Environmental Technologies and Eco-innovation in the Czech ...

The interconnection of waste processing
with subsequent utilisation of raw
materials from waste in a treatment
plant is occurring at Kovohutě Příbram
nástupnická, a.s., which deals with the
purchase and recycling of electrical
waste, discarded electrical appliances,
waste containing lead, lead-acid car
batteries, waste containing precious
metals and waste from scrapped
vehicles. Subsequently, products for
construction, engineering, healthcare,
the chemical industry, electrical
engineering, etc. are produced from
recycled substances.
The advantage of recycling waste where
the manufacture of acquired materials
occurs lies in the elimination of traffic
burdens when transporting waste to
the recycling point and then from the
recycling point to the processor of the
obtained raw materials.
8.2 | Technologies for utilizing biologically degradable waste
In recent years, the effort to reduce disposing biodegradable waste into landfills
has resulted in the development of technologies for processing municipal BDW as well
as waste from agriculture, the food industry and forestry. The purpose of using these
technologies is to produce a product that is re-useable (e.g., biofuels, compost and
fertilizers).
8.2.1 | Biodegradable waste utilisation through the anaerobic digestion process
The principle of this technology is the controlled conversion of biodegradable
substances with high carbon content into methane and carbon dioxide. The entire
process takes place without air so that acid-forming and methane-forming bacteria
can affect the input waste. The outputs of the technology are biogas and digestate 4 .
Biogas production is the main reason for using anaerobic digestion technology for
BDW treatment. Biogas is used to produce electricity and thermal energy in biogas
4 digestate – a solid or liquid residue found after anaerobic digestion; if it complies with certain requirements, it can be used as
an agricultural fertilizer
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