AP Style Guide! - SoylentGreene
AP Style Guide! - SoylentGreene
AP Style Guide! - SoylentGreene
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porting on nuclear energy, include<br />
the definitions of appropriate<br />
terms, especially those related<br />
to radiation.<br />
core The part of a nuclear reactor<br />
that contains its fissionable<br />
fuel. In a reactor core, atoms of<br />
fuel, such as uranium, are split.<br />
This releases energy in the form<br />
of heat which, in turn, is used to<br />
boil water for steam. The steam<br />
powers a turbine, and the turbine<br />
drives a generator to produce<br />
electricity.<br />
fission The splitting of the nucleus<br />
of an atom, releasing energy.<br />
meltdown The worst possible<br />
nuclear accident in which the reactor<br />
core overheats to such a degree<br />
that the fuel melts. If the fuel<br />
penetrates its protective housing,<br />
radioactive materials will be released<br />
into the environment.<br />
rad The standard unit of measurement<br />
for absorbed radiation.<br />
A millirad is a thousandth of a<br />
rad. There is considerable debate<br />
among scientists whether there is<br />
any safe level of absorption.<br />
radiation Invisible particles or<br />
waves given off by radioactive material,<br />
such as uranium. Radiation<br />
can damage or kill body cells,<br />
resulting in latent cancers, genetic<br />
damage or death.<br />
rem The standard unit of measurement<br />
of absorbed radiation in<br />
living tissue, adjusted for different<br />
kinds of radiation so that 1<br />
rem of any radiation will produce<br />
the same biological effect. A millirem<br />
is a thousandth of a rem.<br />
A diagnostic chest X-ray involves<br />
between 20 millirems and<br />
30 millirems of radiation. Each<br />
American, on average, receives<br />
100 millirems to 200 millirems of<br />
radiation a year from natural<br />
“background” sources, such as<br />
cosmic rays, and man-made<br />
sources, such as diagnostic X-<br />
rays. There is considerable debate<br />
among scientists over the safety<br />
of repeated low doses of radiation.<br />
roentgen The standard measure<br />
of X-ray exposure.<br />
uranium A metallic, radioactive<br />
element used as fuel in nuclear<br />
reactors.<br />
numerals A numeral is a figure,<br />
letter, word or group of<br />
words expressing a number.<br />
Roman numerals use the letters<br />
I, V, X, L, C, D and M. Use<br />
Roman numerals for wars and to<br />
show personal sequence for animals<br />
and people: World War II,<br />
Native Dancer II, King George VI,<br />
Pope John XXIII. See Roman numerals.<br />
Arabic numerals use the figures<br />
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 0.<br />
Use Arabic forms unless Roman<br />
numerals are specifically required.<br />
See Arabic numerals.<br />
The figures 1, 2, 10, 101, etc.<br />
and the corresponding words —<br />
one, two, ten, one hundred one,<br />
etc. — are called cardinal numbers.<br />
The term ordinal number<br />
applies to 1st, 2nd, 10th, 101st,<br />
first, second, tenth, one hundred<br />
first, etc.<br />
Follow these guidelines in<br />
using numerals:<br />
LARGE NUMBERS: When<br />
large numbers must be spelled<br />
out, use a hyphen to connect a<br />
word ending in y to another word;<br />
do not use commas between<br />
other separate words that are