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Tropical deep convection and tropical tropopause - Academia Sinica

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Penetrative <strong>convection</strong><br />

• “Penetration” here does<br />

not merely mean that<br />

the cloud top height<br />

exceeds the local<br />

<strong>tropopause</strong> level.<br />

Irreversible mass<br />

transfer is required<br />

• The mere presence of<br />

an overshooting top<br />

does not necessarily<br />

qualify a storm as a<br />

penetrative one<br />

because it may just<br />

distort the <strong>tropopause</strong><br />

temporarily but causes<br />

no irreversible<br />

transport of materials.

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