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sonie a~ln~ents like jaundice, measles, snake bile and scorplon stings Occas~onally faith healing was also tried (ii) Other epidemiological methods Cross sectional morbidity survey It was observed that 25 0% of the children went to the local PHC, 18.0% to pnvate doctors, 11.0 % got medlc~nes from the petty shop, 6.0% got them from the pharmacy and 1 9% from the compounder. Home remedy was given in 4.5% of the children and 33% d~d not take any form of treatment Cohort study Th~s showed that 45 4% of the episodes were not given any type of treatment, 26.0% were treated by med~cines got from the pharmacy, 14.1% ware treated in the local PHC, 8 4% by rned~c~nes from the petty shop and 0.05 % by pnvate doctors. Faith heal~ng was given for 1 eplsode of fever only. 8.1.3 Education (a) Importance of education (i) Ethnographic methods Most of the people felt that educat~on was necessary for both girls and boys, particularly lor the lalter. Many felt (1551160, 96.840) that educat~on was essential to bulld the character of their children and also to get jobs. The wllagers generally
expected the school to do everyth~ng for their children and were not very happy w~th the government school (11) Other epidemiological methods 1. The overall l~teracy rate over 6 years of age ln the vlllage was 63 0% It was s~gn~f~cantly h~gher In males (74 6%) than In females (51 7%, p < 0 05) 2. The proport~on of children studying In the relevant age group In the pnmary, middle and hlgh school sections were 91 0%, 92 0% and 53 4% resped~vely 3. The proport~on of chlldren between 5 and 15 years not enrolled ~n school was 10 5% jb) School absenteelsm (I) Ethnographic methods Although dunng group d~scuss~ons, many parents felt that the common cause for staylng away from school was playfulness, the structured queshonna~re showed that only 8 8% ( 51160) felt that playfulness was a cause for absenteeism, wh~le 30 0% felt that illness was the cause for school loss A few felt that local fun~tlons, housework and v~s~ts to other places were also respons~ble for school loss (11) Other epidemiological methods School survey A random survey of 226 ch~ldren showed that work was the cause of absenteelsm in 34 1% of the ch~ldren followed by ~llness rn 29 2%, local fesbvals in 18 6%, and vlslts outs~de the vlllage in 12 4% of children Playfulness was a cause of absenteeism only In 1 1% of them The school absence was maxlmum In the m~ddle school level There were sign~ficantly more g~rls than boys who were absent because of illness (p < 0 05)
Page 1 and 2:
A Case Study of the Health, Educati
Page 3 and 4:
ACKNOWLEDGMENT "No man is an island
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CONTENTS CHAPTER PAQE No. I. INTROD
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INTRODUCTION The children of today
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phase, there is maximum educational
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Apart from the health and education
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Jims Jnd Objectives
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(c) To study the diet pattern of ch
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OVERVIEW OF STUDY DESIGN This chapt
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3.2 Definltlon of age group for the
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(11) Pedlatrlcs Inpatlent ward => O
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- Study Qrea Qnd Demography
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4.22 Itrfreslructun, The village is
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and India, is given in Table 4.1. O
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TABLE 4.1 AGE AND GENDER SPECIFlC D
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TABLE 4.4 DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLD
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Distributlon of adult village popul
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HEALTH STATUS OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDRE
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of chronic illnesses in children le
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Bhasin et a1..1990; Gupta et a1..19
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eported by ttie School Heallh Cell,
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lb) Anemia (i) Global scenario Nutr
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serum vitamin A; iii) ophthalmologi
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and elimination of iodine deficienc
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in 15.7% of the children screened (
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3 Strives to prov~de a healthy envi
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nght attitudes and practices. In or
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her schooling (XI1 standard) and wa
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(iii) Nonparticipant observation No
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The height and weight of the chlldr
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5 3.2 Organization of date and anal
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eflection of the lower enrollment r
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ecommended and the actual intake of
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(11) Causes Change of water cold fo
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The mean duration of fever was 3.6(
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annual ~nc~dence being 6211,000 chi
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were all unanimous In saying that t
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chlldren from socioeconomically bac
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Le generally lower than the values
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health problem in school age childr
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p91d tltero is widespread use of io
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worms spontaneously formed In the s
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MORBIDITY PATTERN m S= S Year oi pu
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1ABLE 5.3 PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN A D
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I'HKVAl.H.NC'lr. O W ItIIIIIIMA I I
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METHODS OF SNDY USED FOR DIFFERENT
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TABLE 5.8 B ISSUES ADDRESSED BY DWF
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TABLE 5.8 B (continued) ISSUES ADDR
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TABLE 5.10 A COMPARISON OF MEAN INT
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TABLE 5.10 C COMPARISON OF MEAN INT
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COMPARISON OF MEAN INTAKE OF THIAMI
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COMPARlSON OF MEAN INTAKE OF PROTEI
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TABLE 5.11D COMPARISON OF MEAN INTA
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TABLE 5.13 PHKVALLNC'R OF UIFQEUEN'
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TABLE 5.15 COMPARISON OF PREVALENCE
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TABLE 5.19 PREVALENCE OF NUTRITIONA
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TABLE 5.22 PREVALENCE OF %FECTIOUS
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TABLE 5.23 (continued) COMPARISON O
Page 130 and 131:
TABLE 5.25 ANNUAL INCIDENCE OF DlFF
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TABLE 5.28 ( OMPARISON OF SPEC'IRII
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TABLE 5.29 COMPARISON OF REPORTED S
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TABLE 5.33 BY THE PARAMEDICAI. WORK
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FIGURE 5.2 Comparison of age and ge
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FIGURE 5.5 Monthly variation in the
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FIGURE 5.6 Comparlson of age specif
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FIGURE 5.10 Age specific body mass
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FIGURE 5.14 Prevalence of important
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EDUCATION STATUS OF SCHOOL AGE CHIL
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6.2.2 Indian Scenario (8) Literact
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32.5% for girls and 15.9% for boys
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summary tables givlng details of th
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namely school records and census It
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school butldlng should be better Th
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(iii) Proportion of children in the
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8, "During groundnut picking season
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6.4.3 Dropout @) Maanitude and ~att
Page 175 and 176:
C, Case Studies Case N0.l Dhanalaks
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,haracter of ch~ldren and help them
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Researchers have not been able to c
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allage, local fesbvals and funct~on
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TABLE 6.3 PERCENTAGE OF GIRLS REACH
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TABLE 6.4 (continued) ('OMPAHISON O
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I TABLE 6.5 A (continued) ' USED FO
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1 TABLE 6.5 B (continued) ISSUES AD
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TABLE 6.8 ('OMPARISON OP CAUSKS OF
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TABLE 6.10 COMPARISON OF CAUSES OF
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TABLE 6.12 COMPARISON OF CAllSES OF
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FIGURE 6.1 Literacy rates in female
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FIGURE 6.3 Comparison of age and ge
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FIGURE 6.5 Comparison of proportion
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FIGURE 6.7 Dropout pattern in glrls
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SOCIAL STATUS OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDRE
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tremendous Increase in the enrollme
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children had lower contact rates th
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female ch~ldren showed that between
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was felt that more information coul
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detalls of the~r actlv~ties In the
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sectlon For each Issue, the observa
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"eglected the smaller of the twlns
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many (53 1%) preferred to take them
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(11) Data from tertiary care hospit
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so However, some (22 5O/0) were w~l
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(i~) Cohort 3 In the cohort, 54 out
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(i) Work The daily actlvlty pattern
Page 236 and 237: not interfere with a girl's educati
Page 238 and 239: The following are some of the state
Page 240 and 241: was collected from 99 familles The
Page 242 and 243: on the Issue of school age g~rls (U
Page 244 and 245: een found that in some parts of the
Page 246 and 247: 48 0% In glrls and 52 0% In boys Th
Page 248 and 249: as an excuse to stop thelr girls fr
Page 250 and 251: stud~es compared to boys, although
Page 252 and 253: TABLE 7.1 A METHOD OF STUDY USED FO
Page 254 and 255: I TABLE 7.1 A (continued) METHOD OF
Page 256 and 257: TABLE 7.1 B(conthued) \IPllIOIfi I
Page 258 and 259: TABLE 7.1 B(coatlnued) ISSUES ADDRE
Page 260 and 261: TABLE 7.2 A RELATIVE DISTRlBUTION O
Page 262 and 263: TABLE 7.3 COMPARISON OF TIME INTERV
Page 264 and 265: TABLE 7.6 COMPARISON OF DAILY ACTIV
Page 266 and 267: TABLE 7.8 COMPARISON OF COST ALLOCA
Page 268 and 269: TABLE 7.10 ( O~~PARISON OF ANNUAL c
Page 270 and 271: TABLE 7.12 A COMPARISON OF ANNUAL R
Page 272 and 273: FIGURE 7.1 Distribution of daily ac
Page 274 and 275: FIGURE 7.3 Distribution of work pat
Page 279 and 280: Summary And Concliusions
Page 281 and 282: data for certaln Issues were obtaln
Page 283 and 284: (ii) Other epidemiological methods
Page 285: VHN and PHC records I. The records
Page 289 and 290: stopplng from school They felt that
Page 291 and 292: jc) Health care and the air1 child
Page 293 and 294: Data from Government Chest Clinic,
Page 295 and 296: hlgher than In boys, the difference
Page 297 and 298: (lv) Cost of household consumption
Page 300 and 301: RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the flndln
Page 302 and 303: 9.4 Recommondatins for future resea
Page 304 and 305: BIBLIOGRAPHY Ayit~wnl, V K . Agntwo
Page 306 and 307: Bamji. M.S.. Sarma. R.K.V.. Radhaia
Page 308 and 309: Bundy, D.A.P., Guyatt, H.L. (1996).
Page 310 and 311: Ghildiyal. R., Desai. B.N.. Joshi.
Page 312 and 313: Kapoor, G., Aneja, S. (1992). Nutri
Page 314 and 315: Nagoba. B.S.. Basutkar, S.H.. Bhat.
Page 316 and 317: Ramakrlshnan, R.. Rao. T.V . Prasad
Page 318 and 319: Sharma, R.G., Mishra. Y.C., Vennal,
Page 320 and 321: Umeh. R.E.. Chijloke, C.P.. Okonkwo
Page 323: * Not to be Rlled In the fleld " Co
Page 327 and 328: School children-Girl Chlld S.A Form
Page 329 and 330: School children Girl child S.A ID.
Page 331 and 332: Form to be filled up during follow
Page 333 and 334: h. I'arliril,nlio~~ ill 1111usrhol
Page 335: .%A / WirJa 11. as! tad uq.& ~a .WA
Page 343:
6. jlb na,/J s- Sr .?ud;~O3unmn~t 0
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