Underlying Reasons for the Persistence of Female Genital Mutilation

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6. CONCLUSIONS Throughout this essay I have attempted to highlight FGM through a human rights perspective and emphasize the conflict that appears when there is support for the practice that are grounded on the rights of culture, traditions and in some cases minority rights. The reason for this is that FGM is rooted in deep cultural meaning and is portrayed as a highly important social convention; however it is considered a human rights violation on girls and women as it is a harmful practice with numerous negative health consequences. The perceptions behind the practice vary, but are often categorized behind psycho-sexual, religious, sociological and hygienic meanings. Reason being all from preserving the female virginity, to considering that the forms and shapes of the genitalia are ugly and needs to be removed. The motives behind the practice vary as well, which seems to be embedded in the perceptions of FGM. The main motivations found through primary and secondary data stating that FGM is a procedure that has to be done in order for a girl to be considered marriageable. Community characterized by male domination are socially constructed where women get status through marriage and baring children, therefore the custom of FGM are justified by the way women are perceived by men. The custom has changed through time, most likely caused by the illegalization of FGM, since the age of the girls getting circumcised have in recent decades declined. Following implementations of human rights laws, there has developed an extreme amount of awareness towards FGM around the world and has changed the attitudes towards the practice. However, the activities are highly ongoing since there is a yearly number of 3 million girls and women at risk of FGM; therefore human rights law is crucial but not absolute. The promotion and protection needs to be supported by the governments since it is their duty to adopt the different measurements acquired. The focus on change lie in recognizing the condition of women and children and the development requires for changes in attitudes towards how they are perceived in their society. Through education and awareness the attitude changes may conclude behavioural changes towards harmful practices. 37
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Page 1 and 2: Exempel 11, sid 4-5 Underlying Reas
Page 3 and 4: ABBREVIATIONS FGM UNICEF WHO CE
Page 6 and 7: 1. INTRODUCTION Female genital mut
Page 8 and 9: is in no way based on religious bel
Page 10 and 11: 1.4 Aims and objectives The purp
Page 12 and 13: 1.8 Disposition The study is divi
Page 14 and 15: 2.1 Qualitative case study rese
Page 16 and 17: young girl that herself had undergo
Page 18 and 19: 3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK The pra
Page 20 and 21: organizations and intergovernmental
Page 22 and 23: obliged to form and adjust domestic
Page 24 and 25: human rights and therefore the disc
Page 26 and 27: as the custom has spread historical
Page 28 and 29: consequences of the urine and menst
Page 30 and 31: It is through this organization I h
Page 32 and 33: three or four years old when her gr
Page 34 and 35: many regions that practice/practice
Page 36 and 37: morals and fundamental rights, publ
Page 38 and 39: 5.2 Discussion FGM is internation
Page 40 and 41: likely to have the practice stop in
Page 44: Reliabilitet Validitet 2011, retrie

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