"Under the Sign of Scorpion" by Juri - Gnostic Liberation Front

"Under the Sign of Scorpion" by Juri - Gnostic Liberation Front "Under the Sign of Scorpion" by Juri - Gnostic Liberation Front

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250 000 tractors were needed for the collectivisation. Kuhn, Loeb & Co. accordingly increased their aid contributions to Moscow in order to neutralise the independent peasant (he was much too dangerous for the dictators) and force him to work on the kolkhozes (kibbutzes). Eighty American companies took part in the building of three gigantic tractor factories in Russia. The factory in Stalingrad was actually built in the United States, brought to the Soviet Union in parts and fitted together in three months. Twenty-six American companies joined in this project alone. The Bolsheviks wanted to produce 50 000 tanks and caterpillar tractors each year. Factories were built in the same way in Kharkov and Chelyabinsk. The building of the last-named tractor and tank factory was planned and led by an engineer from Detroit named Calder. In the be- ginning, these factories were all supervised by Western engineers. The Americans also built a modern asbestos industry for Moscow and designed the irrigation system for Central Asia, which has now virtually destroyed the Aral Sea. It shrank from 62 000 square kilometres in 1923 to just 40 000 in 1990. The independent farmers and peasants were regarded as especially dangerous since the agricultural system had once more begun to produce a surplus of foodstuffs. The agricultural expert Vladimir Tikhonov also confirmed in Literaturnaya Gazeta on the 4th of August 1988 that Stalin's claim that the collectivisation had been undertaken due to the food shortage was entirely false. In actual fact, the agricultural system had begun recuperating fairly quickly after Lenin had given the peasants their land back and abolished the government control of them. The situation was almost normal by 1927 and Russia had once more begun exporting grain. 100 000 tons of grain were exported by Russia in 1928, 1.3 million tons in 1929, 4.8 million tons in 1930 and 5.1 million tons in 1931. At this point Stalin and Kaganovich began to implement Trotsky's insane idea of agricultural collectivisation. Stalin declared that, after the quick industrialisation (which was called 'perestroika'), they would be able to supply the cities with food from giant farms. That argument was completely fallacious, according to Tikhonov. Fifteen million people lost their homes as a result of the collectivi- sation. Many peasants ran away from the kolkhoses to the cities. One million were sent to labour camps and 12 million were deported to Siberia, because Stalin and Kaganovich had all peasants who owned more than one 340

hectare of land stamped as class enemies. The agricultural production levels sank massively after the collectivisation. After this, Stalin's henchman Kaganovich organised a famine during the years 1932-33 which sent nearly eight million Ukrainians and two million Russians in northern Caucasia, by the Volga Delta, and in other places, to their graves. The British historian Robert Conquest has even claimcd that the number of victims amounted to 15 million. ("The Harvest of Sorrow", Alberta, 1986.) Several Russian historians have arrived at the same figure. The famine was brought about by ordering troops to confiscate the entire grain reserve. The United States calmly watched as this tragedy took place. In Yalta, Stalin cynically assured Churchill and Roosevelt that ten million people had fallen victim to his reforms. He undercstimated the total, which has later been estimated at closer to 48 million. All rumours about the famine were officially denied, no help was given to the suffering areas, no (humiliating) aid from abroad would be accepted. As previously mentioned, a new famine was organised in the Ukraine between 1946 and 1947, in which two million people died. At the same time, the Ukrainians were forced to supply the Soviet Army (several million men) with food. The Chinese and Ethiopian Communists also used starvation as a weapon. The collectivisation caused an enormous erosion of earth from the usable land, which resulted in the destruction of many villages and later led to the introduction of a rationing system. The historian Sergei Kharlamov, a specialist on the circumstances sur- rounding the forced collectivisation, emphasised that the first five-year plan caused a backlash in the industrial production since the Russians wasted large amounts of metals, resources and energy, often to no pur- pose. Sergei Kharlamov even goes so far as to claim that if the German- Soviet conflict had broken out a few years later than 1941, the Soviet Union would have broken apart on its own as a result of Stalin's economy and oppression. Kharlamov wrote the following about the politics of the Soviet Union: "There were no advances. Quite the opposite, in fact." Wagens Nyheter, 7th of April 1988.) Moscow's Communist leadership becamc over more dependent on American aid. That was the intention. A similar situation occurred in China in the 1950s during the so-called "Great Lcap Forward". 341

hectare <strong>of</strong> land stamped as class enemies. The agricultural production<br />

levels sank massively after <strong>the</strong> collectivisation.<br />

After this, Stalin's henchman Kaganovich organised a famine during<br />

<strong>the</strong> years 1932-33 which sent nearly eight million Ukrainians and two<br />

million Russians in nor<strong>the</strong>rn Caucasia, <strong>by</strong> <strong>the</strong> Volga Delta, and in o<strong>the</strong>r<br />

places, to <strong>the</strong>ir graves. The British historian Robert Conquest has even<br />

claimcd that <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> victims amounted to 15 million. ("The Harvest<br />

<strong>of</strong> Sorrow", Alberta, 1986.) Several Russian historians have arrived at <strong>the</strong><br />

same figure. The famine was brought about <strong>by</strong> ordering troops to<br />

confiscate <strong>the</strong> entire grain reserve. The United States calmly watched as<br />

this tragedy took place. In Yalta, Stalin cynically assured Churchill and<br />

Roosevelt that ten million people had fallen victim to his reforms. He<br />

undercstimated <strong>the</strong> total, which has later been estimated at closer to 48<br />

million. All rumours about <strong>the</strong> famine were <strong>of</strong>ficially denied, no help was<br />

given to <strong>the</strong> suffering areas, no (humiliating) aid from abroad would be<br />

accepted.<br />

As previously mentioned, a new famine was organised in <strong>the</strong> Ukraine<br />

between 1946 and 1947, in which two million people died. At <strong>the</strong> same<br />

time, <strong>the</strong> Ukrainians were forced to supply <strong>the</strong> Soviet Army (several<br />

million men) with food. The Chinese and Ethiopian Communists also used<br />

starvation as a weapon.<br />

The collectivisation caused an enormous erosion <strong>of</strong> earth from <strong>the</strong><br />

usable land, which resulted in <strong>the</strong> destruction <strong>of</strong> many villages and later<br />

led to <strong>the</strong> introduction <strong>of</strong> a rationing system.<br />

The historian Sergei Kharlamov, a specialist on <strong>the</strong> circumstances sur-<br />

rounding <strong>the</strong> forced collectivisation, emphasised that <strong>the</strong> first five-year<br />

plan caused a backlash in <strong>the</strong> industrial production since <strong>the</strong> Russians<br />

wasted large amounts <strong>of</strong> metals, resources and energy, <strong>of</strong>ten to no pur-<br />

pose. Sergei Kharlamov even goes so far as to claim that if <strong>the</strong> German-<br />

Soviet conflict had broken out a few years later than 1941, <strong>the</strong> Soviet<br />

Union would have broken apart on its own as a result <strong>of</strong> Stalin's economy<br />

and oppression. Kharlamov wrote <strong>the</strong> following about <strong>the</strong> politics <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

Soviet Union: "There were no advances. Quite <strong>the</strong> opposite, in fact."<br />

Wagens Nyheter, 7th <strong>of</strong> April 1988.) Moscow's Communist leadership<br />

becamc over more dependent on American aid. That was <strong>the</strong> intention. A<br />

similar situation occurred in China in <strong>the</strong> 1950s during <strong>the</strong> so-called<br />

"Great Lcap Forward".<br />

341

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