Advanced Energy Efficiency, Lecture 2: Industry - Rocky Mountain ...

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Minimizing piping friction ◊ Surface finish: e.g., drawn metal tubing is about as smooth as plastic pipe, which can have ~30× less friction than normal metal pipe; and metal pipe has lately become smoother than assumed ◊ Abrupt bends can have 2× friction of sweet bends ◊ Segmented bends can have 50% more friction than continuous smooth bends ◊ One 90˚ elbow adds the same friction as straight pipe ~35× its hydraulic length* ◊ Typical industrial piping is so overfitted that it has ~3–6× the friction it should *Defined as four times the cross-sectional area of the pipe, divided by the length of its wetted perimeter
Pipe fittings: none are best ◊ Equivalent-length / pipe-diameter loss coefficients: ~2 for a pipe coupling or union ~17 for a 45˚ elbow ~75 for a 180˚ return bend Typically ~300 for a wide-open or ~475 for a half-open globe valve (!) ◊ Pipe layout needs to be simple, even ugly, without “pretty” right angles ◊ Avoid constrained entering/leaving conditions that kill pump efficiency: there’s generally space to do it right, and if there isn’t, make some more
Page 2 and 3: MAP/Ming Visiting Professorship, En
Page 4 and 5: First Industrial Revolution: People
Page 6 and 7: The resource cycle: a massflow pers
Page 8 and 9: Lots of luscious low-hanging fruit:
Page 10 and 11: Typical areas for big industrial sa
Page 12 and 13: Information is cheap, powerful, but
Page 14 and 15: Benefits of monitoring with good gr
Page 16 and 17: It’s not mainly about the hardwar
Page 18 and 19: 2. Basic hydraulic innovations www.
Page 20 and 21: Designing for breakthrough industri
Page 22 and 23: Examples from RMI’s industrial pr
Page 24 and 25: High efficiency doesn’t always ra
Page 26 and 27: New design mentality: expanding ret
Page 28 and 29: New design mentality • Redesignin
Page 30 and 31: No new technologies, just two desig
Page 32 and 33: This case is archetypical ◊ Most
Page 34 and 35: Why focus on pumping examples? ◊
Page 36 and 37: So how do we do this magic? “Like
Page 38 and 39: First seek to eliminate part or all
Page 40 and 41: Next, let’s minimize the piping s
Page 42 and 43: High-efficiency pumping / piping re
Page 46 and 47: Choice of valves ◊ Wide-open full
Page 48 and 49: Next, let’s optimize the pump The
Page 50 and 51: Optimize for the operating conditio
Page 52 and 53: Chiller system efficiency (not just
Page 54 and 55: Most induction-motor retrofits…
Page 56 and 57: = An oil major’s 1/99 min. (EP, w
Page 58 and 59: Prompt retrofits of induction motor
Page 60 and 61: Premium-efficiency motors aren’t
Page 62 and 63: Premium-efficiency motors also...
Page 64 and 65: Capture system synergies ◊ For ex
Page 66 and 67: Motor procurement, installation, ma
Page 68 and 69: Putting it all together: the patter
Page 70 and 71: Eating the Atlantic lobster ◊ Big
Page 72 and 73: Case-study of a huge LNG plant The
Page 74 and 75: The tasty morsels ◊ Systematicall
Page 76 and 77: Optimized fin fan schematic V ~ 6 m
Page 78 and 79: Heretical questions ◊ Is the plan
Page 80 and 81: AND A NONPROPRIETARY NEW-INSTALLATI
Page 82 and 83: Capability growth is outpacing effi
Page 84 and 85: Intel’s nominal data-center power
Page 86 and 87: IBM PS-2E ~5×-efficiency desktop P
Page 88 and 89: 1U Wintel Rack Mounted Server, ~200
Page 90 and 91: Wu-chun Feng’s Green Destiny blad
Page 92 and 93: Some ways to cool a data center 1 r
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Simple heat management ◊ ◊ ◊
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IT-equipment-to-total-kW multiplier
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Front claws: heat transfer and remo
Page 100 and 101:
The whole lobster: a fantasy ◊ Op
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What is all this but good simple en
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