REGIONAL COOPERATION AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
REGIONAL COOPERATION AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION REGIONAL COOPERATION AND ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENTS AND REGIONAL COOPERATION 2.5. Export competitiveness to EU markets The European Union is the most important export destination for all observed countries. That is why in this part of the paper the emphasis is on the analysis of export competitiveness to EU markets. As an indicator of export competitiveness we use the ratio between the export share of individual product i to observed markets and total import of that product from observed market. The comparison of the export competitiveness between domestic production activities is shown in figure 2. Figure 2: The indicator of total export competitiveness to EU 25 markets 0,40 0,35 0,30 0,25 0,20 0,15 0,10 0,05 - 2002 2004 2006 Source: COMEXT, own calculations. Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Macedonia Serbia and Montenegro According to the total indicator of competitiveness Croatia has the best position to the EU 25 markets relative to the other observed countries. Macedonia has the lowest value of the indicator. Although Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia and Serbia and Montenegro have significantly lower levels of total competitiveness to the EU 25 than Croatia, there are positive trends in the growth of competitiveness. More detailed view about competitiveness is shown in table 5 where the competitiveness of individual economic sectors is shown. The obtained results lead to the conclusion that Croatia has a significantly better position in terms of EU-25 markets compared to other countries. All countries improved their position to EU markets from 2002 to 2006 in agricultural products. While Croatia faced deteriorating the export competitiveness in textiles and clothing, Macedonia and Serbia and Montenegro improved competitiveness in these sectors. The characteristic of Bosnia and Herzegovina is a significant improvement of export competitiveness in transport equipment. 85
PART I: Table 5: The indicator of export competitiveness to EU 25 markets by sectors Bosnia and Herzegovina 2002 2004 2006 I. PRIMARY PRODUCTS 0.11 0.12 0.10 Agricultural products 0.15 0.18 0.18 Energy 0.02 0.00 0.01 II. MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 0.07 0.10 0.14 Machinery 0.01 0.02 0.05 Transport equipment 0.02 0.12 0.18 Chemicals 0.01 0.01 0.04 Textiles and clothing 0.19 0.18 0.16 Croatia 2002 2004 2006 I. PRIMARY PRODUCTS 0.27 0.26 0.24 Agricultural products 0.53 0.50 0.76 Energy 0.09 0.09 0.05 II. MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 0.35 0.45 0.39 Machinery 0.20 0.29 0.29 Transport equipment 0.12 0.50 0.28 Chemicals 0.37 0.42 0.36 Textiles and clothing 0.86 0.77 0.56 Macedonia 2002 2004 2006 I. PRIMARY PRODUCTS 0.05 0.05 0.05 Agricultural products 0.11 0.12 0.17 Energy - 0.01 0.00 II. MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 0.07 0.09 0.11 Machinery 0.01 0.01 0.01 Transport equipment 0.01 0.01 0.01 Chemicals 0.01 0.01 0.01 Textiles and clothing 0.36 0.40 0.45 Serbia And Montenegro 2002 2004 2006 I. PRIMARY PRODUCTS 0.27 0.24 0.24 Agricultural products 0.55 0.49 0.61 Energy 0.02 0.01 0.01 II. MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 0.12 0.14 0.21 Machinery 0.04 0.04 0.06 Transport equipment 0.11 0.05 0.07 Chemicals 0.09 0.17 0.19 Textiles and clothing 0.24 0.23 0.30 Source: COMEXT, own calculations. 86
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PART I:<br />
Table 5: The indicator of export competitiveness to EU 25 markets by sectors<br />
Bosnia and Herzegovina<br />
2002 2004 2006<br />
I. PRIMARY PRODUCTS 0.11 0.12 0.10<br />
Agricultural products 0.15 0.18 0.18<br />
Energy 0.02 0.00 0.01<br />
II. MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 0.07 0.10 0.14<br />
Machinery 0.01 0.02 0.05<br />
Transport equipment 0.02 0.12 0.18<br />
Chemicals 0.01 0.01 0.04<br />
Textiles and clothing 0.19 0.18 0.16<br />
Croatia<br />
2002 2004 2006<br />
I. PRIMARY PRODUCTS 0.27 0.26 0.24<br />
Agricultural products 0.53 0.50 0.76<br />
Energy 0.09 0.09 0.05<br />
II. MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 0.35 0.45 0.39<br />
Machinery 0.20 0.29 0.29<br />
Transport equipment 0.12 0.50 0.28<br />
Chemicals 0.37 0.42 0.36<br />
Textiles and clothing 0.86 0.77 0.56<br />
Macedonia<br />
2002 2004 2006<br />
I. PRIMARY PRODUCTS 0.05 0.05 0.05<br />
Agricultural products 0.11 0.12 0.17<br />
Energy - 0.01 0.00<br />
II. MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 0.07 0.09 0.11<br />
Machinery 0.01 0.01 0.01<br />
Transport equipment 0.01 0.01 0.01<br />
Chemicals 0.01 0.01 0.01<br />
Textiles and clothing 0.36 0.40 0.45<br />
Serbia And Montenegro<br />
2002 2004 2006<br />
I. PRIMARY PRODUCTS 0.27 0.24 0.24<br />
Agricultural products 0.55 0.49 0.61<br />
Energy 0.02 0.01 0.01<br />
II. MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS 0.12 0.14 0.21<br />
Machinery 0.04 0.04 0.06<br />
Transport equipment 0.11 0.05 0.07<br />
Chemicals 0.09 0.17 0.19<br />
Textiles and clothing 0.24 0.23 0.30<br />
Source: COMEXT, own calculations.<br />
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