Advanced Energy Efficiency, Lecture 2: Industry - Rocky Mountain ...

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The whole lobster: a fantasy ◊ Optimized system architecture/compilation: DARPA PACT aims at ~10–100× savings ◊ De-bloated code and pared overhead: more useful operations per instruction executed ◊ Optimally share/spread real-time workload, as with multiplexed chillers; why is total data-center electric load constant while its workload varies ≥3×? ◊ Comprehensive, radical device and system efficiency ◊ Superefficient heat transfer at each stage ◊ Onsite trigen (microturbines, engines, fuel cells,…) with heat-driven HVAC (or passive cooling), no UPS › Just a simple gas-fired engine-driven single-effect absorption chiller makes a data center into a net exporter of electricity
No limits to profitable industrial energy efficiency for a very long time to come ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ ◊ <strong>Industry</strong> is a materials-processing activity, ~99.98% of the materials are wasted, and most of this waste will ultimately be turned into profit by dematerialization, virtualization, product longevity, closed loops, industrial ecology, desktop mfg., etc. Conventional technological innovation continues apace despite appalling private and public underinvestment in energy RD&D Important new classes of processes, like microfluidics End-use efficiency keeps getting bigger and cheaper, esp. with integrative engineering to “tunnel through the cost barrier” Next come two further design revolutions Biomimicry: innovation inspired by nature (Janine Benyus) Perhaps nanotechnology (in Eric Drexler’s original sense) › Caution: nanomaterials look risky, and biomimicry is not biotechnology (often unwise): over time, Darwin always beats Descartes Plus the options we haven’t yet thought of—but could live to do so…if we quickly get the hang of responsibly combining a large forebrain with opposable thumbs!
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MAP/Ming Visiting Professorship, En
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First Industrial Revolution: People
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The resource cycle: a massflow pers
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Lots of luscious low-hanging fruit:
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Typical areas for big industrial sa
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Information is cheap, powerful, but
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Benefits of monitoring with good gr
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It’s not mainly about the hardwar
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2. Basic hydraulic innovations www.
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Designing for breakthrough industri
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Examples from RMI’s industrial pr
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High efficiency doesn’t always ra
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New design mentality: expanding ret
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New design mentality • Redesignin
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No new technologies, just two desig
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This case is archetypical ◊ Most
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Why focus on pumping examples? ◊
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So how do we do this magic? “Like
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First seek to eliminate part or all
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Next, let’s minimize the piping s
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High-efficiency pumping / piping re
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Minimizing piping friction ◊ Surf
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Choice of valves ◊ Wide-open full
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Next, let’s optimize the pump The
Page 50 and 51: Optimize for the operating conditio
Page 52 and 53: Chiller system efficiency (not just
Page 54 and 55: Most induction-motor retrofits…
Page 56 and 57: = An oil major’s 1/99 min. (EP, w
Page 58 and 59: Prompt retrofits of induction motor
Page 60 and 61: Premium-efficiency motors aren’t
Page 62 and 63: Premium-efficiency motors also...
Page 64 and 65: Capture system synergies ◊ For ex
Page 66 and 67: Motor procurement, installation, ma
Page 68 and 69: Putting it all together: the patter
Page 70 and 71: Eating the Atlantic lobster ◊ Big
Page 72 and 73: Case-study of a huge LNG plant The
Page 74 and 75: The tasty morsels ◊ Systematicall
Page 76 and 77: Optimized fin fan schematic V ~ 6 m
Page 78 and 79: Heretical questions ◊ Is the plan
Page 80 and 81: AND A NONPROPRIETARY NEW-INSTALLATI
Page 82 and 83: Capability growth is outpacing effi
Page 84 and 85: Intel’s nominal data-center power
Page 86 and 87: IBM PS-2E ~5×-efficiency desktop P
Page 88 and 89: 1U Wintel Rack Mounted Server, ~200
Page 90 and 91: Wu-chun Feng’s Green Destiny blad
Page 92 and 93: Some ways to cool a data center 1 r
Page 94 and 95: Simple heat management ◊ ◊ ◊
Page 96 and 97: IT-equipment-to-total-kW multiplier
Page 98 and 99: Front claws: heat transfer and remo
Page 102: What is all this but good simple en
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