, PRIME PERFORMANCE) 

Alarms/ 

Events 

Performance 

Statistics 

Configuration/Status 

API 

Utilization 

KQI/KPI 

Reporting 

Performance 

Reporting 

Inventory 

Configuration/ 

Activation 

Inventory & 

Activation 




MPLS-TP MPLS-TP MPLS-TP 

MPLS-TP 


29

1G Access Ring 

Cisco CPT-600 Ring 

Aggregation Node 

Customer 

Cisco CPT-200/CPT-50 Access Node 

Customer 

10G Access Ring (MPLS-TP) 


National MPLS 

Network 

External NNI (Carrier) 

National 

MPLS Network 

Customer 

Customer 

Cisco CPT-200 

Access Node 



L2 Trunk (QinQ) 

MPLS-TP 

MPLS 

Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 

30

1G Access Ring 

Cisco CPT-600 Ring 

Aggregation Node 

Customer 

Cisco CPT-200/CPT-50 Access Node 

Customer 



National MPLS 

Network 


National 

MPLS Network 

Customer 

Customer 

Cisco CPT-200 

Access Node 



L2 Trunk (QinQ) 

MPLS-TP 

MPLS 

Presentation_ID © 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 

31

• What transport protocol will you adopt to deliver NG POTS services 

•MPLS-TP 

•Carrier E/L2 

•IP/MPLS 

•OTN 

•PBB/TE 

•Ethernet over SONET 

• Please respond in the poll window to the right of your screen. 



• Bandwidth Demands will continue to skyrocket (Mobile, OTT) 

• 100GE 

• Thin Core/LSR 

• OTN 

• Dedicated Services Mixed with Statistical Multiplexing 

• GMPLS 


Between 2010 and 2015… 

4X 

61% 

26X 

Increase in global IP traffic 

Of Internet traffic will be 

video 

Increase in mobile data 

traffic worldwide 


Q&A 

Thank you. 


• Multi-Terabit Transmission Solutions 

• Date: November 8, 2011 @ 10 am – 11 am CST 

• Speaker: Rodger Nutt, Technical Marketing Engineer 

• Where: WebEx Event (Webinar) 

• www.ciscoknowledgenetwork.com (Select “Transport Solutions”) 


37

• Survey 

• Contact us: cisco-optical-sales@cisco.com 

• Webinar playbacks and updates can be found at: 

www.ciscoknowledgenetwork.com/optical 

• Please also click on www.cisco.com/go/optical for more 

information. 


38

Thank you.

Presentation - Cisco Knowledge Network

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