PhD Arthur Decae 2010 - Ghent Ecology - Universiteit Gent

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Acknowledgements Because this thesis consists of a series of papers that have already been published, or that are submitted for publication, acknowledgements are provided separately with each paper or in each chapter. The thesis could not have been written however without the help of others not directly involved in the published material. My special thanks go to Dr. Rudy Jocqué and the late Prof. Dr. Jean–Pierre Maelfait for their warm enthusiasm, active help and provision of the conditions in which this project could succeed. I furthermore thank Jean-Pierre for taking-up the position as my promotor and for the valuable advice he gave me in the earlier stages of the work. I am also very grateful to Prof. Dr. Dries Bonte for taking over the difficult task of being my promotor after the tragic and much too early death of Jean-Pierre and to Prof. Dr. Luc Lens for his friendly help and willingness to give me a place to work at the TEREC laboratories. I thank the members of the promotion committees Prof. Dr. D. Bonte, Dr. R. Jocqué, Prof. Dr. F. Hendrickx, Prof. Dr. J. Mertens, Dr. R. Bosmans and Dr. Jan Bosselaers for their enthusiasm to contribute to my studies and I thank all my colleague PhD students for the friendly reception they provided me at the TEREC laboratories. I thank the University of Gent for accepting me as a student and for financing the expenses made in order to successfully carry out this thesis work. I am also greatly indebted to many personal friends and family members for their mental support and the constant interest they showed in the progression of my spider work. Finally I thank Nollie Hallensleben, my wife and life’s companion for over forty years, for her help in preparing this thesis. A thesis usually marks the beginning of a scientific career and is therefore accompanied by a curriculum vitae and a list of publications aimed to help the young doctor at a prospective professional start. That is not the case here. This thesis is written at the end of a professional career in which science did not play a central role, but was constantly present as a matter of special interest and useful background to achieve all sorts of practical goals. The motivation to nevertheless produce this thesis is that I hope to encourage interest in a branch of science that, after a providential start in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, got bogged down in its own confusion and the changing interests in the biological sciences. The study of mygalomorph spiders started off in the Mediterranean where early savants of Natural History such as J.T. Moggridge, E. Simon, A. Ausserer, O. Pickard-Cambridge, T. Thorell and others carried out their pioneering research. Their work, building a solid taxonomic basis for understanding mygalomorph spider diversity in the Mediterranean Region, unfortunately has never been satisfactorily finished. When in the course of the twentieth century the focus of biological science shifted from classical Systematics and Taxonomy to more predictive and process orientated studies, attention for biological description faded and no further progress was made in the knowledge of the Mediterranean mygalomorph spider fauna. In the awakening of modern biodiversity studies however, there is a renewed interest in questions of species identity and identification. Knowledge about how many species there are and which species occurs where is important again. Due to the unfinished taxonomical work these questions, when asked in relation to Mediterranean mygalomorph spiders, are very difficult to answer. Nevertheless, these questions are now asked by a number of young researchers that live and work in countries bordering the Mediterranean or that are located in the Mediterranean climate zone. As an older arachnologist I hope to be able to act as a mediator between the generations providing helpful background information for new studies in Phylogenetics and Phylogeography. This thesis is therefore dedicated to all these young researchers whose names feature in the acknowledgements of the here collected papers. 1
Chapter 1 General introduction. Arthur Decae August 2010 Front-page illustration. Cladograms of higher classifications of spiders (Order Araneae) Top: conventional following Platnick & Gertsch 1976. Bottom: here proposed alternative cladogram based on functional apomorphies. Lateral views of spider bodies, appendages omitted.
Page 1 and 2: Diversity and distribution of mygal
Page 3 and 4: Voor Jean-Pierre MAELFAIT Ik heb je
Page 5: Contents (page numbers and running
Page 9 and 10: diversity (Penney et. al. 2003) all
Page 11 and 12: Recently the Mediterranean has acqu
Page 13 and 14: 2. The African-Arabic Continent Aro
Page 15 and 16: Mediterranean. Recently a very dive
Page 17 and 18: The funnel-web spiders of the famil
Page 19 and 20: Coyle (1981) also negates the commo
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 2 Trapdoor spiders of the g
Page 23 and 24: The questions of whether these spec
Page 25 and 26: Genus Nemesia Audouin, 1826 Nemesia
Page 27 and 28: parts as in N. santeugenia (Fig. 46
Page 29 and 30: 1.01-1.08, more than twice as wide
Page 31 and 32: and femora; all metatarsi and tibia
Page 33 and 34: The "teeth" on the edge of the door
Page 35 and 36: Fig. 33-39: Nemesia randa sp. n., f
Page 37 and 38: santeulalia), the broken POP in the
Page 39 and 40: urrow runs almost vertically into t
Page 41 and 42: Variation (n= 6): Adult females sma
Page 43 and 44: Figs. 54-60 Nemesia santeulalia sp.
Page 45 and 46: Figs. 61-67: Nemesia ibiza sp. n.,
Page 47 and 48: Behavior: Some spiders were found t
Page 49 and 50: Figs 79-82 Trapdoors of Majorcan Ne
Page 51 and 52: urrow by N. santeugenia. Based on t
Page 53 and 54: Abstract The occurrence of the trap
Page 55 and 56: Distribution of species. Although o
Page 57 and 58:
Patellar spine formulae. PSPvar (n=
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Patellar spine formulae. PSP [p=0-0
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PMS reduced digitiform. PLS spigots
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Fig. 45 with Blasco 1986 p.346 Fig.
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the northern-most parts of the coun
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also in Catalonia (type locality ea
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figs. 1-
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25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
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49 50 51 52 53 54 Figs 49-54 Estima
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Abstract A new genus, Iberesia, is
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median spinnerets (PMS) and consequ
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Carapace: pattern indistinct (Fig.
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Iberesia castillana (Frade & Bacela
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Bacelar 1931 based on their study o
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Chapter 5 Sub-generic diversity and
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precondition for extracting valuabl
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Results MDS analysis of full data-s
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Brachythele & Raveniola Holonemesia
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Holonemesia Simon 1914 (Figs. 3, 5,
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Fig. 6 Cladogram of Holonemesia ind
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Fig. 12 Geographic distribution of
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Raven & Schwendinger 1995, Iberesia
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Character List 1. All characters ar
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29 Nemesia carminans 0000100 001010
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47 Nemesia sp.capistrano 1000000 11
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Fig. 19 Strict consensus cladogram
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Fig. 21 Strict consensus cladogram
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Abstract. The presence and origin o
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Material & Methods The material stu
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Ummidia algarve new species Figs. 2
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spines with the exception of one di
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Tar Met Tib Pat Fem Total Palp 2.9
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Variation. Total sizes (BL) in the
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Discussion Simon (1903 pp. 887-888)
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Acknowledgements This study would n
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Abstract The genus Cyrtocarenum Aus
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Doleschall 1871 from Sardinia and o
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Figs.4-7: Methods of measurements.
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Figs. 8-15: 8-9 Right palp tibia, d
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Basal segment dark reddish brown. S
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Measurements: CL=8.1; CW=7.9; SL=6.
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syntopically (sample in the Sencken
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Chapter 8 General Conclusions. Rewo
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Material and Methods In order to ev
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genera are classified in the subfam
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Knowledge of possible Saharan and s
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Summary All chapters contained in t
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dieren er een onderkomen gevonden w
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Literature Ager D.V. 1980. The Geol
Page 162 and 163:
Decae A. E. 1983. A preliminary rev
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Hu J. L. & A. H. Li. 1987. The spid
Page 166 and 167:
Platnick N.I. 1976. Drifting Spider
Page 168 and 169:
Wiehle H.1960. Der Embolus des män
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PhD Arthur Decae 2010 - Ghent Ecology - Universiteit Gent

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