Vehicle safety is global - Global NCAP

NCAP
New Car Assessment Programs
Vehicle
safety is
global

The world
is getting
smaller.
In today’s global marketplace the options for goods and services are endless, but it can be hard for consumers to
sort through them and make choices that are in their best interests. Nowhere is that more true than in the worldwide
automotive market, where new car buyers are presented with a dizzying array of vehicles in all shapes, sizes,
and price ranges that come with a wide variety of features and safety technologies.
Fortunately, vehicle buyers can increasingly turn for guidance to independent new car assessment and crash
test programs that have been established or are being set up in countries around the world. By operating vehicle
test programs under internationally recognized protocols, these New Car Assessment Programs (NCAPs) aim to
provide consumers with safety information that will assist their purchasing decisions.
The United Nations resolution proclaiming 2011-20 the Decade of Action for Road Safety lists vehicle safety as
a central pillar of the road safety activities. The UN’s global plan for the decade of action calls on countries to
encourage implementation of NCAPs in all regions of the world and to recognize the importance of safety belts, as
well as more recent innovations such as electronic stability control and antilock braking systems in motorcycles.
These features have been promoted and factored into vehicle testing by NCAPs for years. In the global automotive
marketplace, consumers’ rights are being championed by these programs, with support from a range of stakeholders
including governments, motoring clubs, and insurers.
NCAP: Vehicle Safety is Global is the theme for this joint presence by a number of NCAPs at this ESV Conference.
It reflects the strategic aim that consumers around the world should have access to safety ratings and information
when shopping for a new vehicle.
Please read on to learn about the activities of these various New Car Assessment Programs and the way they
operate in their different countries and regions.4

globalncap.org
60 Trafalgar Square
London WC2N 5DS
UNITED KINGDOM
T +44 (0) 20 7 747 5195
info@globalncap.org
UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon and Michael Bloomberg at the launch of the Decade of Action
Promoting Safer Cars Worldwide
Over the next 10 years the number of passenger vehicles on the planet
is expected to double. Most of that growth is taking place in emerging
markets, where the road safety challenge is greatest. For the first time
last year sales of passenger vehicles in those countries exceeded those
in mature economies.
The Global New Car Assessment Programme (Global NCAP) is a new
nonprofit organization registered in the United Kingdom that aims to
meet this challenge by encouraging the worldwide availability of independent
consumer information about the safety of motor vehicles.
Global NCAP has been established to support the goals of the UN
Decade of Action for Road Safety, which aims to cut in half the
predicted increase in road fatalities by 2020. New car assessment
programs have proved very effective in creating a market for safety that
encourages car purchasers to choose safer products, and the UN plan
encourages their establishment throughout the world.
Global NCAP promotes the development of NCAPs and similar organizations
worldwide and encourages best practices in the use of consumer
information to promote road safety. The organization has adopted the
following mission statement:
• Global NCAP aims to support the development of new consumer
crash test programs in emerging markets, where vehicle growth is
strong but independent consumer information on crashworthiness
is frequently not readily available. To achieve this, Global NCAP
will offer support to new car assessment programs in emerging
economies and regions by offering technical support guidance and
quality assurance.
• Global NCAP will also provide a platform for cooperation for NCAPs
and similar organizations around the world to share best practices, to
further exchange information, and to promote the use of consumer
information to encourage the manufacture of safer cars across the
global automotive market.
• Global NCAP will carry out research on innovations in vehicle safety
technologies, their application in global markets, and the range of
policies that will accelerate their use and will monitor the progress of
vehicle safety across the globe.
• Global NCAP will also develop a global awards scheme to recognize
achievement in vehicle safety, innovation in safety-related technologies,
and products.
In line with this mission statement, Global NCAP in 2011 will be
supporting the work of Latin NCAP and seeking cooperation with
established vehicle safety organizations around the world.
Global NCAP is governed by a board of trustees, chaired by Max
Mosley, former president of the Federation Internationale de l’Automobile
(FIA) and past chairman of the European New Car Assessment
Programme. Other trustees include Guido Adriaenssens, of International
Consumer Research & Testing; Lauchlan McIntosh, chairman of the
Australasian New Car Assessment Program; Claes Tingvall, former
chairman of the European New Car Assessment Programme; and David
Ward, of the FIA Foundation.
Global NCAP is pleased to acknowledge grant support from the
FIA Foundation.

latinncap.com
26 de Marzo 3454
Of. 102 / ZC 11300
Montevideo
URUGUAy
T +598 2628 8815
secretaria@latinncap.com
Latin NCAP provides consumers with realistic and independent assessments
of the safety performance of some of the most popular vehicles
sold in Latin America and the Caribbean. By acting as a source of
independent information for consumers, Latin NCAP gives manufacturers
an incentive to improve the safety of their vehicles.
Latin NCAP is a joint initiative of Region IV of the Federation Internationale
de l’Automobile (FIA), the FIA Foundation, International Consumer
Research & Testing (ICRT), and Fundación Gonzalo Rodríguez. It is
sponsored by the Inter-American Development Bank and is based in
Montevideo, Uruguay.
Mission
To deliver the vision of safer cars through:
• Dialogue. As an advocate for safety, Latin NCAP works with all
stakeholders, including legislators, manufacturers, researchers,
other NCAP organizations, and insurers, to identify new priorities
and encourage best practices.
• Tests. Latin NCAP releases two types of ratings, adult occupant
protection and child occupant protection, based on results of a
frontal test.
• Adult occupant protection. Points are awarded from the frontal
test. Modifiers are also given to extend the assessment to cover
different sizes of people in a variety of seating positions, in particular
for the knee contact area. In the future, Latin NCAP plans to reward
vehicles that have intelligent seat belt reminders as part of its adult
protection rating.
• Child occupant protection. Based on the Euro NCAP model, Latin
NCAP has carried out a child occupant safety assessment since
its first test to ensure that manufacturers take responsibility for the
children traveling in their vehicles. Dummies representing 18-monthold
and 3-year-old children are used in the frontal test. Child seat fit
and vehicle instructions are also reviewed to make sure a seat can
be installed safely and securely.
• Ratings. Latin NCAP aims to stimulate the market by providing
independent information to consumers, the media, member
organizations, fleet buyers, and insurers.
• Innovation. The organization sets high safety targets for manufacturers
and encourages the development of new technologies.
• Evaluation. The effectiveness of Latin NCAP’s activities is measured
through accident analysis in order to shape future work.

car.go.kr
Vehicle Management Division, Ministry
of Land, Transport & Maritime Affairs
Jungang-dong, Gawcheon-city, Gyeonggi-do
REPUBLIC OF KOREA
T +82-2-2110-8698
Dr. Jaewan Lee: jwlee@ts2020.kr
The Korean New Car Assessment Program (KNCAP) is conducted by
the Korea Automobile Testing Research Institute of the Korea Transportation
Safety Authority under the auspices of the Ministry of Land,
Transport, and Maritime Affairs of The Republic of Korea. KNCAP was
introduced in 1999 to encourage vehicle manufacturers to build safer
cars by providing consumers with vehicle safety information.
KNCAP began with full-width frontal tests and has gradually increased
the number of evaluations. Today the program includes full-width frontal
tests, side tests, frontal offset tests using a deformable barrier, pole
side impacts, evaluations of seats for whiplash prevention in rear-end
collisions, and pedestrian protection evaluations. For active safety,
rollover resistance and braking performance are measured.
Since 2010, KNCAP has published overall safety ratings consisting of
scores in the two frontal tests, the side-impact test, the pole test, and
the whiplash test. Vehicles are rated on a 5-point scale. KNCAP also
presents an award for the safest car of the year.
The ratings are primarily for passenger vehicles. Small trucks and buses
are evaluated from time to time, depending on the number sold.
Since the introduction of KNCAP in 1999, many safety features have
become standard equipment in most passenger vehicles. In the beginning,
airbags were expensive and were standard equipment in only
high-end passenger vehicles. Now airbags (frontal, side, and curtain)
are standard in most models. Today most passenger vehicles earn 4
stars or more, evidence that KNCAP has been successful in its mission
of improving vehicle safety.
CURRENT CrashWORThiness ProgramS
• full-width frontal crash test
• side-impact crash test
• frontal offset test
• pole side-impact test
• rear tests for whiplash prevention
• pedestrian protection evaluation
CURRENT Active Safety ProgramS
• braking performance (vehicles with antilock brakes)
• rollover resistance (only SUVs)
fUTURE Plans
• include 5th percentile female dummy in crash tests
• new comprehensive rating system
• new deformable barrier for side-impact tests

euroncap.com
2 Place du Luxembourg
1050 Brussels
BELGIUM
T +32 2 400 77 40
info@euroncap.com
The European New Car Assessment Programme provides consumers
with a realistic and independent assessment of the safety performance
of some of the most popular cars sold in Europe. The organization has
had an important influence on vehicle designs, leading to fewer traffic
deaths on European roads.
Established in 1997, Euro NCAP is a nonprofit international association,
independent of the automotive industry. It’s backed by seven European
governments (France, Germany, Sweden, the Netherlands, the United
Kingdom, Luxembourg, and the Catalonia region of Spain), consumer
groups through International Consumer Research and Testing, European
motoring clubs through the Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile,
and the Motor Insurance Repair Research Centre (Thatcham).
CURRENT crashWORThiness programs
Vehicle buyers owe it to themselves and their families to choose the
safest vehicle. To do so they need reliable, accurate, and unbiased
comparative information regarding the safety performance of individual
models. By law, all new models must pass safety tests before they
are sold, but these are minimum standards. Euro NCAP encourages
manufacturers to exceed these minimum requirements. Euro NCAP has
tested more than 400 vehicles since 1997.
Euro NCAP releases an overall rating with a maximum of 5 stars for each
vehicle. The rating is comprised of scores in four important areas:
• adult protection (driver and passenger)
• child protection
The underlying dynamic tests include full-scale frontal and side-impact
tests, front-end component tests for pedestrian protection, and sled
tests for whiplash prevention during rear-end crashes. Seat belt
reminders, speed limiters, and electronic stability control also boost a
vehicle’s rating.
Rewarding New Technologies: Euro NCAP Advanced
Since 2010, Euro NCAP has been rewarding vehicle manufacturers
that make available new technologies that provide a scientifically proven
safety benefit for consumers and society. Many of these technologies
focus on avoiding crashes by informing, advising, and alerting drivers
about dangerous situations. Some of them initiate autonomous braking
as well. Recognizing these advances under Euro NCAP Advanced provides
an incentive to manufacturers to accelerate the availability of new
safety equipment across their model ranges and helps vehicle buyers
factor these features into their purchase decisions.
fUTURE Plans
In 2012-15, Euro NCAP will be conducting extensive reviews of almost
all its testing and assessment procedures. The objective is to make the
5-star rating system even more meaningful in terms of real-world performance
and the advancement of safety technology. Work has commenced
on the development of an additional full-width frontal impact
test using different-size dummies. There are also plans to implement a
number of new test procedures focusing on emerging crash avoidance
technologies and speed support systems.
• pedestrian protection
• safety assist technologies

Latin NCAP
Hybrid III
50%
P3
ODB 40% 0º
64 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
P1.5
• Credit for seat belt reminder
• Child occupant protection
• 2 star ratings (1-5) for
adult and child protection
• Pedestrian protection tests
KNCAP
0º Hybrid III
50%
56 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
50%
ODB 40% 0º
64 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
ES-2
MDB: EEVC
950 kg
55 km/h
90º
ES-2
• Whiplash mitigation tests
• Rollover resistance testing
• Brake evaluations
• Single star rating (1-5)
based on all results
except brakes
29 km/h
Euro NCAP
ODB 40% 0º
Hybrid III
50%
P3
64 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
P1.5
P3
ES-2
P1.5
MDB: EEVC
950 kg
50 km/h
90º
29 km/h
ES-2
• Pedestrian protection tests
• Credit for ESC, speed
limiters, seat belt reminder
• Child occupant protection
• Whiplash mitigation tests
• Single star rating based on
all results
• Beyond NCAP awards for
innovative driver assistance
technology
Test configurations
Test diagrams adapted from:
SafetyWissen by
www.carhs.de

IIHS
Hybrid III
50%
ODB 40% 0º
64 km/h
SID IIs SID IIs
MDB: IIHS
1,500 kg
50 km/h
90º
• Whiplash mitigation tests
• Vehicle rating scale — good,
acceptable, marginal, poor
• TOP SAFETY PICK awarded to models
that are rated good in all evaluations
and offer ESC
• Booster belt fit assessments —
BEST BETS, GOOD BETS,
not recommended, other
• Low-speed damageability testing
• Pedestrian protection tests
JNCAP
0º Hybrid III
50%
55 km/h
Hybrid III
50%
Hybrid III
5%
64 km/h
ODB 40% 0º
Hybrid III
50%
55 km/h
90º
MDB: EEVC
950 kg
ES-2
• Child occupant protection
• Whiplash mitigation tests
• Brake evaluations
• Single star rating (1-6) for
occupant protection only
• Grand Prix Award for best
vehicles of the year
ANCAP
Hybrid III
50%
64 km/h
ODB 40% 0º
Hybrid III
50%
50 km/h ES-2
90º
MDB: EEVC
950 kg
ES-2
• Pedestrian protection tests
• Credit for ABS, ESC, seat belt
reminder
• Child occupant protection
• Single star rating (1-5) based
on all results
P3
P1.5
29 km/h
U.S. NCAP
0 º
Hybrid III
50%
56 km/h
Hybrid III
5%
ES-2re
50%
SID IIs
5%
55 km/h
62 km/h
MDB: U.S. FMVSS 214
1,368 kg
SID IIs
5%
32 km/h
75º
15º
• Rollover resistance testing
• Single star rating (1-5)
based on all results
• Recommends ESC,
forward-collision warning,
and lane-departure warning
meeting U.S. NCAP criteria

Global NCAP
Frontal offset test of a Geely CK1 at 64 km/h by Latin NCAP,
one of the new programs that Global NCAP is assisting
4
Test photos
KNCAP
Side impact crash test of a Hyundai Avante at 55 km/h
4
Latin NCAP
Frontal offset test of a Toyota Corolla at 64 km/h
4
Euro NCAP
Frontal test at 64 km/h by Euro NCAP (2010)
4

IIHS
IIHS a crashworthiness R&D test at
64 km/h, 25 percent overlap with rigid barrier
4
ANCAP
First crash test of the Chery J1 (3-star rating)
4
JNCAP
Pedestrian leg protection performance test
at 40 km/h using a FLEX leg impactor (new in 2011)
4
U.S. NCAP
Side impact pole test at 32 km/h, 75-degree impact angle
4

iihs.org
Vehicle Research Center
988 Dairy Road
Ruckersville, VA 22968
USA
T +1 (434) 985-4600
vrc@iihs.org
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, founded in 1959, is an independent,
nonprofit, scientific, and educational organization dedicated to
reducing the losses — deaths, injuries, and property damage — from
crashes on the nation’s highways. The work of IIHS is wholly supported
by U.S. insurers.
The Institute’s Vehicle Research Center was dedicated in 1992, and
crash research conducted there eventually led to IIHS front crashworthiness
ratings in 1995. At the same time, IIHS was rating vehicle head
restraint geometry to encourage designs better able to mitigate whiplash
injuries. IIHS added side crashworthiness ratings in 2004 and also
began basing its whiplash mitigation ratings on results of simulated rear
crashes (sled tests). In 2009, IIHS began rating roof strength to promote
better rollover crashworthiness.
TOP SAFETY PICK, IIHS’s highest safety accolade, was initiated in
2006 to help consumers easily identify those vehicle designs that had
achieved the highest level of crashworthiness as indicated by results
of IIHS tests. It has also been used to promote other life-saving safety
features such as electronic stability control (ESC). TOP SAFETY PICK
continues to evolve, ever raising the bar for safety in the U.S.
CURRENT programs
IIHS maintains front, side, roof, and whiplash mitigation ratings for about
190 current model vehicle designs that represent about 92 percent of
the new passenger vehicle fleet in the United States. Research using
crash records indicates that occupants of vehicles with good ratings in
IIHS tests have reduced risk of injury and death:
• In 2-vehicle frontal crashes, the driver fatality risk in vehicles with
good IIHS front ratings is 46 percent lower than in those rated poor.
• Among vehicles with standard side airbags for the head and torso,
those with good IIHS side crash ratings have a driver fatality risk that
is 70 percent less than that of those rated poor.
• Research that led to the initiation of IIHS roof strength tests
indicates that the risk of serious injury or death is reduced by 34
percent in rollover crashes among good-rated vehicles compared
with poor ones.
• The risk of neck injury in rear crashes is 15 percent lower for drivers
in seats with good ratings than for those in seats rated poor. For
injuries lasting 3 months or more, the difference is 35 percent.
In addition to front, side, roof, and rear safety crash ratings, IIHS
rates vehicle bumpers for their ability to prevent expensive damage
in low-speed crashes. Since 2008, IIHS has rated belt-fitting booster
seats for their ability to correctly position safety belts on children in a
variety of vehicles.
fUTURE plans
IIHS researchers are developing a new frontal crash test to evaluate
a vehicle’s ability to protect occupants in frontal crashes with smaller
overlap than the current IIHS frontal test.
IIHS researchers are monitoring real-world performance of driver assistance
and crash avoidance technologies with the intention of promoting
those that are shown to be effective at helping drivers avoid crashes.
Recent IIHS research suggests the possible need for comparison testing
of heavy truck underride guards.

www.nasva.go.jp
6-1-25 Koji-machi, Chiyoda-ku
Tokyo 102-0083
JAPAN
JARI test facility
Inset: NASVA headquarters
T +81-3-5276-4477
admin@nasva.go.jp
The Japan New Car Assessment Program (JNCAP) has been evaluating
the safety of vehicles since 1995. The program aims to encourage the
development and widespread use of safer vehicles by providing safety
information to consumers. It is carried out by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
Transport, and Tourism and the National Agency for Automotive
Safety and Victims’ Aid (NASVA). Testing is conducted at the Japan
Automobile Research Institute.
JNCAP releases overall ratings of crash safety performance of more
than 100 models, covering more than 80 percent of new vehicles sold
on the Japanese market. Child seat safety tests — a frontal collision
test and a usability test —have been part of the program since 2001.
Since 2007, NASVA has been awarding the JNCAP Grand Prix to the
vehicle model that earns the best ratings among all vehicle models that
were evaluated for the first time in a given year.
CURRENT CRASHWORTHINESS PROGRAMS
JNCAP began with full-width frontal tests and braking performance
tests in 1995. A side-impact test was added in 1999, followed by a
frontal offset test the following year. Overall crash performance ratings
have been released since 2000, based on the three crash tests.
The following tests and evaluations are also conducted:
• neck injury (whiplash) mitigation test for rear-end collision
performance (since 2009)
• rear seat belt usability evaluation (since 2009)
• passenger seat belt reminder evaluation
• evaluation of rear-seat passenger protection as part of
the frontal offset test (since 2009)
A 2007 analysis of crash data showed a correlation between a vehicle’s
JNCAP rating and the rate of fatality and seriously injury. Based on this
research, it is estimated that more than 5,000 fatalities and more than
130,000 serious injuries were prevented from 1995 to 2007 as a result
of JNCAP’s work.
FUTURE PLANS
In 2011, JNCAP intends to begin testing vehicles for pedestrian leg
protection and for protection against electrical shock after a collision.
JNCAP also plans to start a new overall rating for safety performance
that will combine not only the results of all the crash tests, but also
head and leg pedestrian protection and the seat belt reminder evaluation.
In addition, JNCAP is studying evaluation methods for crash
avoidance technologies.
• pedestrian head protection performance test (since 2003)
• side curtain airbag evaluation (conducted along with the side
collision test since 2008)

ancap.com.au
PO Box 4041
Manuka ACT 2603
AUSTRALIA
T +61 2 6232 0232
ancap@ancap.com.au
CRASH TESTING FOR CONSUMERS
Every 15 minutes someone in Australia or New Zealand is killed or seriously
injured in a motor vehicle crash — more than 35,000 adults and
children every year. While road deaths are declining, five people a day
die in crashes, with a cost to the community of about $50 million a day.
The Australasian New Car Assessment Program (ANCAP) is the leading
independent vehicle safety advocate in Australasia, informing consumers
about the levels of occupant protection offered by new vehicles.
Since 1993, ANCAP has crash-tested and published results for more
than 300 vehicles. The independent crash test program provides comparative
star ratings on different vehicles.
ANCAP’s growing influence is shown in the increasing numbers of vehicle
ads that refer to the ANCAP star ratings and in the heavy emphasis
the industry now places on safety. The program enjoys a collaborative
relationship with the Australasian automotive industry, governments,
consumers, and the media.
ANCAP is supported by Australian and New Zealand motoring clubs, the
governments of Australia and New Zealand, Australian state road agencies,
the Victorian Transport Accident Commission, NRMA Insurance,
and the FIA Foundation.
CURRENT CRASHWORTHINESS PROGRAMS
The ANCAP crash test regime includes the following tests:
• a frontal offset test (running the vehicle into a barrier at 64 km/h)
• a side-impact test (running a 950-kilogram moving barrier into the
side of the vehicle at 50 km/h)
• a pedestrian test (assessing the vehicle’s design for protecting
pedestrians and other vulnerable road users in a crash)
• a pole test (running the side of the vehicle into a pole in line with the
driver’s head at 29 km/h to test side airbag protection).
Crash test dummies provide vital information about the effects of a
crash on vehicle occupants.
The chances of being killed or seriously injured in a 1-star ANCAP-rated
vehicle are twice that of a 5-star vehicle.
FUTURE PLANS
ANCAP has released its blueprint for encouraging safer vehicles on
the Australasian new car market over the next five years. The launch
of ANCAP’s 2011-15 Road Map follows consultation with members
and stakeholders, overseas NCAP organizations, Australia’s Federal
Chamber of Automotive Industries, and the Motor Industry Association
of New Zealand.
The Road Map is part of a continuing process by ANCAP to encourage
early introduction of vehicle safety features into manufacturers’ production
processes and to help consumers understand the valuable benefits
of the star ratings.
Revamped ANCAP star ratings will require minimum performance levels
for pedestrian safety, whiplash protection, and roof strength as part of
the rating process. In addition, the new rating system will encourage
life-saving safety assist technologies such as head-protecting side
airbags, seat belt reminders, electronic stability control, daytime running
lights, and emergency brake assist.

safercar.gov
NHTSA/U.S. NCAP
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20590
USA
T +1 888-327-4236
crash.test@dot.gov
The United States New Car Assessment Program (U.S. NCAP) is a flagship
consumer information program of the U.S. Department of Transportation’s
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).
NHTSA pursues its mission of reducing motor vehicle crash-related
deaths and injuries through Federal motor vehicle safety standards and
other regulations. It also conducts consumer vehicle safety programs,
including U.S. NCAP, which educates consumers about vehicle safety
and encourages manufacturers to produce vehicles that exceed minimum
Federal safety requirements.
U.S. NCAP began in 1978 with frontal crashworthiness testing and
information, and has grown in scope since then. Today it uses a 5-star
system to rate vehicles for frontal and side crashworthiness and rollover
resistance. The program was enhanced for the 2011 model year. It also
recommends advanced crash avoidance technologies that meet U.S.
NCAP criteria. U.S. NCAP-driven vehicle safety improvements have
helped significantly reduce crash-related deaths and injuries in the U.S.
CURRENT Programs
U.S. NCAP provides consumers with a variety of vehicle safety ratings
and information via its user-friendly website, www.safercar.gov. A safety
rating label is also required on the window sticker of all new vehicles.
This gives consumers another source for U.S. NCAP ratings and
ensures they have this information at the point of sale. Each vehicle’s
rating and safety information has several components:
• In addition to full-frontal crashworthiness testing, U.S. NCAP
conducts two types of side-impact protection testing: one simulating
a vehicle-to-vehicle collision and the other simulating a vehicle-topole
collision. The crashworthiness testing incorporates both 50th
percentile male and 5th percentile female dummies, and ratings are
based on a wide range of injury criteria.
• Rollover resistance ratings are based on a vehicle’s static properties,
along with a dynamic test.
• An overall vehicle score combines the results of three crashworthiness
tests and the rollover resistance test into a single star rating for
simple consumer comparison.
• As part of a new focus on crash avoidance technologies, U.S. NCAP
recommends electronic stability control, lane departure warning, and
forward collision warning systems that meet U.S. NCAP criteria.
Separately, U.S. NCAP provides child restraint usability ratings to help
consumers make informed purchasing decisions.
fUTURE Plans
Two areas will drive future U.S. NCAP enhancements:
• Improvements in the safety performance of the U.S. vehicle fleet.
When appropriate, U.S. NCAP will adjust its rating system to reflect
improvements in the safety performance of the U.S. vehicle fleet,
making it more difficult for a vehicle to achieve top ratings.
• Analysis of real-world crash data to identify possible additional
crash modes and additional advanced technologies to include in
U.S. NCAP. Crash types other than frontal, side, and rollover crashes
could be addressed. Also, as more advanced technologies are
introduced in new vehicles, U.S. NCAP may consider new testing
protocols for their evaluation.

June 2011