Design of Antennas for Handheld DVB-H ... - Lunds tekniska högskola

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List of contents 1 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................1 1.1 Thesis overview.......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose....................................................................................................... 2 2 BACKGROUND............................................................................................3 2.1 Digital Video Broadcasting....................................................................... 3 2.1.1 DVB .................................................................................................... 3 2.1.2 OFDM ................................................................................................. 4 2.1.3 Reed-Solomon Codes.......................................................................... 7 2.1.4 DVB-T................................................................................................. 7 2.1.5 DVB-H ................................................................................................ 9 2.1.5.1 Standardization of DVB-H............................................................ 10 2.1.5.2 Time slicing................................................................................... 11 2.1.5.3 Multi Protocol Encapsulation – Forward Error Correction........... 12 2.1.5.4 MPE-FEC frame............................................................................ 13 2.1.5.5 4K mode ........................................................................................ 14 2.1.5.6 Transmission Parameter Signalling - TPS .................................... 15 2.2 Competing standards .............................................................................. 17 2.2.1 Satellite-Digital Mobile Broadcast.................................................... 17 2.2.2 Mobile Broadcast/Multicast Service ................................................. 17 2.3 Antenna theory ........................................................................................ 19 2.3.1 Efficiency, directivity and gain......................................................... 19 2.3.2 Reflection from a mismatched antenna ............................................. 19 2.3.3 Resonance Circuit ............................................................................. 21 2.3.4 Quality Factor.................................................................................... 22 2.3.5 Bandwidth......................................................................................... 23 2.3.5.1 Impedance matching ..................................................................... 23 2.3.6 Bandwidth enhancement ................................................................... 24 3 POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS..........................................................................26 3.1 Dipole and Monopole antenna ............................................................... 26 3.2 Yagi-Uda .................................................................................................. 26 3.3 Loop.......................................................................................................... 27 3.4 Microstrip antenna.................................................................................. 27 III
4 DESIGN AND TESTING OF ANTENNA SOLUTIONS .......................30 4.1 Required antenna performance ............................................................. 30 4.2 Monopole.......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. 4.3 Folded dipole antenna ............................................................................. 32 4.4 PIFA.......................................................................................................... 33 4.5 Folded-Patch............................................................................................ 35 4.6 Loop antenna ........................................................................................... 38 4.7 Switched Monopole ................................................................................. 43 5 MEASUREMENTS OF ANTENNA SOLUTION....................................54 5.1 Anechoic chamber measurement ........................................................... 54 5.1.1 Test set-up ......................................................................................... 54 5.1.2 Measurements.................................................................................... 54 5.1.3 Measurement result ........................................................................... 59 5.1.4 Measurement reliability..................................................................... 69 5.2 Testing with DVB-T receiver................................................................. 70 6 RESULTS....................................................................................................72 6.1 RF Performance ...................................................................................... 72 6.2 Design....................................................................................................... 72 6.3 Control signal........................................................................................... 73 6.4 Cost........................................................................................................... 73 7 CONCLUSION............................................................................................74 8 REFERENCES............................................................................................79 IV
Page 1 and 2: Design of Antennas for Handheld DVB
Page 3: Acknowledgements This master thesis
Page 7 and 8: Figure 5.2. Reference dipole antenn
Page 9 and 10: 1 Introduction The passed decade th
Page 11 and 12: 2 Background This chapter provides
Page 13 and 14: is simultaneously modulated into 10
Page 15 and 16: 2.1.3 Reed-Solomon Codes 2.1.4 DVB-
Page 17 and 18: 2.1.5 DVB-H DVB-H is the latest dev
Page 19 and 20: 2.1.5.2 Time slicing A large proble
Page 21 and 22: figure 2.5). All three elements tog
Page 23 and 24: symbols or four 2K OFDM symbols. Th
Page 25 and 26: 2.2 Competing standards The DVB-H s
Page 27 and 28: 2.3 Antenna theory This section des
Page 29 and 30: Figure 2.9. Impedance bandwidth def
Page 31 and 32: unloaded quality factor (Q0) and th
Page 33 and 34: losses should be avoided in handhel
Page 35 and 36: 3.3 Loop Figure 3.1. Yagi-Uda anten
Page 37 and 38: PIFA Figure 3.2. Four different con
Page 39 and 40: The size of the antenna is another
Page 41 and 42: 4.4 PIFA To verify the balun a resi
Page 43 and 44: 4.5 Folded-Patch With the PIFA-ante
Page 45 and 46: Figure 4.9a. Folded-patch 2, front
Page 47 and 48: Figure 4.11. Loop antenna schematic
Page 49 and 50: Figure 4.15. Wire loop antenna retu
Page 51 and 52: using an H-field antenna together w
Page 53 and 54: antenna. The dimension of the anten
Page 55 and 56:
The result of the return loss measu
Page 57 and 58:
Figure 4.24. Return loss graph for
Page 59 and 60:
The result of the measurement of th
Page 61 and 62:
Figure 4.31. Return loss graph for
Page 63 and 64:
frequency band, the first from 470
Page 65 and 66:
Figure 5.6. Radiation pattern for R
Page 67 and 68:
5.1.3 Measurement result In this ch
Page 69 and 70:
Figure 5.10. Radiation pattern for
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Table 5.4. Switched monopole 1, gai
Page 75 and 76:
Power gain / dB 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
was received in all five channels.
Page 81 and 82:
6.3 Control signal 6.4 Cost The swi
Page 83 and 84:
not be possible, there will always
Page 85 and 86:
There are many advantages with tuna
Page 87 and 88:
8 References [1] Schiller, Jochen -
Page 89:
[29] Gardiol, Fred - Microstrip cir
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