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Best Fit Ellipsoid and Geocentric Ellipsoid Figure of Earth Geoid (Close to MSL) Locally Best-fit Ellipsoid (Everest Ellipsoid) Centre of Mass of Earth Geocentric Ellipsoid (GRS80) 2/15/2012 16
International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) In the Surveying terminology, a reference frame is a set of points with their coordinates which realize an ideal reference system The International Earth Rotation Service (IERS) mission is to provide internationally accepted terrestrial reference systems ITRF is produced by IERS The ITRF is realized through the global Cartesian coordinates and linear velocities of a global set of sites equipped with various space geodetic observing systems. The space geodetic techniques used at present are LLR, SLR, VLBI, GPS, and DORIS (Doppler Orbitography and Radio- positioning Integrated by Satellite, is a French precision navigation system) 2/15/2012 17
Page 1 and 2: REDEFINING THE HORIZONTAL & VERTICA
Page 3 and 4: Activities of Geodetic & Research B
Page 5 and 6: What is Datum? A datum (plural datu
Page 7 and 8: Geoid Figure of Earth Geoid (Close
Page 9 and 10: The Ellipsoid The Geoid is a compli
Page 11 and 12: Horizontal Datum: An Ellipsoid is U
Page 13 and 14: 2/15/2012 13
Page 15: Bureau International de l’Heure (
Page 19 and 20: IGS Stations 2/15/2012 19
Page 21 and 22: Status of Horizontal Control in Ind
Page 23 and 24: Status of Horizontal Control in Ind
Page 25 and 26: GCP Library Phase-I: Distribution i
Page 27 and 28: Subsequent Phases Of GCP Library Ph
Page 29 and 30: Achievements: GCP Phase-II Phase-II
Page 31 and 32: Network Adjustment Strategy Coordin
Page 33 and 34: GCP Phase-I Network: Adjusted with
Page 35 and 36: Accuracy Expected Positional accura
Page 37 and 38: National GPS Data Centre National G
Page 39 and 40: REAL TIME GPS DATA Under the modern
Page 41 and 42: In past, the requirement of contour
Page 43 and 44: Interlinking of Rivers. Flood Contr
Page 45 and 46: CONCLUSION Provision of dense contr

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