Advanced Energy Efficiency, Lecture 2: Industry - Rocky Mountain ...

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MAP/Ming Visiting Professorship, Engineering School, Stanford University, 27 March 2007 CEE 173L/273L: Advanced Energy End-Use Efficiency Public Lectures in Advanced Energy Efficiency: 2. Industry Amory B. Lovins Chairman and Chief Scientist Rocky Mountain Institute www .rmi.org Copyright © 2007 Stanford University. All rights reserved. Distribution licensed to Rocky Mountain Institute.
American industry ◊ The mightiest transformative force in history ◊ Extracts raw materials, processes them into primary and secondary forms, makes those into artifacts that may be used for varying lengths of time (or none), and recycles a bit ◊ Uses essentially all physical materials, >18% of freshwater withdrawals* (>60% including agriculture, a primary industry), ~31% of electricity, 35% of directly used natural gas, 96% of directly used coal, 24% of oil (nearly half for feedstocks), and 32% of total energy *USGS doesn’t report how much of the public water supply goes to industry, so it’s not included here, but I’ve prorated power stations’ water withdrawals, 48% of the U.S. total, on industry’s 31% share of electricity consumption. ◊ Emits 29% of U.S. fossil-fuel CO 2
Page 4 and 5: First Industrial Revolution: People
Page 6 and 7: The resource cycle: a massflow pers
Page 8 and 9: Lots of luscious low-hanging fruit:
Page 10 and 11: Typical areas for big industrial sa
Page 12 and 13: Information is cheap, powerful, but
Page 14 and 15: Benefits of monitoring with good gr
Page 16 and 17: It’s not mainly about the hardwar
Page 18 and 19: 2. Basic hydraulic innovations www.
Page 20 and 21: Designing for breakthrough industri
Page 22 and 23: Examples from RMI’s industrial pr
Page 24 and 25: High efficiency doesn’t always ra
Page 26 and 27: New design mentality: expanding ret
Page 28 and 29: New design mentality • Redesignin
Page 30 and 31: No new technologies, just two desig
Page 32 and 33: This case is archetypical ◊ Most
Page 34 and 35: Why focus on pumping examples? ◊
Page 36 and 37: So how do we do this magic? “Like
Page 38 and 39: First seek to eliminate part or all
Page 40 and 41: Next, let’s minimize the piping s
Page 42 and 43: High-efficiency pumping / piping re
Page 44 and 45: Minimizing piping friction ◊ Surf
Page 46 and 47: Choice of valves ◊ Wide-open full
Page 48 and 49: Next, let’s optimize the pump The
Page 50 and 51: Optimize for the operating conditio
Page 52 and 53:
Chiller system efficiency (not just
Page 54 and 55:
Most induction-motor retrofits…
Page 56 and 57:
= An oil major’s 1/99 min. (EP, w
Page 58 and 59:
Prompt retrofits of induction motor
Page 60 and 61:
Premium-efficiency motors aren’t
Page 62 and 63:
Premium-efficiency motors also...
Page 64 and 65:
Capture system synergies ◊ For ex
Page 66 and 67:
Motor procurement, installation, ma
Page 68 and 69:
Putting it all together: the patter
Page 70 and 71:
Eating the Atlantic lobster ◊ Big
Page 72 and 73:
Case-study of a huge LNG plant The
Page 74 and 75:
The tasty morsels ◊ Systematicall
Page 76 and 77:
Optimized fin fan schematic V ~ 6 m
Page 78 and 79:
Heretical questions ◊ Is the plan
Page 80 and 81:
AND A NONPROPRIETARY NEW-INSTALLATI
Page 82 and 83:
Capability growth is outpacing effi
Page 84 and 85:
Intel’s nominal data-center power
Page 86 and 87:
IBM PS-2E ~5×-efficiency desktop P
Page 88 and 89:
1U Wintel Rack Mounted Server, ~200
Page 90 and 91:
Wu-chun Feng’s Green Destiny blad
Page 92 and 93:
Some ways to cool a data center 1 r
Page 94 and 95:
Simple heat management ◊ ◊ ◊
Page 96 and 97:
IT-equipment-to-total-kW multiplier
Page 98 and 99:
Front claws: heat transfer and remo
Page 100 and 101:
The whole lobster: a fantasy ◊ Op
Page 102:
What is all this but good simple en
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