Advanced Energy Efficiency, Lecture 2: Industry - Rocky Mountain ...

◊ What’s it worth to avoid a watt of power consumption
and heat generation in a data center? ~$10.3 PV el +
~$9.6–16.5 capital*; say $20–27/W—more than for
solar photovoltaic systems!
◊ Low-V (≤1 V), high-k, voltage islands, VLIW, SiGe, Cu,
Si/ins; RLX in 2003 got ~5–8× saving; Intel reports its
servers’ η rose 6× 2002–07 (30→180 Mflops/W, bracketing
Green Destiny’s 80 in 2004)
◊ Dynamic power management like laptops
◊ Superefficient power supplies; DC-bus architecture
The tail: power consumption
and efficient conversion
Could greatly improve uptime and reduce heat, thus extending life
*At $0.06/kWh, 90% meter-to-load electric efficiency, COP 2.2 including parasitics,
20-year present value at 5%/y real discount rate, and Ken Brill’s 2003 estimate of
~$9,600–16,500/kW for the kW-related portion (~80–75%) of the total capital
cost of the Tier 2–4 facility