1 KERICHO DISTRICT JOINT KCSE TRIAL ... - KCSE Online

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(iv) She became the first woman presidential candidate in 1997 through (LPK) (v) She served in the government as Assistant minister for environment during Kibakis term one. (vi) MP for Tetu in 2002 1x3=3mks (b) Why is Jaramogi Oginga Odinga considered as the father of opposition in Kenya? (10mks) (i) Led the Kenya independent movement to oppose the multi-racialism. (ii) Opposed Kenyattas land policy i.e wanted the landless to be settled and adoption of nationalization policy. (iii) 1966, he formed KPU after he resigned as vice president/minister for home Affair (iv) 1970/1990 he remained critical of the government and as a result was put under house, arrest and barred from contesting parliamentary elections. (v) Fought for re-introduction of multi partism and formed the NDP. (vi) Oginga,Martin Shikuku /Masinde Muliro etc formed FORD as pressure group to fight for pluralism. (vii) 1991 when section 2A of the Kenyan constitution was repelled FORD evolved into an opposition party and Oginga became the interim chairman. (viii) FORD later split into Ford Kenya of Odinga and FORD Asili of Kenneth Matiba. (ix) In the multi-party elections of 1992 the opposition lost to KANU but Oginga Odinga became the leader of the official opposition in parliament. 6x2=12mks 21. (a) State five roles of culture in the Kenyan society (5mks) (i) Entertaining people (ii) Promoting patriotism (iii) Educate people (iv) Promoting unity by bringing people together (v) Creating employment (vi) Reflecting on the countries , political development e.g theatre. 1x5=5mks (b) Discuss the challenges that are facing multi-party democracy in Kenya(10mks) (i) Led to ethnic clashes (ii) Some members of civil services sided with the government (iii) Most of the parties are ethnically based –lacks national support (iv) KANU government controlled the government machinery (v) Lack of funds (vi) Inadequate civil education (vii) Poverty (viii) Interference with the government (ix) Leadership wrangles (x) Parties are used as vehicles to ascend to power and mass wealth. (xi) Ideological differences among leaders (xii) Poor relations with the ruling party 2x5=10mk SECTION C Visit: www.kcse-online.info for exam & mock papers 4
22. (a) Identify five classes of correctional services in Kenya (5mks) (i) Principle institutions (ii) District I prison (iii) District II prison (iv) Detention camps (v) Youth institute for young offenders between 15-21 years. (vi) Extra rural penal employment camps 1x5=5mks (b) Explain the reforms being undertaken by the government to improve the conditions of correctional services (10mks) (i) Improved diet (ii) Living and sanitary condition have been improved. (iii) Improve medical services (iv) Provision of clothing and bedding (v) Purchase of new vehicles to ease transportation (vi) Visits by spouse among married couples (vii) Provision of distant learning (viii) Allowing prisoners to watch, read and listen to new. (ix) Giving a higher allowance to work done by inmates (x) Direct government involvement in prison matters. (xi) Easing congestions by releasing death row inmates, ensuring remandees have their case heard in good time. 2x5=10mks 23. (a) State three privileges the office of the prime minister enjoys under national accord (3mks) (i) Shares power with president on 50-50 % basis (ii) Supervises /coordinates affairs of the government including ministries. (iii) ½ of government cabinent is being appointed in the office of the prime minister. (iv) All presidential appointment must be consulted within the office of the p.m. 1x3=3mks (b) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) Describe the factors that limit the supremacy of the Kenyan parliament(12mks) Court can overrule an act of parliament The president can dissolve parliament Increased powers of the cabinet can reduce parliament’s authority. Peoples customs and traditions. Rule of law The application of international laws. The president has the power to declare a state of emergency to deal with a crisis sidestepping parliament. 2x6=12mks 24. (a) Suggest ways in which the new constitution has promoted democracy (12mks) (i) All presidential appointments must be approved by the parliament (ii) All appointments within government institutions must not be of the same gender (iii) Minorities/marginalized /youth have been considered in the new constitution (iv) There is an establishment of a bi-cameral legislature to check the executive. (v) There is an establishment of the Supreme Court to fair presidential disputes election results /matters pertaining to state affairs. Visit: www.kcse-online.info for exam & mock papers 5
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