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(i~) Cohort 3 In the cohort, 54 out of 96 girls (56 3%) and 89 out of 119 (74 8%) boys were study~ng, the proportion of boys studylng belng s~gn~ftcantly more than girls (p < 0 05) -, Among those who were studylng 31 g~rls (574%) and 35 boys (39 3%) were atlend~ng extra r
labor wh~le the~r slsters relaxed at home Most of the le~sure time was spent by boys ln going out or for clnemas, whlle g~rl stayed at home or went to the local temples The follow~ng are some of the statements made in th~s regard - 1. "A glrl only has to do all the inside work. Then only she will be able to do these jobs well, when she goes to another house" (A 35 year old man In an ~n- depth Internew) Many people expressed a slmllar new 2 "A boy should not do housework. I will not allow it. If he starts doing that, he will become lazy and will not go out and earn. His main duty is to go out and earn" (A 32 year old woman In an In-depth ~nte~ew) 3. "Boys have to do all the outside work like getting things from the shop or outs~de the town. they will not do inside work. I will not permit them" (A 35 years old woman tn an In-depth ~nterv~ew) 4. '1 do all the work like going to the field, washing vessels, cooki~g and making pavu. My brother goes for field work and weaves. He doesn't do any housework. When I am not tired, I don't mind doing housework. Sometimes when I am tired I feel bad I have to do all the work. When I have children I will ask them to share the housework" (A 20 year old glrl ln an In-depth lntervlew) 5. "What work do girls do? They just sit at home and gossip. We only have to go out and work in the hot sun" (A 19 year old boy In a group dlscusslon) -her epidemiolo~ical methods The duration and changlng pattern w~th lncreaslng age of important dally actlvltles llke work, study, leisure and play, and sleep are glven below These actlwt~es In g~rls and boys In the vanous age groups are compared ~n Tables 7.5-7.7 The durat~on of the danous actlv~t~es, expressed as a percentage of the total tlme penod ~n a day, for both girls and boys IS glven ~n Figures 7.lA-7.2 C
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A Case Study of the Health, Educati
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT "No man is an island
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CONTENTS CHAPTER PAQE No. I. INTROD
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INTRODUCTION The children of today
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phase, there is maximum educational
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Apart from the health and education
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Jims Jnd Objectives
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(c) To study the diet pattern of ch
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OVERVIEW OF STUDY DESIGN This chapt
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3.2 Definltlon of age group for the
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(11) Pedlatrlcs Inpatlent ward => O
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- Study Qrea Qnd Demography
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4.22 Itrfreslructun, The village is
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and India, is given in Table 4.1. O
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TABLE 4.1 AGE AND GENDER SPECIFlC D
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TABLE 4.4 DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLD
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Distributlon of adult village popul
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HEALTH STATUS OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDRE
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of chronic illnesses in children le
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Bhasin et a1..1990; Gupta et a1..19
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eported by ttie School Heallh Cell,
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lb) Anemia (i) Global scenario Nutr
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serum vitamin A; iii) ophthalmologi
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and elimination of iodine deficienc
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in 15.7% of the children screened (
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3 Strives to prov~de a healthy envi
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nght attitudes and practices. In or
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her schooling (XI1 standard) and wa
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(iii) Nonparticipant observation No
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The height and weight of the chlldr
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5 3.2 Organization of date and anal
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eflection of the lower enrollment r
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ecommended and the actual intake of
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(11) Causes Change of water cold fo
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The mean duration of fever was 3.6(
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annual ~nc~dence being 6211,000 chi
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were all unanimous In saying that t
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chlldren from socioeconomically bac
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Le generally lower than the values
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health problem in school age childr
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p91d tltero is widespread use of io
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worms spontaneously formed In the s
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MORBIDITY PATTERN m S= S Year oi pu
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1ABLE 5.3 PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN A D
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I'HKVAl.H.NC'lr. O W ItIIIIIIMA I I
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METHODS OF SNDY USED FOR DIFFERENT
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TABLE 5.8 B ISSUES ADDRESSED BY DWF
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TABLE 5.8 B (continued) ISSUES ADDR
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TABLE 5.10 A COMPARISON OF MEAN INT
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TABLE 5.10 C COMPARISON OF MEAN INT
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COMPARISON OF MEAN INTAKE OF THIAMI
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COMPARlSON OF MEAN INTAKE OF PROTEI
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TABLE 5.11D COMPARISON OF MEAN INTA
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TABLE 5.13 PHKVALLNC'R OF UIFQEUEN'
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TABLE 5.15 COMPARISON OF PREVALENCE
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TABLE 5.19 PREVALENCE OF NUTRITIONA
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TABLE 5.22 PREVALENCE OF %FECTIOUS
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TABLE 5.23 (continued) COMPARISON O
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TABLE 5.25 ANNUAL INCIDENCE OF DlFF
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TABLE 5.28 ( OMPARISON OF SPEC'IRII
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TABLE 5.29 COMPARISON OF REPORTED S
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TABLE 5.33 BY THE PARAMEDICAI. WORK
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FIGURE 5.2 Comparison of age and ge
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FIGURE 5.5 Monthly variation in the
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FIGURE 5.6 Comparlson of age specif
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FIGURE 5.10 Age specific body mass
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FIGURE 5.14 Prevalence of important
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EDUCATION STATUS OF SCHOOL AGE CHIL
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6.2.2 Indian Scenario (8) Literact
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32.5% for girls and 15.9% for boys
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summary tables givlng details of th
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namely school records and census It
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school butldlng should be better Th
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(iii) Proportion of children in the
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8, "During groundnut picking season
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6.4.3 Dropout @) Maanitude and ~att
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C, Case Studies Case N0.l Dhanalaks
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,haracter of ch~ldren and help them
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Researchers have not been able to c
Page 181 and 182: allage, local fesbvals and funct~on
Page 183 and 184: TABLE 6.3 PERCENTAGE OF GIRLS REACH
Page 185 and 186: TABLE 6.4 (continued) ('OMPAHISON O
Page 187 and 188: I TABLE 6.5 A (continued) ' USED FO
Page 189 and 190: 1 TABLE 6.5 B (continued) ISSUES AD
Page 191 and 192: TABLE 6.8 ('OMPARISON OP CAUSKS OF
Page 193 and 194: TABLE 6.10 COMPARISON OF CAUSES OF
Page 195 and 196: TABLE 6.12 COMPARISON OF CAllSES OF
Page 197 and 198: FIGURE 6.1 Literacy rates in female
Page 199 and 200: FIGURE 6.3 Comparison of age and ge
Page 201 and 202: FIGURE 6.5 Comparison of proportion
Page 203 and 204: FIGURE 6.7 Dropout pattern in glrls
Page 210 and 211: SOCIAL STATUS OF SCHOOL AGE CHILDRE
Page 212 and 213: tremendous Increase in the enrollme
Page 214 and 215: children had lower contact rates th
Page 216 and 217: female ch~ldren showed that between
Page 218 and 219: was felt that more information coul
Page 220 and 221: detalls of the~r actlv~ties In the
Page 222 and 223: sectlon For each Issue, the observa
Page 224 and 225: "eglected the smaller of the twlns
Page 226 and 227: many (53 1%) preferred to take them
Page 228 and 229: (11) Data from tertiary care hospit
Page 230 and 231: so However, some (22 5O/0) were w~l
Page 234 and 235: (i) Work The daily actlvlty pattern
Page 236 and 237: not interfere with a girl's educati
Page 238 and 239: The following are some of the state
Page 240 and 241: was collected from 99 familles The
Page 242 and 243: on the Issue of school age g~rls (U
Page 244 and 245: een found that in some parts of the
Page 246 and 247: 48 0% In glrls and 52 0% In boys Th
Page 248 and 249: as an excuse to stop thelr girls fr
Page 250 and 251: stud~es compared to boys, although
Page 252 and 253: TABLE 7.1 A METHOD OF STUDY USED FO
Page 254 and 255: I TABLE 7.1 A (continued) METHOD OF
Page 256 and 257: TABLE 7.1 B(conthued) \IPllIOIfi I
Page 258 and 259: TABLE 7.1 B(coatlnued) ISSUES ADDRE
Page 260 and 261: TABLE 7.2 A RELATIVE DISTRlBUTION O
Page 262 and 263: TABLE 7.3 COMPARISON OF TIME INTERV
Page 264 and 265: TABLE 7.6 COMPARISON OF DAILY ACTIV
Page 266 and 267: TABLE 7.8 COMPARISON OF COST ALLOCA
Page 268 and 269: TABLE 7.10 ( O~~PARISON OF ANNUAL c
Page 270 and 271: TABLE 7.12 A COMPARISON OF ANNUAL R
Page 272 and 273: FIGURE 7.1 Distribution of daily ac
Page 274 and 275: FIGURE 7.3 Distribution of work pat
Page 279 and 280: Summary And Concliusions
Page 281 and 282: data for certaln Issues were obtaln
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(ii) Other epidemiological methods
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VHN and PHC records I. The records
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expected the school to do everyth~n
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stopplng from school They felt that
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jc) Health care and the air1 child
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Data from Government Chest Clinic,
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hlgher than In boys, the difference
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(lv) Cost of household consumption
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RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the flndln
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9.4 Recommondatins for future resea
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Ayit~wnl, V K . Agntwo
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Bamji. M.S.. Sarma. R.K.V.. Radhaia
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Bundy, D.A.P., Guyatt, H.L. (1996).
Page 310 and 311:
Ghildiyal. R., Desai. B.N.. Joshi.
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Kapoor, G., Aneja, S. (1992). Nutri
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Nagoba. B.S.. Basutkar, S.H.. Bhat.
Page 316 and 317:
Ramakrlshnan, R.. Rao. T.V . Prasad
Page 318 and 319:
Sharma, R.G., Mishra. Y.C., Vennal,
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Umeh. R.E.. Chijloke, C.P.. Okonkwo
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* Not to be Rlled In the fleld " Co
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School children-Girl Chlld S.A Form
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School children Girl child S.A ID.
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Form to be filled up during follow
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h. I'arliril,nlio~~ ill 1111usrhol
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.%A / WirJa 11. as! tad uq.& ~a .WA
Page 343:
6. jlb na,/J s- Sr .?ud;~O3unmn~t 0
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