Ecology of Red Maple Swamps in the Glaciated Northeast: A ...

M.R.S.A., Sect. 480.A). Research by Merrow (1990)
on breeding-bird communities in red maple
swamps demonstrated that swamps as small as
0.5 ha support wetland-dependent species such as
the northern waterthrush. Swamps smaller than
the size minima listed above clearly may have
significant public value for flood storage, water
quality improvement, wildlife habitat, scenic value,
and open space, particularly in urban areas. And,
although individual losses of small wetlands may
seem minor, the cumulative effects on flood levels,
water quality, wildlife populations, and the quality
of human life may be highly significant.
Acknowledgments
Many people contributed significantly to the
preparation of this report by providing unpublished
data or sharing personal knowledge of wetlands
in various sections of the Northeast. Special
thanks go to R. Tiner, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(FWS), who furnished statistics on wetland
abundance throughout the region as well as field
data on the species composition of red maple
swamps in northern New England and upstate
New York. T Rawinski, The Nature Conservancy,
provided floristic data and personal observations
on calcareous seepage swamps in southern New
England and New York. Lists of rare, threatened,
or endangered plant and animal species were provided
by Natural Heritage Program personnel in
all of the northeastern states. J. Dowhan, FWS,
reviewed the list of rare plants in Appendix B.
E. Thompson and E. Marshall, Vermont Nongame
and ~a&al Heritage Program, were especially
helpful in characterizing the forested wetlands of
the state, and B. Sorrie, Massachusetts Natural
Heritage Program, contributed personal observations
on the occurrence of rare plants in Massachusetts
swamps. Additional insights into red maple
swamp ecology, distribution, or abundance were
provided by K. Metzler, Connecticut Geological
and Natural History Survey; H. Vogelmann, University
of Vermont; W. Countryman, Northfield,
Vt.; D. Dickson, U.S. Forest Service; L. Perry,
FWS; and R. Cole, New York Department of Environmental
Conservation (NYDEC).
The thoughtful comments of individuals who
reviewed various drafts of the manuscript are especially
appreciated. Numerous helpful suggestions
came from reviewers of the first draft: R. Tiner) and
E Reed, FWS; W. Niering, Connecticut College; and
M. Schweisberg, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency. Other reviewers included FL Novitzki, U.S.
Geological Survey; B. Swift, N'YDEC; J. Boothroyd,
University of Rhode Island (URI) Geology Department;
and W. Wright, J. Brown, and T! Groffman,
URI Department of Natural Resources Science
(NRS). M. Salerno and B. Brown, also of NRS,
keyed numerous drafts of the manuscript and
helped with preparation of figures; S. Golet and G.
DeRagon assisted with proofreading. Their contributions
are gratefully acknowledged.
Figs. 1.2, 1.3, 2.10, and 3.10 were prepared by
C. Baker, URI Environmental Data Center.
R. Deegan, NRS, drafted Figs. 2.1,2.2,7.2, and 7.3.
Fig. 7.1 was reproduced with permission of the U.S.
Forest Service; it originally appeared in Amphibians
and Reptiles of New England by R. M. DeGraaf
and D. D. Rudis (copyright 1983 by the University
of Massachusetts Press). Fig. 7.7 originally appeared
in Mammals of Ontario by A. I. Dagg (copyright
1974 by A. I. Dagg). Photographs appearing
in Figs. 7.6 and 7.8 were provided by W. Byrne,
Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife.
FI Lockwood, of Greene, R.I., fwrnished the photograph
in Fig. 8.3. The line drawings of plants in
Figs. 3.1-3.5 were provided by the FWS.
Thanks are also extended to J. Allen, Project
Officer, and other staff at the FWS National Wetlands
Research Center, Slidell (presently Lafayette),
La., for their guidance and assistance
throughout the preparation of this report. This
publication is Contribution No. 2613 of the Rhode
Island Agricultural Experiment Station.
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