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"Under the Sign of Scorpion" by Juri - Gnostic Liberation Front

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Union's most important diplomats were also Jews. There were also Jewish<br />

functionaries within <strong>the</strong> first Soviet representation in Stockholm, for<br />

instance Aaron Zimmermann.<br />

Here follows a list <strong>of</strong> just a few <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most powerful Jews in <strong>the</strong> early<br />

Soviet administration. The prosecutor general was D. Kursky. The lawyer<br />

<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Council <strong>of</strong> People's Commissaries was Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich<br />

(1873-1955). Yemelyan Yaroslavsky (Minei Gubelman, 1878-1943)<br />

became <strong>the</strong> Kremlin's Commissar and <strong>the</strong> secretary <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Central Com-<br />

mittee. It was he who led <strong>the</strong> take-over <strong>of</strong> power in Moscow.<br />

O<strong>the</strong>r leading Jews: Moisei Frumkin (who became people's commissary<br />

for finance and foreign affairs), Adolf Y<strong>of</strong>fe, Karl Radek (Tobiach Sobel-<br />

sohn), Sara Khavkina (worked in <strong>the</strong> Central Committee), Alexander Ghe<br />

(Goldberg), Yuri Larin (actually Mikhail Lurye, 1882-1932), Vatslav<br />

Vorovsky (Orlovsky), Mieczyslaw Bronski (actually Moisei Warszawski,<br />

who became deputy commissary for trade and industry), Abram Skovno<br />

(1888-1938), David Rosenblum, Christian Rakovsky (Bulgarian Jew who<br />

became head <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> red government in <strong>the</strong> Ukraine), Mikhail Lashevich,<br />

David Ryazanov (Goldenbach, 1870-1938, a Jew from Odessa, arrived<br />

from Switzerland with <strong>the</strong> second train, became director <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Marx<br />

Institute), Aaron Scheinman, Georgi Safarov, Yakov Surits, Aaron Soltz,<br />

Nikolai Krestinsky (member <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Central Committee), Yevgenia Bosh,<br />

Rulkovsky, Rozovsky, Samuel Kaufman (who became a people's com-<br />

missary), Isidor Gukovsky (people's commissary), Feningstein (people's<br />

commissary), Olga Ravich (Sarra Gavvich, worked with people's commis-<br />

sary Feningstein), Yelena Stasova (secretary <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Central Committee),<br />

Theodor Rothstein (leading man in <strong>the</strong> Foreign Commissariat), Ivan<br />

Maisky (actually Steinman), Yan-Yakov Gamarnik, Moisei Rukhimovich,<br />

Alexander Shotman (1880-1939), Dashevich, Mikhail Kobetsky, Mikhail<br />

Goberman, Nikolai Gordon (Leiba Alie Chael, close collaborator with<br />

Grigori Zinoviev), Sergei Syrtsov, Mikhail Tomsky (Honigberg), Mikhail<br />

(Meier) Trilisser, Joseph Unschlicht, Arkadi Rosengoltz, Grigori Chud-<br />

novsky, Joseph Pyatnitsky (Tarsis), Yevgeni Gnedin (Leon Helphand, son<br />

<strong>of</strong> Alexander Parvus who became head <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Paris Bureau <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Cheka),<br />

Bor and many, many o<strong>the</strong>rs.<br />

The Central Committee <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Bolshevik Party, which was elected in<br />

August <strong>of</strong> 1917, was comprised <strong>of</strong> 24 members. Of <strong>the</strong>se, at least 14 were<br />

Jews and 2 half-Jews. Even Moisei Uritsky's secretary was a 17-year-old<br />

238

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