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252 Slusariuc, G.C.; Răscolean, I.; Guţă, A.J. recommended for investments countries. For long term credits in lei, the ranking upgraded from BBB- to BBB, while debt ceiling improved from BBB to BBB+. The short term credit rating was revised to upgrade from B to F3. Fitch decreased country rating in 2008 together with Standard & Poor's, reaching even to junk – not recommended for investments, during the recession. The result of the study realised with EximBank method of rating country risk for Romania and Bulgaria is coordinated with rating given by Standard&Poor's Agency for the two states, which has rated Bulgaria better. Analysing the Sovereign Rating List made by Standard&Poor's Agency for Romania and Bulgaria, we notice that Local Currency Rate, Foreign Currency Rate, T &C Assessment Bulgaria has higher rates compared to Romania. This fact, especially in the context of global crisis, leads to a reduction of foreign investments in Romania. At the end of 2010, the foreign investments in Romania had a value of 52,585 billion euro. Table 3. Sovereign Rating List for Romania and Bulgaria Sovereign Rating List Romania Bulgaria Local Currency Rate BB+ BBB Foreign Currency Rate BB+ BBB T &C Assessment BBB+ A Source: Standard&Poor's Agency This fact, especially in the context of global crisis, leads to a reduction of foreign investments in Romania. At the end of 2010, the foreign investments in Romania had a value of 52,585 billion euro. Taking into account these aspects, can be predicted that out of these two countries in Eastern Europe, Bulgaria will have a better evolution, which is not at all ecstatic for Romania. REFERENCES: [1]. Costică, I.; Lazărescu, S. (2004) Politici si tehnici bancare, Editura ASE, Bucuresti [2]. Dedu, V. (2008) Gestiune şi audit bancar, Editura Economica, Bucureşti [3]. Duduian, M. (1999) Evaluarea riscului de ţară, Editura All Beck, Bucureşti [4]. Brezeanu, P. (2009) Country Risk Within CEE Area: Empirical Perspective On Corporate Cost Of Equity, Annals of the University of Petroşani, Economics, 9(3), pp.81-86 [5]. http://www.bnb.bg [Accessed on May 2011] [6]. http://www.nsi.bg/indexen.php [Accessed on May 2011] [7]. http://www.bnr.ro/Investitiile-straine-directe-(ISD)-in-Romania-3174.aspx [Accessed on May 2011] [8]. http://www.standardandpoors.com/ratings/sovereigns/ratings-list/en/us/ [Accessed on May 2011]
Annals of the University of Petroşani, Economics, 11(1), 2011, 253-260 253 THE EVOLUTION OF MARKETING METHODS IN A TOURISM ASSOCIATION FROM ROMANIA MARIA STOIAN ∗ ABSTRACT: The aim of this article is to present how to apply marketing methods, older and newer ones, to the action plan of a tourism association. I chose for this study the National Association of Rural, Ecological and Cultural Tourism from Romania (ANTREC), since I had available a series of chronological information on which I was capable to adapt the idea that I wanted to highlight. The conclusions that I reached from this analysis are closely related to the idea that, like other industries, the type of marketing practiced in a tourism association must adapt continually, to be innovative and to highlight by his unique style and his results. For the preparation work I used only the database of ANTREC Romania. KEY WORDS: marketing, marketing methods, rural tourism, promotion JET CLASSIFICATION: M31 1. THE ROLE AND OBJECTIVES OF ASSOCIATIONS IN TOURISM 1.1. The appearance of associations in tourism field Tourism associations arose from the necessity to streamline some complex processes that a manager / owner of a hotel / guesthouse / restaurant / travel agency, etc. could not achieve individually, both economically and because of the time factor that it involves. The concept of association was seen with some skepticism at first because no one knew what it entails, what obligations will have the members, what benefits will be and if they can get used or not with that kind of activity. Starting from the idea that "where are many, the power increasing", the concept of association was able to highlight some of the actors in tourism, especially of those who already collaborated or had heard of similar organizations in other countries or even from Romania, but in other areas. ∗ Assoc. Prof., Ph.D., University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania, prof.maria.stoian@gmail.com
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