Rome Wasn't Digitized in a Day - Council on Library and Information ...

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243 They have developed a Preservation Plann<strong>in</strong>g Tool named Plato, 693 published a large number of white papers and research publications, and released the <strong>in</strong>itial Planets testbed. 694 A smaller-scale digital preservation organization that previously existed <strong>in</strong> the United K<strong>in</strong>gdom was the AHDS, which was funded between 1996 and 2008 with the purpose of provid<strong>in</strong>g digital preservation and distributed access to digital humanities projects created <strong>in</strong> the United K<strong>in</strong>gdom. Fund<strong>in</strong>g for the AHDS ended <strong>in</strong> 2008, and only the Archaeology Data Service survived. A great deal of the data, particularly the data describ<strong>in</strong>g digital projects and ICT methodologies, became part of the arts-humanities.net hub. Nonetheless, even when the AHDS still existed, Warwick et al. (2008b) argued that its <strong>in</strong>gestion processes for “completed” digital humanities projects, as well as that of many <strong>in</strong>stitutional repositories, was not sufficient for true long-term access to these resources: The de facto solution is that <strong>in</strong>dividual <strong>in</strong>stitutions have become responsible for the electronic resources produced by their staff. However, although they may be will<strong>in</strong>g to archive a static version of a resource <strong>in</strong> a repository and provide web server space, it is far more difficult for them to provide resources for active updat<strong>in</strong>g, s<strong>in</strong>ce few <strong>in</strong>stitutional repositories have the expertise or personnel to ensure that the functionality of the resource is ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed. As a result, it seems likely that the slow decay of once functional digital resources will become more rather than less prevalent <strong>in</strong> future, at least <strong>in</strong> the case of the UK-based digital resources (Warwick et al. 2008b). The authors also noted that older models of one-time deposit of digital data are of limited utility s<strong>in</strong>ce data are rarely <strong>in</strong>dependent of their <strong>in</strong>terface and the <strong>in</strong>ability to update a resource once it has been deposited means that systems based on this model quickly grow outdated and often unusable. The <strong>in</strong>ability of libraries and traditional repositories to ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> digital resources that are constantly <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>gly <strong>in</strong> complexity, as well as the digital tools that are needed to use them, has also been described by Geoffrey Rockwell: The more sophisticated digital works we create, the more there is that has to be ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed and ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed at much greater cost than just shelv<strong>in</strong>g a book and occasionally reb<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g it. Centers and <strong>in</strong>stitutes get to the po<strong>in</strong>t that they can't do anyth<strong>in</strong>g new because ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g what they have done is consum<strong>in</strong>g all their resources. One way to solve that problem is to conv<strong>in</strong>ce libraries to take your digital editions, but many of us don’t have libraries with the cyber<strong>in</strong>frastructure. Another way to deal with this is to def<strong>in</strong>e certa<strong>in</strong> tools as cyber<strong>in</strong>frastructure so that they are understood as th<strong>in</strong>gs that need ongo<strong>in</strong>g support by organizations funded over the long-term. If the scale is right we might even have an economy of scale so that we could all pay for a common organization to ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> the commonwealth of <strong>in</strong>frastructure … (Rockwell 2010). Rockwell proposed that the Bamboo project might be an important first step <strong>in</strong> this direction s<strong>in</strong>ce it is attempt<strong>in</strong>g to determ<strong>in</strong>e the common elements required for a digital research <strong>in</strong>frastructure across discipl<strong>in</strong>es and then plans to develop a consortium to build and susta<strong>in</strong> these elements <strong>in</strong> a distributed manner. 693 http://www.ifs.tuwien.ac.at/dp/plato 694 https://testbed.planets-project.eu/testbed//. This testbed requires users to log <strong>in</strong>, but also allows users to experiment with a number of different emulation and preservation services that can be tested aga<strong>in</strong>st real data, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g external services that were not created by Planets, such as the popular JHOVE (JSTOR/Harvard Object Validation Environment) tool (http://hul.harvard.edu/jhove/).
244 A recent ARL report that explored the potential role of digital repository services <strong>in</strong> regard to research libraries also made a number of recommendations to address issues surround<strong>in</strong>g the systematic collection and preservation of digital projects and their long-term curation. 695 This report observed that digital repositories have begun to develop quite rapidly and are quickly becom<strong>in</strong>g a “key element of research cyber<strong>in</strong>frastructure.” In particular, the report proposed that research libraries should develop strategies to reach out to researchers and scholars who have collected or created content that may have grown beyond their ability to manage: “Where these collections are of high value, local processes are needed to migrate early digital collections <strong>in</strong>to an <strong>in</strong>stitutionally-managed service environment” (ARL 2009b). Research by Palmer et al. (2009) also identified the catalog<strong>in</strong>g, collection, and curation of digital materials, particularly the personal digital collections 696 of <strong>in</strong>dividual scholars, as important strategic services to be provided by research libraries <strong>in</strong> the future. The ARL report identified a number of other key issues that research libraries would need to address and services they would need to provide to develop digital repositories that functioned as part of a larger cyber<strong>in</strong>frastructure. At the m<strong>in</strong>imum, they proposed that digital repositories would need to offer the follow<strong>in</strong>g services: long-term digital preservation, ongo<strong>in</strong>g migration of content, access management, dissem<strong>in</strong>ation of research, metadata and format management, various types of discovery tools, digital publish<strong>in</strong>g, and data m<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g or other forms of text analysis. Along with these essential services, the report urged that research libraries should beg<strong>in</strong> to develop services “around new content and old content <strong>in</strong> new forms.” While many repositories for research libraries had been orig<strong>in</strong>ally conceived of as storage services for static PDFs of formally published faculty research output, the ARL report advocated that research libraries must plan for the fact that their <strong>in</strong>stitutions produce “large and ever-grow<strong>in</strong>g quantities of data, images, multimedia works, learn<strong>in</strong>g objects, and digital records” as well as recognize that “mass digitization has launched a new scale of digital content collect<strong>in</strong>g.” This report also emphasized how digital repositories will need to be able to <strong>in</strong>tegrate the diverse digital content that already exists and that will cont<strong>in</strong>ue to grow far outside of library-managed environments: Research practices will <strong>in</strong>creas<strong>in</strong>gly take advantage of strategies predicated on the availability of large amounts of widely accessible, rather than isolated and sparse, data. Many primary source materials support<strong>in</strong>g humanistic <strong>in</strong>vestigations—large corpora of texts, collections of images, and collections of cultural materials—will be complemented by newly available and discoverable materials from disparate sources outside of library collections. To draw on content from these diverse sources, researchers will <strong>in</strong>tegrate use of library services and resources with funder-supported resources, commercially provided resources, and services and resources provided by other entities with<strong>in</strong> the academy. Consequently, librarians will have much less control of the user experience than they currently do and will adopt more strategies that rely on collaboration with users. For <strong>in</strong>stance, <strong>in</strong> areas such as curation and preservation of data, librarians will be regularly curat<strong>in</strong>g with, not just for, researchers (ARL 2009b). 695 The ARL has also recently released a new report that more specifically exam<strong>in</strong>es the role of digital curation <strong>in</strong> terms of research libraries’ digital preservation activities, with a brief section on the implications of digital curation for the digital humanities (Walters and Sk<strong>in</strong>ner 2011). 696 Palmer et al. have described these personal digital collections and their importance <strong>in</strong> great detail: “In the humanities, personal collections are the equivalent of f<strong>in</strong>ely curated special collections that have been expertly selected and controlled for quality and application. Reread<strong>in</strong>g and note tak<strong>in</strong>g are core functions with these collections. There is considerable potential for shar<strong>in</strong>g and reuse of these collections, but the provenance and context of the materials from the scholar’s research perspective is a large part of the value that would need to be reta<strong>in</strong>ed and represented” (Palmer et al. 2009, 44). The CHSE study of faculty use of digital resources <strong>in</strong> teach<strong>in</strong>g also noted the importance of personal digital collections (Harley et al. 2006a, Harley et al. 2006b).
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"Rome Wasn
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ii ISBN 978-1-932326-38-3 CLIR Publ
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iv EpiDoc-Based Digital Epigraphy P
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vi ABOUT THE AUTHOR Alison Babeu ha
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viii PBW PCA PDB PDL PHI PLANETS PN
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x pursuit of knowledge about the an
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2 and intellectual
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4 associations to work together, an
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6 briefly explore issues that are n
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8 for English translations of Greek
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10 is created of the entire bibliog
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12 directory of more than 2,100 cat
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14 generated by the decision tree p
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16 The image-registration algorithm
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18 Schibel and Rydberg-Cox argued t
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20 information ret
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22 In ancient manuscripts, Sanskrit
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24 algorithms; ins
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26 Markov Models (MEMM) 82 and outp
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28 One major project to recently em
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30 developed a cuneiform sign reper
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32 and prayers), and edited texts a
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34 Digital critical editions, howev
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36 While these requirements may see
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38 many discrete texts, in<
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40 examine how l<s
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42 The second fact that Rob
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44 “multimedia scholarly editions
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46 different apparatuses. In Bosche
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48 individual text
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50 In these cases we must provide a
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52 First, it utilizes a nearest nei
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54 entirely pre-searched for each l
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56 As this research in</str
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58 the inscription
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60 Text Min<strong
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62 This manual analysis provided a
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64 As illustrated by this def<stron
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66 archaeology as a discipl
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68 funded with public money <strong
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70 for re-use is a simple slogan, b
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72 framework to in
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74 then mapped to the CRM-EH so tha
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76 tDAR also stores all resources <
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78 Many look to their in</s
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80 Although the multidiscipl<strong
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82 computer science can make it pos
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84 were created after this time. A
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86 transparency, accessibility, ava
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88 (Research Archive for Ancient Sc
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90 This challenge of not just digit
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92 Part of the research of the Plei
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94 After correctin
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96 Epigraphy Overview: Epigraphy Da
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98 step, because epigraphic texts s
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100 text and to previous annotation
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102 and squeezes as well as a selec
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104 original); typ
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106 To begin this
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108 better set the in</stro
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110 Another related project that ha
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112 used to point
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114 names in texts
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116 and Manuscripts (VRE-SDM) 378 s
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118 level of storage in</st
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120 simplicity, and sensible file n
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122 compliant DTD and schema. 393 I
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124 While the advanced document-rec
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126 Another significant manuscript
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128 compelled to operate in
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130 Cayless thus developed a method
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132 must consider commercial and en
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134 standard developed for the desc
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136 to standard catalogs, identific
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138 present an extension and comb<s
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140 scholars in th
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142 described as the amicitia papyr
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144 to a full text transcription wh
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146 The final majo
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148 One is toward openness; the oth
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150 this idea of personal ownership
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152 prototype 512 in</stron
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154 other assertions made about par
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156 The conclusion drawn from this
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158 and that “is main</st
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160 philology available at the webs
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162 descriptions that provides scho
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164 of multilingua
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166 Another major methodological is
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168 ancient historians. Network ana
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170 Bradley and Short (2005) have o
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172 “apparently disconnected and
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174 sources used and their abbrevia
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176 resources, inc
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178 materials could be found, a rec
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180 or more documents (69 percent)
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182 This work tends to focus on des
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184 A related poin
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186 “infer user
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188 accessed; few providers, if any
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190 information so
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Page 241 and 242: 230 This lack of deeper understand<
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Page 245 and 246: 234 All link<stron
Page 247 and 248: 236 of architecture, tools and serv
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Page 261 and 262: 250 commercial providers. At the sa
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Page 269 and 270: 258 Linguistic Com
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Page 273 and 274: 262 According to B
Page 275 and 276: 264 support the main</stron
Page 277 and 278: 266 Interoperability”). 763 The m
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Page 281 and 282: 270 This architecture makes it easy
Page 283 and 284: 272 [Aschenbrenner et al. 2008]. As
Page 285 and 286: 274 Editions.” Advances i
Page 287 and 288: 276 [Bodard et al. 2009]. Bodard, G
Page 289 and 290: 278 [Bulger et al. 2011]. Bulger, M
Page 291 and 292: 280 [Choudhury and Stin</st
Page 293 and 294: 282 [Crane et al. 2009a]. Crane, Gr
Page 295 and 296: 284 [Dué and Ebbott 2009]. Dué, C
Page 297 and 298: 286 [Flaten 2009]. Flaten, Arne R.
Page 299 and 300: 288 [Hardwick 2000]. Hardwick, Lorn
Page 301 and 302: 290 Conference on E-Science Worksho
Page 303 and 304: 292 [Lockyear 2007]. Lockyear, Kris
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294 Cambridge, MA: Association for
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296 [Ntzios et al. 2007]. Ntzios, K
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298 [Reddy and Crane 2006]. Reddy,
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300 [Rydberg-Cox 2009]. Rydberg-Cox
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302 [Smith 2010]. Smith, D. Neel.
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304 and the Canadian Academic Commu
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306 [Wallom et al. 2009]. Wallom, D
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