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increase employability and employment. Hence, the new public service model including
employment services developed under this operation will base on such a comprehensive strategy
named as personal pathways to work approach and identified in the Box 2 below.
Box 2: Personal Pathways to Work
As discussed above, training is important for all disadvantaged persons as low education and
skills are their common problems. However, disadvantaged persons are composed of different
people having different specific needs. Therefore, trainings and other active measures should be
supplemented by other measures, which are defined as guidance and rehabilitation services and
awareness raising activities below. Supplementary supports may be in the form of psychological
help (especially for women, ex-convicts and ex-prisoners and disabled) in order to motivate them
towards trainings and jobs, personal guidance to support them in the process, involving
employers, family members and larger society to break the prejudices and negative attitude
towards them. This implies a need for a ‘personalized support’ rather than simply involving them
in existing services of İŞKUR. Therefore, within the scope of Operation:
- Active Labour Market Programmes (ALMPs), i.e., training and re-training including
vocational and on-the-job trainings, job search assistance, job and vocational guidance and
counselling services, and entrepreneurship trainings/supports, targeting disadvantaged persons
should be implemented with an extensive approach in a way to include following dimensions,
- Guidance and counselling services for those who may be directed towards the labour market
through any type of guidance and counselling services,
- Rehabilitation programmes, especially in the cases of the disabled, ex-convicts, ex-prisoners,
who need physical and/or psychological rehabilitation before taking part in any other activity to
be employed,
- Awareness raising activities to inform the target groups on their legislative rights, existing
services of public institutions and the ways to access to these services as well as to tackle with
prejudices against them in the society/workplaces, which stand as the main obstacle hindering
their access to labour market.
Developments outlined above intensified the registration of the disadvantaged persons in
İŞKUR’s database. But, İŞKUR is lack of a public employment services for providing effective
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