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Zahid Shahab Ahmed, University of New England (Australia) and Stuti Bhatnagar, Jawaharlal Nehru University (New Delhi, India) India and Saudi Arabia - The fourth largest trading partner of India, during the last few years, a number of trade and industry delegations have visited Saudi Arabia to explore opportunities for long-term partnerships and cooperation, including joint ventures. Soon after new investment laws came into force in Saudi Arabia in mid-2000, a number of Indian firms have taken advantage of the new Saudi laws providing for 100% foreign ownership of projects in the Kingdom. Since then, Indian companies have established 108 joint ventures in Saudi Arabia in different sectors. In January 2006, during his trip to India, King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia signed four accords significant among which were the agreement on avoidance of double taxation and the bilateral investment protection agreement. India and UAE – The relationship between India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has evolved into a significant partnership in the economic and commercial sphere with UAE emerging as the second largest market globally for Indian products. At the same time Indians have emerged as important investors within the UAE and India as an important export destination for the UAE manufactured goods. Many Indian companies have contributed to the growth of a number of sectors in the region, like power generation and transmission, highways, telecommunication, water and other infrastructure development. The presence of warehouses of the different Indian companies in UAE has also resulted in an increase in the trade not only with UAE but also India’s trade with other Gulf countries. 1 India and Oman - Economic and commercial exchanges between India and Oman go back 1 Embassy of India, Abu Dhabi, http://www.indembassyuae.org/induae_bilateral.phtml 263
Gulf States and the Conflict between India and Pakistan centuries with a merchant community from India in Oman for several generations. This interaction has helped in laying the foundation for a multidimensional economic relationship between the two countries in recent years as Oman embarked on its process of development and oil revenues started flowing into the country in the 1970s. In June 1993, an Agreement for Economic Trade & Technical Cooperation was signed between India and Oman. India-Oman trade has been growing and India is the fifth largest source for imports (about 4.5%) into Oman. India and Oman have also finalized a Bilateral Investment Promotion & Protection Agreement (BIPA) and Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement (DTAA). India and Kuwait - The statement by former Indian ambassador to Kuwait is indicative of the strengthening economic relations between India and Kuwait - “I’d say that the political relationship between our two countries has been and is excellent. Our economic relations have been progressing exceptionally well, and our cultural cooperation is moving at a steady pace.” 1 The first ever meeting of the Indo-Kuwait Joint Ministerial Commission for Trade, Economic, Scientific and Technological Cooperation took place in Kuwait in November 2006. The second meeting of the commission was held in July 2008, in New Delhi. From the point of view of the labour sector, a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Labour, Employment and Manpower Development was also 1 “India, Kuwait have great political and economic relationship”, National PR Wire, August 25, 2008, http://www.nationalprwire.com/pr/political/%E2%80%98indiakuwaithave-great-political-and-economic-relationship%E2%80%99/112476.html 264
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Zahid Shahab Ahmed, University of New England (Australia) and Stuti<br />
Bhatnagar, Jawaharlal Nehru University (New Delhi, India)<br />
India and Saudi Arabia - The fourth largest trading partner<br />
of India, during the last few years, a number of trade and<br />
industry delegations have visited Saudi Arabia to explore<br />
opportunities for long-term partnerships and cooperation,<br />
including joint ventures. Soon after new investment laws<br />
came into force in Saudi Arabia in mid-2000, a number of<br />
Indian firms have taken advantage of the new Saudi laws<br />
providing for 100% foreign ownership of projects in the<br />
Kingdom. Since then, Indian companies have established<br />
108 joint ventures in Saudi Arabia in different sectors. In<br />
January 2006, during his trip to India, King Abdullah of<br />
Saudi Arabia signed four accords significant among which<br />
were the agreement on avoidance of double taxation and the<br />
bilateral investment protection agreement.<br />
India and UAE – The relationship between India and the<br />
United Arab Emirates (UAE) has evolved into a significant<br />
partnership in the economic and commercial sphere with<br />
UAE emerging as the second largest market globally for<br />
Indian products. At the same time Indians have emerged as<br />
important investors within the UAE and India as an<br />
important export destination for the UAE manufactured<br />
goods.<br />
Many Indian companies have contributed to the<br />
growth of a number of sectors in the region, like<br />
power generation and transmission, highways,<br />
telecommunication, water and other infrastructure<br />
development. The presence of warehouses of the<br />
different Indian companies in UAE has also resulted<br />
in an increase in the trade not only with UAE but<br />
also India’s trade with other Gulf countries. 1<br />
India and Oman - Economic and commercial<br />
exchanges between India and Oman go back<br />
1 Embassy of India, Abu Dhabi,<br />
http://www.indembassyuae.org/induae_bilateral.phtml<br />
263